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{{Short description|Naval defence company based in France}}
{{Expand French|DCNS|topic=transport|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Naval Group
| logo = Naval Group Logologo.pngsvg
| logo_size = 200px
| logo_padding =
| logo_alt =
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| predecessor = Direction des Constructions Navales
| founded = {{start date and age|1631}}
| founder = French government under [[Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu]]
| hq_location_city = [[Paris]], [[Île-de-France]]
| hq_location_country = [[France]]
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| key_people = [[Pierre-Eric Pommellet]] ([[CEO]])
| products = [[Warship]]s, [[shipboard weapon]]s, [[offshore engineering]], [[nuclear engineering]] marine renewable energies
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]34.712007 billion<ref name=":0" />
| revenue_year = 20192022
| operating_income = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]542.9 million<ref name=":0" />
| income_year = 2022
| net_income = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]188327.28 million<ref name=":0" />
| net_income_year = 20192022
| assets = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]6.711 billion<ref name=":0" />
| equity assets_year = 2022
| equity = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]1.598 billion<ref name=":0" />
| owner = [[Agence des participations de l'État|APE]]: 62.49%<br />[[Thales Group|Thales]]: 35%<br>Company & employees: 2.51%▼
| num_employeesequity_year = 15 168= 2022
▲| owner = [[Agence des participations de l'État|APEFrench state]]: 62.49%<br />[[Thales Group|Thales]]: 35%<br />Company & employees: 2.51%
| num_employees_year = 2019▼
| num_employees = 14,182<ref name=":0" />
▲| num_employees_year = 20192022
| footnotes =
| subsid = Naval Energies, Sirehna, Kership
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}}
 
'''Naval Group''' is a major French industrial [[Corporate group|group]] specializing in [[navy|naval]] [[defense industry|defense]] design, development and [[shipbuilding|construction]]. Its headquarters are located in [[Paris]].
'''Naval Group''' (formerly known as '''Direction des Constructions Navales''' or '''DCNS''') is a global and major [[France|French]] [[:Category:Defence companies of France|defense contractor]] and an industrial [[Corporate group|group]] that specialized in naval-based defense. The group employs nearly 16,000 people in 18 countries. The company is owned in part by the [[Agence des participations de l'État]], a private company through which the French state holds a 62.49% stake, [[Thales Group|Thales]] holds 35% and the personnel holds a 1.64% stake. The remaining 0.87% are owned by the heir to the French naval dockyards and the ''Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales'' (DCAN), which became the DCN (''Direction des Constructions Navales'') in 1991, DCNS in 2007 and Naval Group since 2017.
 
Heir to the French naval dockyards initiated in 1631 by [[Cardinal Richelieu]] and to the '''Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales''' (''DCAN''), which became '''Direction des Constructions Navales''' (''DCN'') in 1991 and then '''DCNS''' in 2007, the company was rebranded ''Naval Group'' in 2017. Its two main shareholders are the [[Agence des participations de l'État|French State]] (62.25%) and [[Thales Group]] (35%).<ref name=":0" />
In 2007, DCN acquired the French naval activities branch of Thales, Armaris, a former subsidiary that was equally shared between DCN and Thales, and MOPA2, the company in charge of the project to build a second aircraft carrier. To stress its new identity, the resulting group was named DCNS. Thales acquired a 25% stake in the group's capital. In 2011, Thales increased its share of DCNS' capital to 35%.[8]
 
Construction of the stealthy multi-function frigates (FREMM) started in 2007. In 2008, an aerial drone landed on the deck of a frigate at sea for the first time in history. In 2013, the group set up DCNS Research to promote its research activities
Naval Group employs 14,182 people<ref name=":0" /> across 18 countries.
 
==History==
[[File:Champaigne portrait richelieu eb.jpg|thumb|[[Cardinal Richelieu]] (1585-1642), founder]]
Naval Group has a heritage of almost 400 years. Major shipyards were built in France in Brest (1631), Nantes-Indret (1771), Lorient (1778) and, subsequently, in Cherbourg (1813). Others were to follow. As early as 1926, what we know as the Naval Group today already had all the facilities now owned by the group in mainland France.
 
===The birth of the naval dockyards===
In 1624, [[Cardinal Richelieu]], who was King [[Louis XIII of France]]'s Prime Minister at the time, devised a naval policy that provided for the development of the dockyards in ordermeant to giveexpand France sufficient's maritime power to rival that of Englandcapabilities. This policy was implementedput into practice from 1631, with the creation of the Ponant fleet in the Atlantic and the [[Levant fleet]] in the Mediterranean, the foundation of the [[Brest, dockyardsFrance|Brest]] anddockyards as well as the extension of the [[Toulon]] dockyards, createdbuilt under King [[Henri IV of France|Henri IV]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asnom.org/oh/en/0210_historique.php?PHPSESSID=ae629fb09017c051eba6ce41ae8fd119#a|title=ASNOM - Association Amicale Santé Navale et d'Outre Mer|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>
 
The policy was continued by Colbert, [[Louis XIV]]'s Navy Minister, who developed several major dockyards. He extended the dockyards in Toulon, ordered the excavation of the docks in Brest and founded the [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] dockyards. His son, [[Seignelay]], who succeeded him in 1683, followed in his footsteps.<ref>[http://www.ecole-navale.fr/History-of-the-French-naval.htm - Extension on the French dockyards]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
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===Industrialisation and technical innovations===
 
During the 19th century, the naval dockyards underwent a transformation as the fleet of sailing ships wasand were replaced by motorised vessels. The sites were industrialised and gradually specialised. In 1865, the naval dockyards in Brest became exclusively military, with the closure of the [[Penfeld]] port to commercial vessels. In 1898, after specialising in the building of vessels with propellers rather than sails, the shipyards in Cherbourg were tasked exclusively with the construction of submarines. Finally, in 1927, a decree definitively laid out the missions of the various naval dockyards:<ref>Decree of 22 avril 1927 on the Navy's organization, Journal Officiel de la République Française, 1927</ref> Brest and Lorient were tasked with the construction of large vessels, Cherbourg with building submarines, while Toulon, [[Bizerte]] and [[Saigon]] took charge of the maintenance of the fleet.
 
This rationalisation of the roles of the naval dockyards was accompanied by technical and military innovations and the production of vessels at a higher pace, against the backdrop of an arms race and colonisation. In 1858, {{ship|French ironclad|Gloire||2}}, the first ocean-going battleship in the world sailed out of the dockyards in Toulon. The 1860s saw the arrival of the first torpedo boats and military submarines, with the launch of {{ship|French submarine|Plongeur||2}} in 1863. The technical problems experienced by this first-ever motorised submarine meant that it remained a prototype rather than an operational war vessel. But it did open the way for the construction of {{ship|French submarine|Gymnote|Q1|2}} in 1886 and ''Le Narval'' in 1899, which were the first operational torpedo submarines in history.
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===Transformation into a company===
The international economic climate and decolonisation in the 1970s lead the DCAN to venture into new markets. The loss of the overseas naval dockyards was compounded by the [[French Navy]]'s reduced needsneed for vessels and the increased difficulty in obtaining funding. This trend gathered more pace after the end of the [[Cold War]], despite the diversification of the DCAN activities, which now included maintaining the electric power network and clearing mines from the coastline. Some sites also specialised in civilian projects: Brest built trucks, Guérigny made agricultural machinery and Toulon produced civilian vessels (yachts, liners).
 
But, looking beyond the order books, it was the public status of the DCAN that was gradually called into question, and it came to be considered as an administrative obstacle to the development of the potential of France's naval dockyards.
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In 2007, DCN acquired the French naval activities branch of [[Thales Group|Thales]], Armaris, a former subsidiary that was equally shared between DCN and Thales, and MOPA2, the company in charge of the project to build a second aircraft carrier. To stress its new identity, the resulting group was named DCNS. Thales acquired a 25% stake in the group's capital. In 2011, Thales increased its share of DCNS' capital to 35%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-World-Defence-Industry/DCNS-France.html|title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>
 
Construction of the stealthy multi-function frigates ([[FREMM]]) started in 2007. In 2008, an aerial [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|drone]] landed on the deck of a frigate at sea for the first time in history. In 2013, the group set up DCNS Research to promote its research activities. DCNS India, today Naval Group India was founded in 2008, thanks to two contracts signed in 2005 and 2008 for the delivery of six conventional Scorpène-class submarines. Similarly, in 2013, a submarine construction site was opened in Brazil. The group created the DCNS University in 2013 to deliver internal and external training.On 28 June 2017, DCNS changed its name to Naval Group.
 
On 28 June 2017, DCNS changed its name to Naval Group.
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===Naval defence===
Naval Group designs, develops and manages the operational readiness of surface and underwater naval systems, and of their associated systems and infrastructures. As a project manager and integrator of armed vessels, Naval Group intervenes all along the value chain, from strategic programme planning, to design, construction and the management of operational readiness.
 
The group works with the [[French navy]] and other navies, for conventional products, and with the authorisation of the French government. It also offers its military expertise to the [[French Air Force]] to design automated navigation and combat systems, and to renovate aircraft.
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* Aircraft carriers: {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle}}
* Helicopter carriers: {{sclass|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|0}} LHD
* Multi-mission frigates: [[FREMM]]-class frigates & [[Frégate de défense et d'intervention]]-class frigates (planned);<ref name="defense">{{cite web |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/equipement/naval/les-fregates-de-defense-et-intervention-fdi |title=Les frégates de défense et intervention (FDI) |work=https://defense.gouv.fr |date=6 April 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[La Fayette-class frigate]]
* Multi-mission frigates: Design of [[Second Generation Patrol Vessel]] for the [[Royal Malaysian Navy]], based on the {{sclass2|Gowind|corvette}}
* Air defence frigates: {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate}}s
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| publisher = Lancer
| contribution-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eczx0ZixNLEC&q=%22SMX-25%22+-mg&pg=PA70
| isbn= 9788170621829 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation
{{Citation
| last = Ryabov
| first = Kirill
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| date = 10 January 2012
| language = ru
| url = http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/ }}</ref>
| access-date = 18 April 2017
| archive-date = 24 March 2013
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130324112619/http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
* Suffren class: Nuclear submarines: nuclear attack submarines Rubis class and Barracuda class : [[Barracuda-class submarine (France)|Barracuda (class Suffren)]]
* [[F21 (torpedo)|F21]] heavy-weight torpedoes
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===Energy and marine infrastructures===
The group collaborates with [[Électricité de France|EDF]]{{clarify|date=September 2014}}, the [[Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|CEA]] and [[AREVA]] in the construction of EPR power plants and the maintenance of nuclear power plants. Naval Group also builds thermal electric power plants and naval bases. The group designed the electric power plants in Mayotte, La Réunion and Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Since 2008, they have been studying a concept of a small [[nuclear power plant]] (50 to 250 MWe) named [[Flexblue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html{{dead link|title=Le réacteur sous-marin, nouveau fleuron de l'industrie nucléaire française? - LeMonde.fr |website=www.lemonde.fr |access-date=December22 2017May 2022 |botarchive-url=InternetArchiveBothttps://web.archive.org/web/20110131022956/http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html |fixarchive-attempteddate=yes31 January 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The project was put on hold in 2014.
 
Naval Group was investing in four renewable marine technologies: wave ernegyenergy, [[marine current turbines]], ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), and floating wind turbines. Naval created Naval Energies in 2017. Since it gained control of the Irish company OpenHydro in 2013, Naval Group has been able to progress from the research and development phase to industrial production.<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|title= DCNS prend le contrôle d'Openhydro|work= Mer et Marine|year = 2013|url= http://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/dcns-prend-le-controle-dopenhydro}}</ref> In 2021, Naval Group stopsstopped the Naval Energies activities in 2021.
 
==Corporate responsibility==
Naval Group operates several programmes to promote training and professional integration. The group has signed the ''Pacte PME'', which fosters relations between large companies and smaller enterprises and sets up partnerships with leading universities and academic institutions. Between 2006 and 2013, DCNS organised the ''Trophée Poséidon'' for students in engineering schools, which rewarded student projects in the fields of innovation and the maritime environment.
 
Between 2008 and 2014, Naval Group also ran a professional integration programme for both persons with a technical qualificationqualifications and persons without any qualifications, called the ''Filières du Talent''. In 2010, this programme was rewarded by the ''Trophée national 2010 de l’entreprise citoyenne''.<ref>{{Cite web|language= fr|title= DCNS reçoit le Trophée National de l'Entreprise Citoyenne|url = http://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/dcns-recoit-le-trophee-national-de-lentreprise-citoyenne|work = Mer et Marine|date= 6 December 2010|access-date = 2014-09-18}}</ref>
 
DCNS has also been involved in the world of yachting for many years by sharing its technologies and through its sponsoring and mentoring activities. The group is a partner of the ''Grand-Prix de l'[[École Navale]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|title = Partners|url = http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html|work = GPEN|access-date = 2014-09-18|archive-date = 6 October 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065648/http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html|url-status = dead}}</ref> a regatta that has been held near the Crozon peninsula since 2001. It has also been a partner of the ''Pôle France Voile'' in Brest since 2007, and works for the professional integration of former sportsmen and sportswomen.
 
In 2008, DCNS built the single-hull [[DCNS 1000]], a yacht designed for round-the-world races, which featured in the 2013 film ''[[En Solitaire]]'', by [[Christophe Offenstein]], starring [[François Cluzet]].
 
Today, Naval Group also shared its technical expertise in composites for hulls and in navigation systems by building the experimental trimaran ''L'[[Hydroptère]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|language= fr|title= l'Hydroptère DCNS Hydrofoil Sailboat|url = http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/lhydroptre-dcns-hydrofoil-sailboat/|work = Ship Technology|access-date = 2014-09-18}}</ref> and it partnered with the [[Areva Challenge]] team that took part in the [[Americas Cup]] in 2007.
The Naval Group industrial site in Toulon has been a partner of [[RC Toulonnais|Toulon rugby club]] since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|language=fr |title=Partenariat DCNS |url=http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |work=RC Toulon |access-date=2014-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924042117/http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |archive-date=24 September 2014}}</ref>
 
==Organisation==
Naval Group is a private limited company in which the [[France|French state]] holds a 62.49% stake. The Thales groups holds 35% of the capital, and the remaining 2.51% areis made up of company & employeesemployee [[shareholdings|shares]]. At the end of 2016, Naval Group employed 12,771 people, more than half of whom are private sector workers, while the other half are [[public sector]] workers. The group is present in 18 countries and has entered several partnerships outside France through its subsidiaries and joint ventures.
 
===Governance===
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{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! 2012 !! 2013 !! 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2019 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2019 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>!! 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2020 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2020 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
! !! 2012 !! 2013 !! 2019
!2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2021 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2021 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
!2022<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2022 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2022 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| Turnover (billion €) || 3.36 || 2.93 || 3,7.6 || 3.3
|4.0
|4.0
|-
| Firm orders (billion €) || 2.53 || 2.27 || 5,.3 || 3.4
|3.0
|5.6
|-
| Order book (billion €) || 14.46 || 13.22 || 15,06.01 || 15.2
|14.0
|15.3
|-
| Operating profit (million €) || 208.5 || 166.4 || 265,9261.6 || 3.3
|232.7
|-
|96.8
| Net profit (million €)|| 163.7 || 104.1 || 178,2▼
|-
▲| Net profit (million €)|| 163.7 || 104.1 || 178,145.2 || -56.3
|192.5
|327.8
|}
 
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====Europe-Middle East====
*France:
**Sirehna, a 100% owned subsidiary: naval hydrodynamics, navigation solutions{{what|date=May 2024}} for ships and landing solutions{{what|date=May 2024}} for marine, land or aerial vehicles and drones
**Défense Environnement Services, a 49%-owned subsidiary, in partnership with Veolia Environnement: multi-service infrastructures{{clarify|date=September 2018}}
**Kership, a 45%-owned partnership, with Piriou: medium-tonnage vessels for the French state
* The Netherlands:
**Naval Group BV Den Haag, Naval Group Far East is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.: In Belgium: o Naval Group Belgium is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
*Belgium:
**Naval Group Belgium is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
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**Naval Group Far East, a 100% owned subsidiary: logistics and maintenance for naval and air and sea systems
* Australia
**Naval Group Australia, a 100% owned subsidiary: awarded SEA1000 contract in 2016 as DCNS Australia by the [[Government of Australia|Australian Government]]. Responsible for the design of [[Attack-class submarine|twelve future submarines]] for the [[Royal Australian Navy]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204073921/http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2015-12-04|title=History - DCNS Australia|work=DCNS Australia|access-date=2017-03-04|language=en-US}}</ref> The contract was cancelled in September 2021.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-09-16/australia-nuclear-submarine-partnership-us-uk/100465814 |title=Australia to acquire nuclear submarine fleet as part of historic partnership with US and UK to counter China's influence |firstfirst1=Greg |lastlast1=Jennett |first2=Jake |last2=Evans |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=16 September 2021 |access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref>
 
====Americas====
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**Naval Group Technologies Canada Inc, a 100% owned subsidiary: the group's sales office in Canada
 
== ControversyControversies ==
{{Expand French|Affaire des frégates de Taïwan|topic=gov|date=January 2015}}
The DCN / DCNS plays a major role in "one of France's biggest political and financial scandals of the last generation [that left] a trail of eight unexplained deaths, nearly half a billion dollars in missing cash and troubling allegations of government complicity" connected to a [[LaKang FayetteDing-class frigate#Taiwan frigates scandal|sale of warships to Taiwan]] in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Hugh |last=Schofield |author-link=Hugh Schofield |url=http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3244148.stm |title=Book delves into frigate scandal |date=1 December 2003 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=29 January 2015 |archive-date=14 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714070546/http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3244148.stm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
[[File:Tun Razak.JPG|thumbnail|Scorpène-class submarine before delivery to Malaysia]]
 
Apart from the issues surrounding the sale of ships to Taiwan mentioned above, French prosecutors started investigating a wide range of corruption charges in 2010 involving different submarine sales, with possible bribery and kickbacks to top officials in France. In particular interest by the prosecutors are sales of Scorpène-class submarines to countries like India and Malaysia.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2406&Itemid=178 |title=Asia Sentinel - Malaysia's Submarine Scandal Surfaces in France] |access-date=12 December 2011 |archive-date=6 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706041353/http://www.asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2406&Itemid=178 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The investigation in Malaysia has been prompted by human rights group [[Suaram]] as it involved Prime Minister [[Najib Tun Razak]] when he was defence minister and his friend [[Abdul Razak Baginda]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=French legal team in Malaysia to probe sub deal |date=28 April 2010 |url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/fmt-english/news/general/4993-french-legal-team-in-malaysia-to-probe-sub-deal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501133515/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/fmt-english/news/general/4993-french-legal-team-in-malaysia-to-probe-sub-deal |archive-date=1 May 2010 |quote=The submarine deal was crafted during the tenure of the then-Defence Minister Najib Tun Razak, now prime minister, in 2002. As a result of the pact, RM3.7 billion in commission went to Najib's closest associate Abdul Razak Baginda.}}</ref> whose company Primekar was alleged to be paid a huge commission during the purchase of two Scorpène submarines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/french-news/france-probes-corruption-in-arms-to-malaysia_63153.html|title=France probes corruption in arms to Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|archive-date=14 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010745/http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/french-news/france-probes-corruption-in-arms-to-malaysia_63153.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> French investigators are interested in the fact that PerimekarPrimekar was formed only a few months before the contract was signed with the Malaysian government and DCNS and that Primekar had no track record in servicing submarines and did not have the financial capability to support the contract.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100502155035/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9FC4QF00.htm Malaysians allege graft in French submarine deal - BusinessWeek]</ref> Investigations have also revealed that a Hong Kong-based company called Terasasi Ltd in which the directors are Razak Baginda and his father, sold classified Malaysian navy defence documents to DCNS.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/razak-bagindas-firm-sold-malaysian-naval-secrets-to-french-says-lawyer|title=Thank You Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064208/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/razak-bagindas-firm-sold-malaysian-naval-secrets-to-french-says-lawyer|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Also under scrutiny are allegations of extortion and the [[murder of Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa]], a translator who worked on the deal.<ref>{{cite news |title=French judges begins bribery probe |date=7 May 2012 |work=[[Vancouver Sun]] |url=https://vancouversun.com/business/French+judges+begins+bribery+probe/6576987/story.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032843/http://www.vancouversun.com/business/French+judges+begins+bribery+probe/6576987/story.html }}</ref>
 
On 15 December 2015, French courts indicted Bernard Baiocco, former president of Thales International Asia for paying kickbacks to Abdul Razak Baginda. At the same time director of shipbuilder DCN International was indicted for misuse of corporate assets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|title=Thank You Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303074709/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/highlight/2016/01/29/scorpene-scandal-resurfaces-suaram-vindicated/|title=Scorpene scandal resurfaces, Suaram vindicated|work=Free Malaysia Today|date=29 January 2016|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=France opens probe into 'bribery' of Malaysia's Najib Razak |date=4 February 2016 |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/fab19252-ca85-11e5-be0b-b7ece4e953a0.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Contract-winning French sub builder DCNS tied up in deadly Malaysian bribery saga |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=23 May 2016 |url=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/contractwinning-french-sub-builder-dcns-tied-up-in-deadly-malaysian-bribery-saga-20160522-gp17ce.html }}</ref>
 
On 24 August 2016, it was reported by Australianthe Medianewspaper ''[[The Australian]]'' that a 22,000-page report leak has taken place regarding the unrelated Scorpène-class submarine currently being built by India as a part of a 3.5 billion dollar deal. The suspected leak of sensitive information for the Scorpène was claimed to contain information regarding stealth, sensors, the noise level of the submarine at different sea depths, acoustic information, etcand more.<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 20,000 pages of top-secret data about India's mega submarine project leaked, says The Australian |work=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |date=23 August 2016 |url=http://qz.com/764665/764665/ }}</ref> The [[Indian Navy]] passed the blame for the data leak onto unnamed overseas sources, possibly from the hacking of sensitive data.<ref>{{cite news |title='A Case of Hacking': Parrikar on Indian Navy's Submarine Data Leak |date=23 August 2016 |url=https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/08/24/case-of-hacking-manohar-parrikar-defence-minister-on-classified-scorpene-class-submarine-data-leak-indian-navy-dcns.amp |access-date=24 August 2016 |archive-date=26 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826094437/https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/08/24/case-of-hacking-manohar-parrikar-defence-minister-on-classified-scorpene-class-submarine-data-leak-indian-navy-dcns.amp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Naval Group filed a complaint against the newspaper with the Supreme Court of the State of New South Wales in Australia for having illegally published documents containing old technical information about the Scorpene. The Australian court ruled in favour of Naval Group on 29 August and confirmed its decision on 1 September.<ref>{{cite book |last1=La véritable histoire des bateaux sous-marins, de 1945 à nos jours |title=Eric Genevelle |isbn=978-2-36497-046-5 |pages=235}}</ref>
 
The [[Indian Navy]] passed the blame for the data leak onto unnamed overseas sources, possibly from the hacking of sensitive data.<ref>{{cite news |title='A Case of Hacking': Parrikar on Indian Navy's Submarine Data Leak |date=23 August 2016 |url=https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/08/24/case-of-hacking-manohar-parrikar-defence-minister-on-classified-scorpene-class-submarine-data-leak-indian-navy-dcns.amp }}</ref>
 
Naval Group filed a complaint against the newspaper with the Supreme Court of the State of New South Wales in Australia for having illegally published documents containing old technical information about the Scorpene.) The Australian court ruled in favour of Naval Group on 29 August and confirmed its decision on 1 September.<ref>{{cite book |last1=La véritable histoire des bateaux sous-marins, de 1945 à nos jours |title=Eric Genevelle |isbn=978-2-36497-046-5 |pages=235}}</ref>
 
==See also==
*[[Murder of Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa]]
*[[Ship-building]]
*[[Navantia]]
*[[Fincantieri]]
 
==References==
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[[Category:French brands]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of France]]
[[Category:Submarine builders]]
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