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DhiMinusGan (talk | contribs) Sources: https://www.cityofstmarks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/2-8-2024-Regular-Meeting.pdf & https://www.cityofstmarks.com/city-government/ |
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{{
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
|
|other_name =
|native_name = San Marcos de Apalache
|nickname =
|settlement_type = [[City (Florida)|City]]
|motto = <!-- images and maps ----------->
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption = St. Marks
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
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|subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes =
|government_type = [[Council-manager government|Commission-Manager]]
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = Steve Remke
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 = John Gunter,<br>Tim Lawrence,<br>Paul Sheddan,<br>Paula Bell, and<br>Sharon Rudd
|leader_title2 = [[City Manager]]
|leader_name2 = Zoe Mansfield
|leader_title3 = [[City Attorney]]
|leader_name3 = William "Bill" C. Garner
|leader_title4 =
|leader_name4 =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|established_title2 =
|established_date2 = 1818–1821
|established_title3 =
|established_date3 = 1963<ref name=StMarksInc>{{Cite web|title=FLORIDA CITIES BY INCORPORATION YEAR WITH INCORPORATION & DISSOLUTION INFO|url=https://www.flcities.com/docs/default-source/research-institute-reports/2020citiesbyincorporationwithinfo.pdf?sfvrsn=5009d6d5_0|website=www.flcities.com}}</ref>
<!-- Area --------------------->
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="
|area_total_km2 = 5.
|area_land_km2 = 5.
|area_water_km2 = 0.02
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.01
|area_water_percent =
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|area_blank1_km2 =
|area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population ----------------------->
|population_as_of = [[
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total =
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_metro =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_urban
|population_density_urban_km2 =
|population_density_urban_sq_mi =
|population_blank1_title
|population_blank1
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information --------------->
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|area_code =
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 12-62825<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0290282<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|
|website = {{URL|http://www.cityofstmarks.com/}}
|footnotes =
|pop_est_as_of =
|pop_est_footnotes
|population_est =
}}
'''St. Marks''' is a city in [[Wakulla County, Florida|Wakulla County]], [[Florida]], United States. It is part of the [[Tallahassee
==Geography==
The approximate coordinates for the City of St. Marks is located at {{Coord|30.159244|-84.207152|type:city_region:US|format=dms|display=inline}}.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>
[[File:StMarksFlPostoffice.JPG|thumb|left|St. Marks [[United States Post Office]]]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|1.9|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|1.9|sqmi|km2}} is land and 0.52% is water.
==Climate==
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters. According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], St. Marks has a [[humid subtropical climate]] zone (''Cfa'').
==History==
{{see also|San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park|Wakulla County#History}}
[[File:St Marks Poseys Oyster Bar02.jpg|thumb|Posey's Bar, before it was torn down in 2010.]]
Originally known as [[San Marcos de Apalache]] and centered on a Spanish fort, this town was founded by the Spanish in the 17th century in what was then [[Spanish Florida]]. There was a [[trading post]] of [[Panton, Leslie & Company]] in the late 18th century. A long time has passed since St. Marks last had appreciable importance, but this place on [[Apalachee Bay]] in Florida's [[Big Bend (Florida)|Big Bend]] is a very old and historic [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] [[port]]. Fortifications built here by the Spanish in the 17th century, and rebuilt several times, provided the venue for force of arms repeatedly up through the [[American Civil War]].
In the best-known incident, Andrew Jackson, in his incursion into [[Spanish Florida]] in 1818, executed [[British people|British nationals]] [[Arbuthnot and Ambrister incident|Robert Chrystie Ambrister and Alexander George Arbuthnot]] at the old fort, as well as the [[Muscogee]] ("Creek") religious leader called [[Francis the Prophet]]. This nearly embroiled the United States in international strife. [[San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park]] interprets the site of the old fort.
Today's St. Marks evidently has its roots in American commercial activity that took hold beneath the walls of the fort upon acquisition of [[Spanish Florida]] by the U.S. in 1821—before the settlement moved slightly up the [[St. Marks River]] to the present position. Various articles in publications like ''Florida Historical Quarterly'' relate how the fort site later held a government "naval" hospital to meet [[yellow fever]] emergencies in the [[merchant marine]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} And just afterward Confederate batteries were established on the site in the Civil War. Their earthworks remain and are interpreted in the historic state park. But the site also exhibits old Spanish stonework, and not far away (though inaccessible), just down [[St. Marks River]] are shallow Spanish quarries where this [[limestone]] was evidently obtained in the 1730s.
Limestone quarried here by the Spanish helped to make the [[St. Marks Light]] lighthouse, constructed about 1830 by the U.S. government.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}} The lighthouse stands, after a couple of reconstructions, at the mouth of the river six miles from town and accessible by road. The lighthouse is, like San Marcos de Apalache, on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].
<blockquote>St. Marks was a seaport for all of Middle Florida and lower Georgia during this early period. [[Ellen Call Long]], on her way to Tallahassee, described the port about 1830 as "a quaint little village, amphibious-like, consisting of a few dwelling houses, stores, etc., mostly built on stilts or piles, as if ready to launch when wind or tide prevailed."<ref>{{cite book
|title=Slavery and plantation growth in Antebellum Florida, 1821-1860
|first=Julia Floyd
|last=Smith
|publisher=[[University of Florida Press]]
|year=2017
|url=http://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/AA/00/06/19/96/00001/9781947372627_Smith.pdf}}</ref></blockquote>
A railroad often cited as Florida's first<ref>{{cite book |last1=Turner |first1=Gregg |title=A Short History of Florida Railroads |date=2003 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |location=Charleston, SC |isbn=978-0738524214 |pages=7–8 |url=https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9780738524214 }}</ref> connected the port of St. Marks with the territorial capital, [[Tallahassee]], some 20 miles inland. The line, the [[Tallahassee Railroad]], was constructed about 1836, and until the Civil War it served in the export of Middle Florida's cotton through St. Marks.
The capacity of the St. Marks port was limited, and it was surpassed in the 19th century by the larger port of [[Apalachicola, Florida|Apalachicola]], served by the [[Thomasville, Tallahassee and Gulf Railroad]] via [[Carrabelle, Florida]].
The '''''City of St. Marks''''' was officially incorporated as a municipality in 1963.<ref name=StMarksInc/>
The now-abandoned rail line serves as [[Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail]], a paved {{convert|16|mile}} bicycle and equestrian trail terminating at the St. Marks waterfront.
On July 10, 2005, the section of the coast was damaged by the big storm surge associated with [[Hurricane Dennis]], severely flooded the town, causing major damage to local businesses and homes. As on other occasions in its history, St. Marks was flooded badly with saltwater.
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1850= 189
|1930= 217
|1970= 366
Line 135 ⟶ 169:
|2000= 272
|2010= 293
|2020= 274
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
St. Marks first appeared in the 1850 U.S. census with a total population of 189.<ref>{{Cite web|title=1850 Census of Population: Florida|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1850/1850a/1850a-32.pdf|access-date=2023-02-24}}</ref>
===2010 and 2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''St. Marks racial composition'''<br> (Hispanics excluded from racial categories)<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')<br>
!Race
!Pop 2010<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - St. Marks city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=St.+Marks+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - St. Marks city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=St.+Marks+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2010
!% 2020
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|284
|242
|96.93%
|88.32%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|5
|4
|1.71%
|1.46%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|1
|0
|0.34%
|0.00%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|1
|3
|0.34%
|1.09%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]] (NH)
|0
|0
|0.00%
|0.00%
|-
|[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some other race]] (NH)
|0
|1
|0.00%
|0.36%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races/Multiracial]] (NH)
|2
|17
|0.68%
|6.20%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|0
|7
|0.00%
|2.55%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''293'''
|'''274'''
|
|
|-
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 274 people, 167 households, and 140 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: St. Marks city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=St.+Marks+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 293 people, 124 households, and 66 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: St. Marks city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=St.+Marks+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2010.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 272 people, 137 households, and 79 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|141.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 168 housing units at an average density of {{convert|87.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 93.75% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 2.57% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.74% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.37% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.10% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.47% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.37% of the population.
In 2000, there were 137 households, out of which 16.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.3% were non-families. 36.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.56.
In 2000, in the city, the population was spread out, with 15.8% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 31.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $25,156, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $25,234 versus $21,458 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,994. About 19.1% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 27.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 6.7% of those 65 or over.
==See also==
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==References==
<references />
{{notelist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.cityofstmarks.com/ Official Website for the City of St. Marks]
{{Commons category}}
{{Wakulla County, Florida}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Marks, Florida}}
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