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{{short description|Component of the US Army and military of the U.S. state of Rhode Island}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Rhode Island Army National Guard
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|image_size= 220px
|caption= Shoulder sleeve insignia of the Rhode Island State Area Command (STARC)
|dates=1638 -– Present
|country= [[United States]]
|allegiance= [[Rhode Island]]
|branch= [[United States Army]]
|type= ARNG Headquarters Command
|role=
|[[File:RI ArmyNG SAC COA.gif|120px]]
|[[File:RI ArmyNG SAC Unit Insignia.gif|120px]]
|size=
|command_structure=[[Rhode Island National Guard]]
|current_commander= Maj. Gen. Christopher Callahan
|garrison= 2841 South County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818
 
|garrison= 645 New London Ave, Cranston, RI 02920
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
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|colors=
|march=
|battles=
|notable_commanders=
|anniversaries=
}}
 
The '''Rhode Island Army National Guard''' (RIARNG) is the land force [[militia]] for the U.S. state of [[Rhode Island]]. It operates under [[Title 10 of the United States Code|Title 10]] and [[Title 32 of the United States Code|Title 32]] of the [[United States Code]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/usc_sup_01_10.html|title=Cornell University Law School -— Title 10 US Code|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/32/usc_sup_01_32.html|title=Cornell University Law School - Title 32 US Code|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-08}}</ref> and operates under the command of the state governor while not in federal service. National Guard units may function [[under arms]] in a state status, therefore they may be called up for active duty by the governor to help respond to domestic emergencies and disasters, such as those caused by hurricanes, floods, or [[Riot|civil unrest]].
 
Units of the Rhode Island Army National Guard may be called up for federal service. If federally activated, units operate as part of the Army National Guard of the United States,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/32/101-|title=Cornell University Law School -– Title 32 US Code: § 101. Definitions|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/12401-|title=Cornell University Law School -– Title 10 US Code: § 12401. Status|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/10105-|title=Cornell University Law School -– Title 10 US Code: § 10105. Composition|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-15}}</ref> a reserve component of the United States Army.
 
The President may also call up members and units of the Rhode Island Army National Guard, with the consent of the state governor, to repel invasion, suppress rebellion, or execute federal laws if the United States or any of its states or territories are invaded or is in danger of invasion by a foreign nation, or if there's a rebellion or danger of a rebellion against the authority of the federal government, or if the President is unable with the regular armed forces to execute the laws of the United States.
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===Colonial era===
 
Note -– Most of the information in this section is taken from ''Civil and Military List of Rhode Island, 1647-18001647–1800'' by Joseph Jencks Smith published in 1900.
 
The Rhode Island National Guard traces it origins to the earliest known colonial defensive force which was formed on May 13, 1638, and called the "Traine Band", in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. The new force was founded as, “Freemen as a militia subject to call and expected to perform certain military duties in the protection of the people.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/army/history/default.aspx|title=History of the Rhode Island Army National Guard|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-08|url-status=dead|archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406200435/http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/army/history/default.aspx|archivedatearchive-date=2009-04-06}}</ref>
 
During the Colonial era, the organization of the '''Rhode Island Militia''' was fairly simple. Each town had at least one militia company commanded by a captain or a lieutenant. In May 1673 future governor [[John Cranston (governor)|John Cranston]] was appointed "captain in chief of the Colony Military Force". In 1675 Cranston was promoted to major.
 
In 1683 the town companies were organized into two regiments -– the Regiment of the Islands (i.e., Newport, Portsmouth, Jamestown and New Shoreham) and the Regiment of the Main (which covered the towns on the mainland of the colony). Each regiment originally was commanded by a major and the two majors presumably reported directly to the governor.
 
In 1714 the Militia of the Island was designated the 1st Regiment and the Militia of the Main Land was designated the 2nd Regiment. The 1st Regiment consisted of six companies and the 2nd Regiment had nine companies. The number of companies in each town varied with its population with Newport and Providence having three apiece. In 1719 the rank of the regimental commanders was increased to colonel.
 
In 1731, a regiment was formed for each of the three then existing counties - Newport, Providence and Kings which were designed the 1st, 2nd and 3d regiments respectively. The Newport County regiment had six companies, Providence County had 13 companies and Kings County had 9 companies.
 
===American Revolution===
The Rhode Island Militia undertook its first military actions against England on July 19, 1769, when they sunk the British schooner [[HMS Liberty (1768)|HMS Liberty]] in [[Newport, Rhode Island]]. Three years later, on the night of June 10, 1772, now under Captain [[Abraham Whipple|Abraham Whipple's]] command, the militia [[Gaspée Affair|seized and burned]] the British schooner {{HMS|Gaspée|1763|6}} in [[Narragansett Bay]]. On April 22, 1775, following the [[Battles of Lexington and Concord]] in Massachusetts, the Rhode Island General Assembly created a 1,500 man "Army of Observation" under the command of Brigadier General [[Nathanael Greene]] and sent them to Boston to serve in the new [[Continental Army]] under General [[George Washington]]. Major General [[James Mitchell Varnum]] was also involved in the war effort. In July 1777, Captain [[William Barton (soldier)|William Barton]], with a hand-picked force, kidnapped British General [[Richard Prescott]] from [[Newport, Rhode Island]] and 3,000 enemy soldiers, in order to have someone high enough to swap to get captured American General [[Charles Lee (general)|Charles Lee]] back from the British.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://allthingsliberty.com/2016/01/the-organization-of-the-rhode-island-militia-1774-1783/|title=Organization of the Rhode Island Militia, 1774-17831774–1783|accessdateaccess-date=August 9, 2019|author=Robertson, John K.}}</ref>
 
Over twenty Rhode Island units had fought for independence including the [[1st Rhode Island Regiment|First Rhode Island Continentals]] who [[Siege of Yorktown|stood]] at [[Yorktown, Virginia|Yorktown]] for the surrender of British General [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Cornwallis]]. After the war, the militia reorganized into five brigades: the Bristol County, the Kent County, the Newport County, the Providence County, and the Washington County Brigades.
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===Vietnam===
 
During the U.S. [[Vietnam warWar|intervention in Vietnam]], the Rhode Island National Guard had two units called into Federal service. The 107th Signal Company was activated on May 13, 1968 and served in the [[Republic of Vietnam]] until October 1969. The [https://web.archive.org/web/20140307020734/http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/army/43mp/115mp/default.aspx 115th Military Police Company] was activated for duty at [[West Point]], NY until December 1969. During this mobilization, individual soldiers from the 115th MP Company were "levied" and sent to serve in Vietnam to replace casualties.
 
===Post-Vietnam===
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From 2003 to 2011 every unit of the Rhode Island National Guard, with the exception of the 88th Army Band and the Joint Forces Headquarters, would be mobilized at least once for service in either Iraq or Afghanistan.
 
According to the RING and RIEMA (Rhode Island Emergency Management Agency) Annual Report 2008, on 6 September 2008, the Headquarters and Headquarters Company of the 103rd Field Artillery Brigade and one of its component units, the 1043rd Maintenance Company, were to inactivate on 6 September 2008.<ref>http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/publicaffairs/Public%20Affairs%20Document%20Library/Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222202229/http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/publicaffairs/Public%20Affairs%20Document%20Library/Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf |date=2014-02-22 }}, p. 33, and {{cite web |url=http://www.blackanthem.com/News/living/Rhode-Island-Artillery-unit-Retire-Thier-Colors_printer.shtml |title=ArchivedRhode copyIsland Artillery unit Retire Thier[sic] Colors |accessdateaccess-date=2014-02-08 |url-status=dead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223023651/http://www.blackanthem.com/News/living/Rhode-Island-Artillery-unit-Retire-Thier-Colors_printer.shtml |archivedatearchive-date=2014-02-23 }}</ref> The other RING unit of the brigade, the 1st Battalion, 103rd Field Artillery (1/103rd FA), was to be reassigned elsewhere. The brigade was originally formed in 1979. The 1043rd Maintenance Company was merged with the 1207th Transportation Company and reorganized as the 1207th Forward Support Company (FSC) which became and integral unit of the 1/103rd FA providing maintenance and logistical support to the battalion.
 
===COVID-19 Pandemic Response Efforts===
[[File:Rhode Island National Guard (49866780841).jpg|thumb|right|National Guard perform multiple tasks at a COVID-19 test site at [[Rhode Island College]] in May 2020]]
During the beginning of the pandemic Governor [[Gina Raimondo]] ordered the Rhode Island National Guard and the [[Rhode Island State Police]] to stop motorists with New York license plates, as well as move door-to-door to find people who may have traveled recently from New York, to ask them to quarantine. Also anyone who had moved from New York state to Rhode Island in the past two weeks were asked to self-quarantine for 14 days in order to help stop the spread of the virus in Rhode Island.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rhode Island police, Guard stopping incoming New Yorkers to force quarantine|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/rhode-island-police-troops-stopping-incoming-new-yorkers-force-quarantine-n1171106|publisher=Phil McCausland|access-date= May 23, 2021|date=May 28, 2020}}</ref>
 
Upon EUA approval of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, the Rhode Island National Guard was called upon by the Governor to develop a task force to plan for and execute the mass vaccination of the state of Rhode Island. From January through June 2021, Task Force Vax oversaw the administration of more than 336,000 vaccines to residents of Rhode Island, accounting for roughly 30% of all vaccinations administered within the state.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rhode Island National Guard helps administer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://turnto10.com/news/local/rhode-island-national-helps-administer-covid-19-vaccine|publisher=Christina Vitale|access-date=22 May 2021|date=14 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rhode Island National Guard helps administer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.providencejournal.com/story/news/columns/2021/02/24/ri-national-guard-makes-sure-vaccine-effort-runs-smoothly/4566828001/|publisher=Mark Patinkin|access-date=22 May 2021|date=24 February 2021}}</ref>
 
== Strategic plan ==
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'''Vision:'''
A ready, relevant, and reliable force of Citizen Soldiers capable of conducting full-spectrum operations in joint and interagency environments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://states.ng.mil/sites/RI/Documents/UPDATED%20-%20Strategic%20Plan%20Command%20Goals%20and%20Objectives.ppt|title= Rhode Island National Guard Strategic Plan 2009-2018|accessdateaccess-date=2009-03-09}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
 
== Units of the Rhode Island Army National Guard circa 2015 ==
* [[File:43MPBdeSSI.svg|30x30px]][[43rd Military Police Brigade]] (43rd MPB)
** Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 43rd Military Police Brigade (43rd MPB) -– Warwick
** [[File:118MPBnDUI.jpg|26x26px]]118th Military Police Battalion (118th MPB)
*** Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment (HHD), 118th Military Police Battalion (118th MPB) -– Warwick
*** 115th Military Police Company (115th MPC) -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
*** 169th Military Police Company (169th MPC) -– Warren
** [[File:103rd Field ARtillery Regiment.jpg|26x26px]][[103rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|1st Battalion, 103rd Field Artillery Regiment]] (1-103rd FAR)
*** Headquarters and Service Battery (HSB) -– Armory of Mounted Commands, Providence
*** Battery A -– Armory of Mounted Commands, Providence
*** Battery B -– North Smithfield
*** Battery C -– Bristol
*** 1207th Forward Support Company (1207th FSC) -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
* [httphttps://ri.ng.mil/armyArmy-Units/56tc/SitePages/Home.aspx 56th Troop Command]
** Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment (HHD), 56th Troop Command -– East Greenwich
** [[File:126 Avn Rgt DUI.png|26x26px]][[1st General Support Aviation Battalion, 126th Aviation Regiment|1st Battalion (General Support), 126th Aviation Regiment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ri.ng.mil/army/56tc/126/SitePages/Home.aspx|title=1st Battalion, 126th Aviation Regiment|publisher=Rhode Island National Guard|date=December 25, 2016|access-date=December 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226054736/http://ri.ng.mil/army/56tc/126/SitePages/Home.aspx|archive-date=December 26, 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> -– Quonset Point
*** Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC)
**** Detachment 1
*** Company A
*** Company D
**** Detachment 1 at Quonset Armory
*** Company E
**** Detachment 1 at Quonset Armory
*** Company F (UH-60A)
**** Detachment 2 at Quonset Armory
** Detachment 23, Operational Support Airlift Command -– Quonset Point
** [[File:United States Army Special Forces SSI (1958-2015).png|39x39px]]Company A, 2nd Battalion, [[19th Special Forces Group]] -– Middletown
** [[File:182 Inf Rgt DUI.jpg|28x28px]]Company A, 1st Battalion, [[182nd Infantry Regiment]] -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
** [[File:143 Inf Rgt DUI.png|30x30px]][http://ri.ng.mil/army/56tc/143/SitePages/Home.aspx Company C], 1st Battalion (Airborne), [[143rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|143rd Infantry Regiment]] -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
** 861st Engineer Company -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
** 88th Army Band -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
* 56th Quartermaster Rigger Support Team
 
Independent Units:
* Special Operations Detachment -– Global (SOD-G) -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
* 13th Civil Support Team (WMD) -– Camp Fogarty, East Greenwich
* RIARNG Recruiting and Retention Command -– Cranston
* [[243rd Coast Artillery (United States)|243d Regiment (Regional Training Institute)]] -– Camp Varnum, Narragansett
* Rhode Island Medical CommandDetachment -– NorthProvidence, KingstownRI
* 110th [[Public affairs (military)|Public Affairs Detachment]] -– Cranston
 
==Adjutants General of Rhode Island==
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* Major General Peter Leo Cannon, 19 February 1941 – 9 August 1945
* Major General [[Leonard Holland]], January 1961 – August 1983 (longest serving Adjutant General of Rhode Island)
* Major General John W. Kiely,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/jwkiely.htm|title=John W. Kiely|website=Arlington Cemetery}}</ref> 1983–1990
* Major General N. Andre Trudeau, 1990–1995
* Major General Reginald Centracchio,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://capitolwords.org/date/2005/09/13/S9982_recognition-of-the-retirement-of-major-general-reg/| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221134032/http://capitolwords.org/date/2005/09/13/S9982_recognition-of-the-retirement-of-major-general-reg/| url-status=dead| archive-date=2013-12-21|title=Reginald Centracchio}}</ref> 1 August 1995 – 1 September 2005
* Major General Robert T. Bray,<ref>[http://www.nationalguard.mil/portals/31/Features/ngbgomo/bio/9/981.html Robert T. Bray]</ref> 17 February 2006 – 1 July 2011
* Major General Kevin R. McBride,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.nationalguard.mil/portals/31/Features/ngbgomo/bio/1/1134.html|title=Kevin R. McBride}}</ref> 1 July 2011 – June 2015
* BrigadierMajor General Christopher P. Callahan, 5 August 2015 – present<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalguard.mil/portals/31/Features/ngbgomo/bio/2/2881.html|title=Major General Christopher P. Callahan|website=National Guard Portals|accessdateaccess-date=August 9, 2019}}</ref>
 
==See also==
* [[Rhode Island Air National Guard]]
*[[Militia]]
* [[Rhode Island Air NationalNaval GuardMilitia]]
* [[Rhode Island NavalState MilitiaGuard]]
* [[Rhode Island StateIndependent Military GuardOrganizations]]
* [[List of United States militia units in the American Revolutionary War]]
 
==References==
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island_Army_National_Guard"