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{{Short description|Naval defence company based in France}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Naval Group
| logo = Naval Group
| logo_size =
| logo_padding =
| logo_alt =
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| predecessor = Direction des Constructions Navales
| founded = {{start date and age|1631}}
| founder = French government under [[Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu]]
| hq_location_city = [[Paris]], [[Île-de-France]]
| hq_location_country = [[France]]
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| key_people = [[Pierre-Eric Pommellet]] ([[CEO]])
| products = [[Warship]]s, [[shipboard weapon]]s, [[offshore engineering]], [[nuclear engineering]] marine renewable energies
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]
| revenue_year =
| operating_income = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]542.9 million<ref name=":0" />
| income_year = 2022
| net_income = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]
| net_income_year =
| assets = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]6.711 billion<ref name=":0" />
|
| equity = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]1.598 billion<ref name=":0" />
| owner = [[Agence des participations de l'État|APE]]: 62.49%<br />[[Thales Group|Thales]]: 35%<br>Company & employees: 2.51%▼
|
▲| owner = [[Agence des participations de l'État|
| num_employees_year = 2019▼
| num_employees = 14,182<ref name=":0" />
| footnotes =
| subsid = Naval Energies, Sirehna, Kership
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}}
'''Naval Group''' is a major French industrial [[Corporate group|group]] specializing in [[navy|naval]] [[defense industry|defense]] design, development and [[shipbuilding|construction]]. Its headquarters are located in [[Paris]].
Heir to the French naval dockyards initiated in 1631 by [[Cardinal Richelieu]] and to the '''Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales''' (''DCAN''), which became '''Direction des Constructions Navales''' (''DCN'') in 1991 and then '''DCNS''' in 2007, the company was rebranded ''Naval Group'' in 2017. Its two main shareholders are the [[Agence des participations de l'État|French State]] (62.25%) and [[Thales Group]] (35%).<ref name=":0" />
Naval Group employs 14,182 people<ref name=":0" /> across 18 countries.
==History==
[[File:Champaigne portrait richelieu eb.jpg|thumb|[[Cardinal Richelieu]] (1585-1642), founder]]
Naval Group has a heritage of almost 400 years. Major shipyards were built in France in Brest (1631), Nantes-Indret (1771), Lorient (1778) and, subsequently,
===The birth of the naval dockyards===
In 1624,
The policy was continued by Colbert, [[Louis XIV]]'s Navy Minister, who developed several major dockyards. He extended the dockyards in Toulon, ordered the excavation of the docks in Brest and founded the [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] dockyards. His son, [[Seignelay]], who succeeded him in 1683, followed in his footsteps.<ref>[http://www.ecole-navale.fr/History-of-the-French-naval.htm - Extension on the French dockyards]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
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===Industrialisation and technical innovations===
During the 19th century, the naval dockyards underwent a transformation as the fleet of sailing ships
This rationalisation of the roles of the naval dockyards was accompanied by technical and military innovations and the production of vessels at a higher pace, against the backdrop of an arms race and colonisation. In 1858, {{ship|French ironclad|Gloire||2}}, the first ocean-going battleship in the world sailed out of the dockyards in Toulon. The 1860s saw the arrival of the first torpedo boats and military submarines, with the launch of {{ship|French submarine|Plongeur||2}} in 1863. The technical problems experienced by this first-ever motorised submarine meant that it remained a prototype rather than an operational war vessel. But it did open the way for the construction of {{ship|French submarine|Gymnote|Q1|2}} in 1886 and ''Le Narval'' in 1899, which were the first operational torpedo submarines in history.
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===Transformation into a company===
The international economic climate and decolonisation in the 1970s lead the DCAN to venture into new markets. The loss of the overseas naval dockyards was compounded by the [[French Navy]]'s reduced
But, looking beyond the order books, it was the public status of the DCAN that was gradually called into question, and it came to be considered as an administrative obstacle to the development of the potential of France's naval dockyards.
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In 2007, DCN acquired the French naval activities branch of [[Thales Group|Thales]], Armaris, a former subsidiary that was equally shared between DCN and Thales, and MOPA2, the company in charge of the project to build a second aircraft carrier. To stress its new identity, the resulting group was named DCNS. Thales acquired a 25% stake in the group's capital. In 2011, Thales increased its share of DCNS' capital to 35%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-World-Defence-Industry/DCNS-France.html|title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>
Construction of the stealthy multi-function frigates ([[FREMM]]) started in 2007. In 2008, an aerial [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|drone]] landed on the deck of a frigate at sea for the first time in history. In 2013, the group set up DCNS Research to promote its research activities. DCNS India, today Naval Group India was founded in 2008, thanks to two contracts signed in 2005 and 2008 for the delivery of six conventional Scorpène-class submarines. Similarly, in 2013, a submarine construction site was opened in Brazil. The group created the DCNS University in 2013 to deliver internal and external training
On 28 June 2017, DCNS changed its name to Naval Group.
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===Naval defence===
Naval Group designs, develops and manages the operational readiness of surface and underwater naval systems, and
The group works with the [[French navy]] and other navies, for conventional products, and with the authorisation of the French government. It also offers its military expertise to the [[French Air Force]] to design automated navigation and combat systems, and to renovate aircraft.
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* Aircraft carriers: {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle}}
* Helicopter carriers: {{sclass|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|0}} LHD
* Multi-mission frigates: [[FREMM]]-class frigates & [[Frégate de défense et d'intervention]]-class frigates (planned);<ref name="defense">{{cite web |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/equipement/naval/les-fregates-de-defense-et-intervention-fdi |title=Les frégates de défense et intervention (FDI) |work=https://defense.gouv.fr |date=6 April 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021
* Multi-mission frigates: Design of [[Second Generation Patrol Vessel]] for the [[Royal Malaysian Navy]], based on the {{sclass2|Gowind|corvette}}
* Air defence frigates: {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate}}s
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| publisher = Lancer
| contribution-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eczx0ZixNLEC&q=%22SMX-25%22+-mg&pg=PA70
| isbn= 9788170621829 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation
| last = Ryabov
| first = Kirill
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| date = 10 January 2012
| language = ru
| url = http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/
| access-date = 18 April 2017
| archive-date = 24 March 2013
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130324112619/http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
* Suffren class: Nuclear submarines: nuclear attack submarines Rubis class and Barracuda class : [[Barracuda-class submarine (France)|Barracuda (class Suffren)]]
* [[F21 (torpedo)|F21]] heavy-weight torpedoes
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===Energy and marine infrastructures===
The group collaborates with [[Électricité de France|EDF]]{{clarify|date=September 2014}}, the [[Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|CEA]] and [[AREVA]] in the construction of EPR power plants and the maintenance of nuclear power plants. Naval Group also builds thermal electric power plants and naval bases. The group designed the electric power plants in Mayotte, La Réunion and Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Since 2008, they have been studying a concept of a small [[nuclear power plant]] (50 to 250 MWe) named [[Flexblue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html
Naval Group was investing in four renewable marine technologies: wave
==Corporate responsibility==
Naval Group operates several programmes to promote training and professional integration. The group has signed the ''Pacte PME'', which fosters relations between large companies and smaller enterprises and sets up partnerships with leading universities and academic institutions. Between 2006 and 2013, DCNS organised the ''Trophée Poséidon'' for students in engineering schools, which rewarded student projects in the fields of innovation and the maritime environment.
Between 2008 and 2014, Naval Group also ran a professional integration programme for both persons with
DCNS has also been involved in the world of yachting for many years by sharing its technologies and through its sponsoring and mentoring activities. The group is a partner of the ''Grand-Prix de l'[[École Navale]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|title = Partners|url = http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html|work = GPEN|access-date = 2014-09-18|archive-date = 6 October 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065648/http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html|url-status = dead}}</ref> a regatta that has been held near the Crozon peninsula since 2001. It has also been a partner of the ''Pôle France Voile'' in Brest since 2007, and works for the professional integration of former sportsmen and sportswomen.
In 2008, DCNS built the single-hull [[DCNS 1000]], a yacht designed for round-the-world races, which featured in the 2013 film ''[[En Solitaire]]'', by [[Christophe Offenstein]], starring [[François Cluzet]].
Today, Naval Group also shared its technical expertise in composites for hulls and in navigation systems by building the experimental trimaran ''L'[[Hydroptère]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|language= fr|title= l'Hydroptère DCNS Hydrofoil Sailboat|url = http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/lhydroptre-dcns-hydrofoil-sailboat/|work = Ship Technology|access-date = 2014-09-18}}</ref> and it partnered with the [[Areva Challenge]] team that took part in the [[Americas Cup]] in 2007.
The Naval Group industrial site in Toulon has been a partner of [[RC Toulonnais|Toulon rugby club]] since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|language=fr |title=Partenariat DCNS |url=http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |work=RC Toulon |access-date=2014-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924042117/http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |archive-date=24 September 2014}}</ref>
==Organisation==
Naval Group is a private limited company in which the [[France|French state]] holds a 62.49% stake. The Thales groups holds 35% of the capital, and the remaining 2.51%
===Governance===
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{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! 2012 !! 2013 !! 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2019 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2019 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>!! 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2020 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2020 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
!2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2021 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2021 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
!2022<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2022 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2022 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| Turnover (billion €) || 3.36 || 2.93 || 3
|4.0
|4.0
|-
| Firm orders (billion €) || 2.53 || 2.27 || 5
|3.0
|5.6
|-
| Order book (billion €) || 14.46 || 13.22 || 15
|14.0
|15.3
|-
| Operating profit (million €) || 208.5 || 166.4 ||
|232.7
|96.8
| Net profit (million €)|| 163.7 || 104.1 || 178,2▼
|-
|192.5
|327.8
|}
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====Europe-Middle East====
*France:
**Sirehna, a 100% owned subsidiary: naval hydrodynamics, navigation solutions{{what|date=May 2024}} for ships and landing solutions{{what|date=May 2024}} for marine, land or aerial vehicles and drones
**Défense Environnement Services, a 49%-owned subsidiary, in partnership with Veolia Environnement: multi-service infrastructures{{clarify|date=September 2018}}
**Kership, a 45%-owned partnership, with Piriou: medium-tonnage vessels for the French state
* The Netherlands:
**Naval Group BV Den Haag, Naval Group Far East is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
*Belgium:
**Naval Group Belgium is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
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**Naval Group Far East, a 100% owned subsidiary: logistics and maintenance for naval and air and sea systems
* Australia
**Naval Group Australia, a 100% owned subsidiary: awarded SEA1000 contract in 2016 as DCNS Australia by the [[Government of Australia|Australian Government]]. Responsible for the design of [[Attack-class submarine|twelve future submarines]] for the [[Royal Australian Navy]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204073921/http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2015-12-04|title=History - DCNS Australia|work=DCNS Australia|access-date=2017-03-04|language=en-US}}</ref> The contract was cancelled in September 2021.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-09-16/australia-nuclear-submarine-partnership-us-uk/100465814 |title=Australia to acquire nuclear submarine fleet as part of historic partnership with US and UK to counter China's influence |
====Americas====
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**Naval Group Technologies Canada Inc, a 100% owned subsidiary: the group's sales office in Canada
==
{{Expand French|Affaire des frégates de Taïwan|topic=gov|date=January 2015}}
The DCN / DCNS plays a major role in "one of France's biggest political and financial scandals of the last generation [that left] a trail of eight unexplained deaths, nearly half a billion dollars in missing cash and troubling allegations of government complicity" connected to a [[
[[File:Tun Razak.JPG|thumbnail|Scorpène-class submarine before delivery to Malaysia]]
Apart from the issues surrounding the sale of ships to Taiwan mentioned above, French prosecutors started investigating a wide range of corruption charges in 2010 involving different submarine sales, with possible bribery and kickbacks to top officials in France. In particular interest by the prosecutors are sales of Scorpène-class submarines to countries like India and Malaysia.<ref>
On 15 December 2015, French courts indicted Bernard Baiocco, former president of Thales International Asia for paying kickbacks to Abdul Razak Baginda. At the same time director of shipbuilder DCN International was indicted for misuse of corporate assets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|title=Thank You Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303074709/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/highlight/2016/01/29/scorpene-scandal-resurfaces-suaram-vindicated/|title=Scorpene scandal resurfaces, Suaram vindicated|work=Free Malaysia Today|date=29 January 2016|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=France opens probe into 'bribery' of Malaysia's Najib Razak |date=4 February 2016 |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/fab19252-ca85-11e5-be0b-b7ece4e953a0.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Contract-winning French sub builder DCNS tied up in deadly Malaysian bribery saga |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=23 May 2016 |url=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/contractwinning-french-sub-builder-dcns-tied-up-in-deadly-malaysian-bribery-saga-20160522-gp17ce.html }}</ref>
On 24 August 2016, it was reported by
==See also==
*[[Murder of Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa]]
==References==
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[[Category:French brands]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of France]]
[[Category:Submarine builders]]
|