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{{Short description|Fiddle from northeastern Brazil, northern Portugal and Cape Verde}}
{{Infobox Instrument
|name= Rabeca
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}}
The '''rabeca''' or '''rabeca chuleira''' is a [[fiddle]] originating in [[Portugal]], commonly used in
==History==
The rabeca is thought to have originated in the [[Entre-Douro-e-Minho]] region of northern Portugal, especially in the areas around [[Amarante, Portugal|Amarante]] during the 18th century. Rabeca have also [[sephardic]] origins.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gaitadefoles.net/tocardeouvido/2007/rabeca.htm|title = Tocar de Ouvido - Associação Gaita de Foles}}</ref>
In the Portuguese tradition, the ''rabeca chuleira'' is a short-scale variation played in village bands alongside [[guitar]]s or ''[[viola braguesa]]'', [[drum]]s, [[triangle (music)|triangle]] and, now occasionally, the ''[[gaita transmontana]]'' or the [[galician bagpipe]]. The repertoire consists of the 2/2 ''[[chula (music)|chula]]'' and 3/4 ''[[chamarrita]]''.<ref>http://cim09.lam.jussieu.fr/CIM09-fr/Actes_files/62A-Piedade-Fiammenghi.pdf{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
In Portugal, the ''rabeca chuleira'' (also known as ''rabeca rabela'', ''chula de Amarante'', ''chula de Penafiel'' or ''ramaldeira'' depending on the region it is played with very little variation) is still widely associated with the people of [[Minho Province|Minho]], [[Douro Litoral]] and, to some extent, [[Beira Litoral Province|Beira Litoral]]. However, it doesn't have an important popularity in the rest of the country and it has been slowly replaced by the violin in Portuguese folklore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaTaolCE250|title=- YouTube|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref>
In the Brazilian tradition, the ''rabeca chuleira'' is simply called ''rabeca'' and is not a short-scale instrument unlike its Portuguese cousin. The Portuguese ''viola braguesa'' finds a counterpart in its Brazilian cousin, the ''[[viola caipira]]''. In forró music, the rabeca is typically accompanied by [[accordion]], [[zabumba]] drum, and triangle. The three primary dance rhythms of forró are the 4/4 ''[[xote]]'', ''[[baião (music)|baião]]'', and ''arrasta-pé''.
==Tuning==
The short-scale rabeca chuleira from Portugal is tuned an octave above the [[violin]]. The Brazilian rabeca, on the other hand, plays in the same range as a violin, but may be tuned in [[perfect fourth|fourths]] or [[perfect fifth|fifths]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tamborileros.com/tradiberia/e_cordfon1.htm|title = Instrumentos Tradicionales Ibricos}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.maestronet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=321387|title = Brazilian Rabeca}}</ref>
==See also==
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