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PaulThomas92 (talk | contribs) Result is clunky and is nonsensical. Nobody says in WW2 that the Axis "won the initial invasions" but were then defeated. |
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| caption = From left to right clockwise: The [[Battle of Isandlwana]], The charge of the [[17th Lancers]] at [[Battle of Ulundi|Ulundi]], The British defence of [[Rorke's Drift]], and the British defense of [[Battle of Kambula|Kambula]]
| date = 11 January – 4 July 1879<br />({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=01|day1=11|year1=1879|month2=07|day2=04|year2=1879}})
| place = [[Zulu Kingdom]], present day [[South Africa]]
| territory = Partition of the Zulu Kingdom
| result =
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|UKGBI}} [[British Empire]]
*{{flagicon image|Flag of the Natal Colony 1875-1910.svg|23px}} [[Natal Colony]]
| combatant2 = [[Zulu Kingdom]]
| commander1 = {{flagicon|UKGBI}} [[Benjamin Disraeli]]<br />{{flagicon|UKGBI}} [[Henry Bartle Frere]]<br />{{flagicon|UKGBI}} [[Frederic Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford|Lord Chelmsford]]<br />{{flagicon|UKGBI}} [[Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley|Garnet Wolseley]]<br />
| commander2 = [[Cetshwayo kaMpande]]<br />[[Ntshingwayo Khoza]]<br />[[Dabulamanzi kaMpande]]<br />
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{{Campaignbox Scramble for Africa}}
The '''Anglo-Zulu War''' was fought in 1879 between the [[British Empire]] and the [[Zulu Kingdom]]. The most famous battle of the War was the Defense of Rorke's Drift.
Following the passing of the [[Constitution Act, 1867|British North America Act of 1867]] forming a federation in Canada, [[Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon|Lord Carnarvon]] thought that a similar political effort, coupled with military campaigns, might lead to a ruling white minority over a black majority, which would provide a large pool of cheap labour for the British sugar plantations and mines, encompassing the African Kingdoms, tribal areas and [[Boer republics]] into [[South Africa]]. In 1874, Sir [[Henry Bartle Frere|Bartle Frere]] was sent to South Africa as [[High Commissioner]] for the British Empire to effect such plans. Among the obstacles were the armed independent states of the [[South African Republic]] and the Kingdom of [[Zulu Kingdom|Zululand]].<ref>Knight (1992, 2002), p. 8.</ref> Frere, on his own initiative, sent a provocative [[Anglo-Zulu War#Terms|ultimatum]] on 11 December 1878 to the Zulu king [[Cetshwayo]] and upon its rejection sent [[Frederic Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford|Lord Chelmsford]] to invade Zululand.{{sfn|Spiers|2006|p=41}}{{sfn|Colenso|1880|pp=261–262}}{{sfn|Morris|1998|pp= 291–292}}{{efn|{{harvnb|Knight|2003|p=9}} states "By late 1878 Frere had manipulated a diplomatic crisis with the Zulus..."{{harvnb|Knight|2003|p=11}} notes "... an ultimatum with which, Frere knew, they could not possibly comply".}} The war had several particularly bloody battles, including an opening victory of the Zulu at the [[Battle of Isandlwana]], followed by the defence of [[Rorke's Drift]] by a small British Garrison from an attack by a large Zulu force. The British eventually won the war, ending Zulu dominance of the region. The Zulu Kingdom was then made a protectorate and later annexed by the [[British Empire]] in 1887.
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==First invasion==
{{Main|Action at Sihayo's Kraal|Battle of Inyezane|Battle of Isandlwana|Battle of Rorke's Drift|Siege of Eshowe|Battle of Intombe|Battle of Hlobane|Battle of Kambula|Battle of Gingindlovu}}
[[File:Isandhlwana.jpg|thumbnail|upright=1.35|
[[File:Military Map of Zulu Land.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|British Army military map of Zulu Land, 1879]]
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