Content deleted Content added
m clean up, typo(s) fixed: ’s → 's |
Lcmortensen (talk | contribs) |
||
(28 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown) | |||
Line 39:
| ethnic_groups =
}}
The '''North Island''', also officially named '''''Te Ika-a-Māui''''',<ref>{{cite news |title=Two official options for NZ island names |url= https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11138153
Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are [[Whangārei]], [[Auckland]], [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]], [[Tauranga]], [[Rotorua]], [[Gisborne, New Zealand|Gisborne]], [[New Plymouth]], [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]], [[Hastings, New Zealand|Hastings]], [[Whanganui]], [[Palmerston North]], and New Zealand's capital city [[Wellington]], which is located at the south-west tip of the island.
Line 45:
==Naming and usage==
Although the island has been known as the North Island for many years,
In prose, the two main islands of New Zealand are called ''the North Island'' and ''the South Island'', with the definite article.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Williamson |first1=Maurice |title=Names of NZ's two main islands formalised |url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/names-nz%E2%80%99s-two-main-islands-formalised |website=Beehive.govt.nz |publisher=New Zealand Government |access-date=10 April 2020 |date=11 October 2013}}</ref>
==Māori mythology==
Line 53:
According to [[Māori mythology]], the North and South Islands of New Zealand arose through the actions of the [[demigod]] [[Māui (Māori mythology)|Māui]]. Māui and his brothers were fishing from their canoe (the South Island) when he caught a great fish and pulled it right up from the sea. While he was not looking, his brothers fought over the fish and chopped it up. This great fish became the North Island, and thus a Māori name for the North Island is Te Ika-a-Māui ("The Fish of Māui").<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names |title=1000 Māori place names |publisher=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage |date=6 August 2019}}</ref> The mountains and valleys are believed to have been formed as a result of Māui's brothers' hacking at the fish.
During [[James Cook|Captain James Cook]]'s [[First voyage of James Cook|voyage between 1769 and 1770]], Tahitian navigator [[Tupaia (navigator)|Tupaia]] accompanied the circumnavigation of New Zealand. The maps described the North Island as "[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Cook_new_zealand.jpg Ea Heinom Auwe]" and "[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/CookchartNorthIsland.jpg Aeheinomowe]", which recognises the "Fish of Māui" element.
Another Māori name that was given to the North Island, but is now used less commonly, is [[Aotearoa]]. Use of Aotearoa to describe the North Island fell out of favour in the early 20th century, and it is now a collective Māori name for New Zealand as a whole.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-02 |title=Ngāi Tahu leader: Let's not rush name change |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/452781/ngai-tahu-leader-let-s-not-rush-name-change |access-date=2022-09-26 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=McLintock |first1=Alexander Hare |last2=James Oakley Wilson |first2=D. S. C. |last3=Taonga |first3=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu |title=AOTEAROA |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/aotearoa |access-date=2021-11-19 |website=An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966. |language=en}}</ref>
== Geography ==
{{main|Geography of the North Island}}
[[File:New Zealand North Island.png|thumb|The North Island, in relation to the South Island and Stewart Island]]
Line 110 ⟶ 111:
The North Island has an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2018|North Island regions|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2018|||y}}.{{NZ population data 2018||||y}}
The North Island had a population of 3,808,005 at the [[2023 New Zealand census]], an increase of 213,453 people (5.9%) since the [[2018 New Zealand census|2018 census]], and an increase of 570,957 people (17.6%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]]. Of the total population, 733,893 people (19.3%) were aged under 15 years, 743,154 (19.5%) were 15 to 29, 1,721,427 (45.2%) were 30 to 64, and 609,534 (16.0%) were 65 or older.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |title=2023 Census population counts (by ethnic group, age, and Māori descent) and dwelling counts {{!}} Stats NZ |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2023-census-population-counts-by-ethnic-group-age-and-maori-descent-and-dwelling-counts/ |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=www.stats.govt.nz}}</ref>
Ever since the conclusion of the [[Otago Gold Rush|Otago Goldrush]] in the 1860s, New Zealand's European population growth has experienced a steady [[Drift to the north|'Northern drift']] as population centres in the North Island have grown faster than those of New Zealand's South Island. This population trend has continued into the twenty-first century, but at a much slower rate. While the North Island's population continues to grow faster than the South Island, this is solely due to the North Island having higher natural increase (i.e. births minus deaths) and international migration; since the late 1980s, the internal migration flow has been from the North Island to the South Island.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-26 |title=New Zealand's population is drifting north |url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/mythbusters/the-drift-north.aspx |access-date=2021-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126205920/http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/mythbusters/the-drift-north.aspx |archive-date=26 January 2015}}</ref> In the year to June 2020, the North Island gained 21,950 people from natural increase and 62,710 people from international migration, while losing 3,570 people from internal migration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Subnational population component changes and median age (RC, TA), at 30 June === Culture and identity ===
At the
Māori form the majority in three districts of the North Island: [[Kawerau]] (63.2%), [[Ōpōtiki District|Ōpōtiki]] (66.2%) and [[Wairoa District|Wairoa]] (68.5%). Europeans formed the plurality in the Auckland region (49.8%) and are the majority in the remaining 39 districts.<ref name=":03" />
The proportion of North Islanders born overseas
===Cities and towns===
Line 250 ⟶ 255:
==Economy==
The sub-national GDP of the North Island was estimated at
== Governance ==
Line 270 ⟶ 275:
==Healthcare==
{{See also|
Healthcare in the North Island is provided by fifteen [[District Health Board (New Zealand)|District Health Boards (DHBs)]]. Organised around geographical areas of varying population sizes, they are not coterminous with the [[Regions of New Zealand|Local Government Regions]].
Line 319 ⟶ 324:
|-
| [[Mid Central District Health Board]] (Te Pae Hauora o Ruahine o Tararua)
| [[Palmerston North City]], [[Horowhenua District]], [[
| 158,838
|-
Line 327 ⟶ 332:
|-
| [[Hutt Valley District Health Board]] (Healthy People)
| [[Lower Hutt
| 145,000
|-
| [[Capital and Coast District Health Board]] (Upoko ki te Uru Hauora)
| [[Wellington City]], [[Porirua City]], part of [[
| 270,000
|-
|