Content deleted Content added
m Dating maintenance tags: {{Sources}} |
ElijahPepe (talk | contribs) Nonsense. |
||
(4 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) | |||
Line 175:
====Labor unions====
[[File:
Unions grew rapidly after 1935 with political and legal support from the national [[New Deal]] and its [[Wagner Act]] of 1935. The most serious strike came in 1934 along the state's ports. In May 1934, dock workers and [[longshoremen]] along the West Coast [[Strike action|went on strike]] for better hours and pay, a union hiring hall and a coast-wide contract. [[Communist party|Communists]] were in control of the union, the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA), led by [[Harry Bridges]] (1901–1990).<ref name="RWCherny">{{cite journal |title=Prelude to the Popular Front: The Communist Party in California, 1931–35 |first=Robert W. |last=Cherny |date=2002 |journal=[[American Communist History]] |volume=1 |number=1 |pages=5–42 |doi=10.1080/1474389022000014726|s2cid=144272424 }}</ref>
Line 529:
One of the first confirmed COVID-19 cases in the United States that occurred in California was first of which was confirmed on January 26, 2020.<ref name="Wheeler2">{{cite news|last=Wheeler|first=Ian|date=February 4, 2020|title=Orange County coronavirus patient released, in good condition, health officials say|work=Orange County Register|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/|url-status=live|access-date=February 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205195530/https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/|archive-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref name="uk.reuters.com2">{{cite web|date=February 2, 2020|title=Ninth case of fast-moving coronavirus confirmed in U.S.|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203011127/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P|archive-date=February 3, 2020|access-date=February 3, 2020|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Meaning, all of the early confirmed cases were persons who had recently travelled to China in Asia, as testing was restricted to this group. On this January 29, 2020, as disease containment protocols were still being developed, the U.S. [[US Department of State|Department of State]] evacuated 195 persons from Wuhan, China aboard a chartered flight to [[March Air Reserve Base]] in [[Riverside County, California|Riverside County]], and in this process, it may have granted and conferred to escalated within the land and the US at cosmic.<ref name="reuters-evac-cv2">{{cite web|last1=Beech|first1=Eric|last2=Gorman|first2=Steve|date=February 6, 2020|title=Two more U.S. evacuation planes leave coronavirus epicenter Wuhan|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216045906/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M|archive-date=February 16, 2020|access-date=February 15, 2020|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Diamond|first=Dan|title=U.S. handling of American evacuees from Wuhan increased coronavirus risks, watchdog finds|language=en-US|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/01/28/wuhan-americans-evacuation/|access-date=2021-02-25|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> On February 5, 2020, the U.S. evacuated 345 more citizens from Hubei Province to two military bases in California, [[Travis Air Force Base]] in [[Solano County, California|Solano County]] and [[Marine Corps Air Station Miramar]], [[San Diego]], where they were quarantined for 14 days.<ref name="reuters-evac-cv2" /><ref name=":02">{{cite news|date=February 5, 2020|title=Hundreds of Americans Were Evacuated From the Coronavirus Epicenter. Now Comes the Wait.|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206130218/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html|archive-date=February 6, 2020}}</ref> A [[State of emergency#United States|state of emergency]] was largely declared in this state of the nation on March 4, 2020, having been terminated on February 28, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-02-28|title=California Governor Gavin Newsom terminates state of emergency|url=https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/02/28/governor-newsom-marks-end-of-californias-covid-19-state-of-emergency/|access-date=2023-10-11|website=Office of the Governor of the State of California|language=en-US}}</ref> A mandatory statewide [[stay-at-home order]] was issued on March 19, 2020, due to increase, which was ended on January 25, 2021, allowing citizens to return to normal life.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-26|title=California Governor Gavin Newsom lifts virus stay-at-home orders|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-24|website=CBS News|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126123803/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/ |archive-date=January 26, 2021 }}</ref> On April 6, 2021, the state announced plans to fully reopen the economy by June 15, 2021.<ref name="REOPENING">{{cite news |last1=Money |first1=Luke |last2=Luna |first2=Taryn |title=California aims to fully reopen its economy June 15 |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-04-06/california-aims-to-fully-reopen-the-economy-june-15 |access-date=6 April 2021}}</ref>
The [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States]] has accelerated the continuing exodus of business from the entire downtown core of San Francisco.<ref name="DowntownSanFranciscoDying">{{cite news |author=San Francisco Chronicle Editorial Board |date=August 21, 2022 |title=Downtown San Francisco is dying. This bill could help save it |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/editorials/article/Downtown-San-Francisco-bill-economy-17383169.php |accessdate=December 17, 2022}}</ref><ref name=SanFranExodus>{{cite news|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/sf-covid-recovery-nyc-17365339.php|title=New York is roaring back from the worst of the pandemic. Why isn't San Francisco?|author=Roland Li|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|date=August 13, 2022|access-date=February 24, 2023}}</ref><ref name=SanFranEmptiestDowntownInAmerica>{{cite news |title=What Comes Next for the Most Empty Downtown in America |author=Conor Dougherty |author2=Emma Goldberg |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/17/business/economy/california-san-francisco-empty-downtown.html |newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 17, 2022|url-access=subscription |access-date=December 17, 2022 |quote=On any given week in San Francisco, office buildings are at about 40 percent of their prepandemic occupancy.}}</ref> Significantly high levels of crime, open-air drug use, [[homelessness]], and closed storefronts have become more prominent features of Union Square.<ref name=UnionSquareSanFranDying>{{cite web |url=https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/sf-union-square-walgreens-closure-18440152.php|author=Sam Mauhay-Moore|publisher=Hearst Corporation|title=Walgreens in San Francisco's Union Square to close by next month|quote=The store's closure follows that of several retail establishments around Union Square, including Express, Anthropologie, Gap and CB2.|date=October 21, 2023|access-date=October 22, 2023}}</ref>{{explain|date=April 2024}}
==See also==
Line 569 ⟶ 557:
* Pitt, Leonard, and Dale Pitt. ''Los Angeles A to Z: An Encyclopedia of the City and County'' (2000)
* Rawls, James J. ed. ''New Directions in California History: A Book of Readings'' (1988)
* {{cite book |last1=Rawls |first1=James |last2=Bean |first2=Walton |year=2003 |title=California: An Interpretive History |publisher=McGraw-Hill |edition=8th |isbn=0-07-052411-4 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/californiainterp00rawl}}
* Rice, Richard B., William A. Bullough, and Richard J. Orsi. ''Elusive Eden: A New History of California'' 3rd ed. (2001)
* Rolle, Andrew F. ''California: A History'' 6th ed. (2003)
|