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{{Use American English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 456th Bombardment Wing, Heavy
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|identification_symbol_label=4126th Strategic Wing and<br />456th Bombardment Wing emblem<ref group=note>The 456th Strategic Aerospace Wing continued to use the 4126th Strategic Wing emblem as part of its bestowed honors, but did not obtain official approval of the emblem until 23 August 1972 after it had been redesignated the 456th Bombardment Wing. Ravenstein, ''Combat Wings'', pp. 251–252</ref>
|identification_symbol_2=[[File:456troopcarrierwing-patch.png|150px]]
|identification_symbol_2_label=456th Troop Carrier Wing emblem <small>(approved 7 July 1953)</small><ref name=Maurer456BG>Maurer, ''Combat Units'', pp.
}}
The '''456th Bombardment Wing''' is an inactive [[United States Air Force]] unit. It was last assigned to the [[14th Air Division]] of [[Strategic Air Command]] at [[Beale Air Force Base]], California, where it was inactivated on 30 September 1975. The [[wing (military aviation unit)|wing]]'s predecessor was the [[456th Bombardment Group]], a [[World War II]] [[United States Army Air Forces]] combat organization that flew from Italy while assigned to [[Fifteenth Air Force]]. It earned two [[Distinguished Unit Citation]]s for valor in combat and participated in the strategic bombing campaign against [[oil refinery|oil production targets]] including those near [[Ploiești]], Romania, attacks that resulted in high bomber losses. The group also served as a troop carrier unit in the [[Air Force Reserve]] from 1947 to 1949 and as the flying element of the wing from 1952 to 1955.
The wing was activated in 1952 as the '''456th Troop Carrier Wing''', Medium, operating [[Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar]] transports. In the fall of 1955 the wing deployed to Japan, where it supported [[aerial reconnaissance|reconnaissance]] operations by recovering capsules carried across the Soviet
The wing was redesignated the '''456th Strategic Aerospace Wing''' and was activated at [[Beale Air Force Base]], California in February 1963. It flew [[Boeing B-52 Stratofortress]] bombers and [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker]] air refueling aircraft, and also commanded a [[HGM-25A Titan I]] squadron until 1965. Although it operated no [[intercontinental ballistic missile]]s after then, it was not until July 1972 that the wing was redesignated the '''456th Bombardment Wing'''. The wing was inactivated in September 1975 and its personnel, equipment, and mission transferred to the [[17th Bombardment Wing]], which moved to Beale on paper from [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]], Ohio.
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=== 456th Troop Carrier Wing===
[[File:Fairchild C-119 456 troop carrier-haiti-Oct-1954.gif|thumb|C-119 Flying Boxcars from the 456th Troop Carrier Group deployed to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, October 1954]]
The '''456th Troop Carrier Wing''', Medium was activated in October 1952 and assigned to [[Tactical Air Command]]. It was stationed at [[Miami International Airport]], Florida,<ref name=Ravenstein>Ravenstein, ''Combat Wings'', pp. 251–252</ref> where it replaced the [[435th Troop Carrier Wing]], which was an [[Air Force Reserve]] unit called to active duty for the [[Korean War]], assuming the 435th's mission, personnel, and equipment.<ref group=note>The 435th Wing returned to the reserves and took over the mission, personnel and equipment of the reserve [[482d Troop Carrier Wing]] at Miami. Ravenstein, ''Combat Wings'', pp.
When reorganized the wing assumed control over three tactical squadrons plus three squadron-size detachments manned for self-sufficient operations and having eight specially modified C-119s.<ref name=Ravenstein/>
The wing returned to the US and [[Ardmore Air Force Base]], Oklahoma on 25 May 1956, where it was attached to the [[463d Troop Carrier Wing]] until it was inactivated on 9 July and its personnel used to form the [[419th Troop Carrier Group]], which was simultaneously activated.<ref name=Ravenstein/><ref>Maurer, ''Combat Units'', pp.
=== 456th Strategic Aerospace Wing ===
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<!-- linked from redirect [[4126th Strategic Wing]] -->
The origins of the '''4126 Strategic Wing''' can be traced to 1 July 1956 when [[Continental Air Command]] transferred [[Beale Air Force Base]] California to [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC) which put Beale under the control of the 4126th Air Base Squadron<ref name=Mueller>Mueller, pp. 25–27</ref> to prepare the base for SAC's plan to disperse its [[Boeing B-52 Stratofortress]] heavy bombers over a larger number of bases, thus making it more difficult for the [[Soviet Union]] to knock out the entire fleet with a surprise first strike.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/001/056/917.xml
The wing became fully organized on 26 October 1959 when the [[31st Bombardment Squadron]] (BS), consisting of 15 [[Boeing B-52 Stratofortress]]es moved to Beale from [[Travis Air Force Base]], California where it had been one of the three squadrons of the [[5th Bombardment Wing]]<ref>Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp.
However, SAC Strategic Wings could not carry a permanent history or lineage<ref>Ravenstein, ''Guide to Air Force Lineage and Honors''</ref> and SAC looked for a way to make its Strategic Wings permanent.
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In 1962, in order to perpetuate the lineage of many currently inactive bombardment units with illustrious [[World War II]] records, Headquarters SAC received authority from Headquarters USAF to discontinue its Major Command controlled (MAJCON) strategic wings that were equipped with combat aircraft and to activate Air Force controlled (AFCON) units, most of which were inactive at the time which could carry a lineage and history.<ref group=note>MAJCON units could not carry a permanent history or lineage. Ravenstein, '' Guide to Air Force Lineage and Honors'', p. 12</ref>
As a result, the 4126th Wing was replaced by the newly redesignated '''456th Strategic Aerospace Wing''',<ref name=Ravenstein/> which assumed its mission, personnel, and equipment on 1 February 1963.<ref group=note>The 456th Wing continued, through temporary bestowal, the history, and honors of the World War II 456th Bombardment Group. It was also entitled to retain the honors (but not the history or lineage) of the 4126th and did so by adopting the 4126th's emblem as its own. This temporary bestowal ended when the wing was inactivated in 1975.</ref>
In the same way the [[744th Bombardment Squadron]], one of the unit's World War II historical bomb squadrons, replaced the 31st BS. The 856th Medical Group, 63d Munitions Maintenance Squadron and the 903d Air Refueling Squadron
The 456th
In 1964, the 903d was taken off its alert commitment to devote all its resourced to a "higher priority mission" which it had been performing for some months. Its performance of this mission earned it an Air Force Outstanding Unit Award for the period 1 July 1963 to 30 June 1964.<ref>AF Pamphlet 900-2, p. 476</ref><ref group=note>Although the wing itself received no awards while stationed at Beale, its 903d Air Refueling Squadron earned a second AFOUA for the period 1 July 1966 – 30 June 1967 and the subordinate 456th Combat Support Group, its assigned squadrons, and the 856th Medical Group earned one for 1 January 1966 – 30 June 1967. AF Pamphlet 900-2, p. 476.</ref>
Also in 1965, the '''851st Strategic Missile Squadron''' inactivated as SAC transitioned its missile force to the [[LGM-30 Minuteman]] missile. Recognizing the wing mission to support both a bombardment squadron and a reconnaissance squadron with [[aerial refueling|air refueling]] support, the wing added a second refueling squadron, the [[9th Air Refueling Squadron]] at the start of 1970.<ref name=Mueller/>
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'''456th Bombardment Wing'''
In July 1972 the wing was redesignated the '''456th Bombardment Wing
==Lineage==
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'''Squadrons'''
* [[9th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 January 1970 – 30 September 1975<ref name=Ravenstein/>
*
* [[745th Troop Carrier Squadron]]: 1 March 1955 – 9 July 1956<ref name=Maurer732733>Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp.
* [[746th Troop Carrier Squadron]]: 1 March 1955 – 9 July 1956<ref name=Maurer733734>Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', pp.
*
*
* 63d Munitions Maintenance Squadron: 1 February 1963 – 30 September 1975<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
* 456th Airborne Missile Maintenance Squadron: 1 February 1963 – 30 September 1975<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
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* 456th Field Maintenance Squadron: 1 February 1963 – 30 September 1975<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
* 456th Supply Squadron: 1 February 1963 – 1 July 1963<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
* 6926th Radio Squadron, Mobile: (attached c. 10 November
* Detachment 1, 456th Bombardment Wing: 1 January 1973 – 30 September 1975<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
* Detachment 1, 744th Troop Carrier Squadron: (attached 14 February 1955 – 9 July 1956)<ref name=RavensteinLHH/>
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===Stations===
* [[McChord Air Force Base]], Washington, 12 July 1947 – 27 June 1949
*
* Charleston Air Force Base, South Carolina, 25 July 1953 – 16 October 1955
* Shiroi Air Base, Japan, 10 November 1955 – 10 May 1956
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===Aircraft and missiles===
*
*
*
*
===Awards===
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==References==
===Notes===
; Explanatory notes
{{Reflist|group=note}}
{{Reflist|40em}}
===Bibliography===
{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
* {{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|
* {{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II|
* {{cite book|last=Mueller|first=Robert|title=Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330255/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-026.pdf |year=1989|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-53-6
* Parsch, Andreas (2006) [http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/app4/ws-119l.html Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Appendix 4: Undesignated Vehicles WS-119L/461L] (retrieved 12 March 2013)
* {{cite book|last=Ravenstein|first=Charles A.|title=Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories
* {{cite book|last=Ravenstein|first=Charles A.|title=Lineage and Honors Histories: Their Parts and Problems in Preparing|year=1975|publisher=Albert F. Simpson Historical Research Center|location=Maxwell AFB, AL
* {{cite web |url= http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/AFP900-2Vol1Bk2.pdf
; Further reading
* {{cite book|last=Cantwell|first=Gerald T.|title=Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve,
* {{cite book|author=Anonymous|title=456th Bomb Group - Steed's Flying Colts
|publisher=Turner Publications
{{Strategic Air Command}}
{{Tactical Air Command}}
[[Category:Units and formations of Strategic Air Command
[[Category:Bombardment wings of the United States Air Force]]
[[Category:1952 establishments in Florida]]
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