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{{Short description|Spanish army officer}}
{{cleanup|reason=NPOV issues|date=December 2015}}
{{family name hatnote|Clavería|Zaldúa|lang=Spanish}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=March 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
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| image = El teniente general Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa, conde de Manila (Museo del Prado).jpg
| imagesize = 220px
| smallimage = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| alt =
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| order = 71st
| honorific_prefix = [[Lieutenant General]]<br>[[The Most Excellent]]
| office = Governor-General of the Philippines
| term_start = July 16, 1844
| term_end = December 26, 1849
| alongside = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| vicepresident =
| viceprimeminister =
| deputy =
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| monarch = [[Isabella II of Spain]]
| president =
| primeminister =
| taoiseach =
| chancellor =
| governor =
| governor-general =
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| succeeding = <!--For President-elect or equivalent-->
| predecessor = [[Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre]]
| successor = [[Antonio María Blanco]]
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| majority2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| birth_name = Narciso José Anastasio Clavería y Zaldúa
| birth_date = May 2, 1795
| birth_place = [[Girona]], [[Catalonia]], Spain<ref name="baptism">[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DTD9-T6 Baptismal record of Narciso Clavería]</ref>
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1851|06|20|1795|05|02}}
| death_place = [[Madrid]], Spain
| restingplace =
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| birthname =
| nationality = [[Spain|Spanish]]
| party =
| otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations-->
| spouse = Ana Berroeta Clavería, Countess of Manila<ref name="Repertorio">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzqkfDEPV0cC "Repertorio General. Indice Alfabetico de los principales vecinos de Madrid con indicacion de sus domicilios"], p.115. Imprenta de J. Martin Alegria, Madrid, 1852.</ref>
| partner = <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
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| data5 = <!--Military service-->
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[[File:Catalogo Alfabetico de Apellidos.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The ''Catalogo alfabetico de appellidos'' (1849)]]
''' Narciso José Anastasio Clavería y Zaldúa, 1st Count of Manila''' ([[Catalan language|Catalan]]: ''Narcís Josep Anastasi Claveria i Zaldua''; May 2, 1795<ref name="baptism"/> – June 20, 1851) was a Spanish army officer who served as the [[Governor-General of the Philippines]] from July 16, 1844, to December 26, 1849.
Clavería is widely recognized as a reformist and modernizing administrator. He traveled through many provinces trying to learn the needs of Filipinos. He encouraged agriculture, improved the streets and suburbs of [[Manila]], and succeeded in helping the country.<ref name="Jernegan">Jernegan, Prescott Ford (1905) [https://books.google.com/books?id=rldFAAAAIAAJ "A short history of the Philippines: for use in Philippine schools"]. pp. 232-234. D. Appleton and Company, New York.</ref> He was given the title [[Count of Manila]].<ref name="Repertorio"/><ref>[https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1848/4980/A00002-00002.pdf Real decreto concediendo el título de Castilla con la denominación de conde de Manila, vizconde de Clavería, para sí, sus hijos y sucesores legítimos á D. Narciso Clavería, gobernador y Capitán general de las islas Filipinas]. [[Gaceta de Madrid]]. no. 4980, May 3, 1848, pg. 2. (BOE-A-1848-2189)</ref> The towns of [[Claveria, Misamis Oriental|Claveria]] in [[Misamis Oriental]] [[Provinces of the Philippines|province]], [[Claveria, Masbate|Claveria]] in [[Masbate]] province, and [[Claveria, Cagayan|Claveria]] in [[Cagayan]] province were named in his honor.<ref name="Lakay">(2009-03-28). [http://www.lakay-lakay.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47&Itemid=55 "Brief History of Claveria"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713182245/http://www.lakay-lakay.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47&Itemid=55 |date=July 13, 2011 }}. Lakay-Lakay, Official Claveria Website. Retrieved on June 3, 2011.</ref>
His grandson, [[Narciso Clavería y de Palacios, 3rd Count of Manila]], was an architect who designed the [[Toledo Railway Station]].
==Early years==
Narciso Clavería was a native of the [[
==Acts as Governor-General of the Philippines==
===Reformation of the Philippine calendar===
The [[Philippines]] from 1521
===Surnames for Filipinos===
{{Main
From the days of the Spanish conquest, some Filipinos had received [[Spanish language|Spanish]] [[surname]]s. Most people, however, had no surnames, which caused confusion. On Wednesday, November 21, 1849, Clavería issued a decree sending
===First steamships in the Philippines===
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===Spanish expedition to Balanguingui===
{{Main
Clavería organised an [[Amphibious warfare|amphibious campaign]] against the [[pirate]]s of the [[Samal Island]]s. He destroyed several towns and forts on the island of [[Balanguingui]], between the islands of [[Basilan]] and [[Jolo]], and released one hundred and thirty Filipino and [[Dutch people|Dutch]] captives (from [[Java]]) in 1848. For this successful military operation he received the titles of [[Count]] of Manila and [[Viscount]] of Clavería, and received the [[Cross of San Fernando|Knight Grand Cross of Royal and Military Order of San Fernando]] from [[Isabella II of Spain|Queen Isabella II]], besides other rewards.<ref name="Jernegan"/><ref name="Lakay"/><ref name="Vol17"/>
===Reforming the governors of the provinces===
From the earliest days, the chief of a [[Philippine province|province]] had acted both as governor and judge. He also engaged in trade, of which he had a [[monopoly]]. With
Clavería mandated that the governors should not engage in [[trade]]. This decree was not fully obeyed for many years after the time of Clavería. At that time there were thirty-one provinces. The governor received a salary of from three hundred to two thousand [[Philippine peso]]s a year. The most common salary was six hundred pesos. In return for the privilege of controlling the trade of the provinces the governors paid the government as high as three thousand pesos a year
===Other acts during his term===
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==Return to Spain==
In 1849, Clavería requested that he be allowed to retire. After which he left the position of governor-general and returned to Spain.<ref name="Vol17"/> He was a man of culture, probity, and industry.<ref name="Jernegan"/> He was made a [[Senate of Spain|senator]] in 1850 but died the following year on June 20 in [[Madrid]].<ref name="Historia">Ruiz, Angel Salcedo (1914). [https://books.google.com/books?id=tgdXAAAAMAAJ "Historia de España"], p.715. Saturnino Calleja Fernandez, Madrid.</ref><ref name="El Senado">{{cite web | url=http://www.senado.es/historia/senadores/index.html | title=Ficha |
==References==
{{
==External links==
* [http://revistas.ucm.es/ghi/11328312/articulos/RCHA9797110209A.PDF Narciso de Clavería Zaldúa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222101011/http://revistas.ucm.es/ghi/11328312/articulos/RCHA9797110209A.PDF |date=February 22, 2012 }} from Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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{{Governor-General of the Philippines}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Claveria Y Zaldua, Narciso}}
[[Category:Captains General of the Philippines]]
[[Category:Counts of
[[Category:People from Girona]]
[[Category:Members of the Senate of Spain]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Catalonia]]
[[Category:1795 births]]
[[Category:1851 deaths]]
[[Category:Spanish nobility]]
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