Surinam (English colony): Difference between revisions

| common_languages = '''Official''':<br>[[English language|English]]

In 1598 [[Lawrence Kemys]], leading an expedition to the Guianas on behalf of [[Walter Raleigh]], passed a river he called "''Shurinama''". In 1613, a short-lived Dutch trading post had been established inside the mouth of the [[Suriname River]], near an Amerindian village called "[[Paramaribo|Parmurbo]]".<ref name="De Naam Suriname">{{cite journal |last1=Oudschans Dentz |first1=F. |date=1919–1920 |title=De Naam Suriname |journal=De West-Indische Gids |volume=1ste Jaarg |issue=Tweede Deel |pages=13–17 |doi= 10.1163/22134360-90001870|jstor=41847495 |s2cid=194102071 |doi-access=free }}</ref> In 1630, British settlers made the first European attempt at colonization at Marshall's Creek, a tributary of the Suriname.<ref name="Marshall">{{Cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=paQMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA253|title=Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, Volume XI|edition=Ninth Edition—Popular Reprint | quote=In 1614, the states of Holland granted to any Dutch citizen a four years' monopoly of any harbour or place of commerce which he might discover in that region (Guiana). The first settlement, however, in Suriname (in 1630) was made by an Englishman, whose name is still preserved by Marshall's Creek.| last1=Baynes| first1=Thomas Spencer| year=1888 }}</ref> The Dutch navigator [[David Pietersz. de Vries]] wrote of traveling up the "''Sername''" river in 1634 until he encountered the English colony there, which did not last much longer.<ref name="De Naam Suriname">{{cite journal |last1=Oudschans Dentz |first1=F. |date=1919–1920 |title=De Naam Suriname |journal=De West-Indische Gids |volume=1ste Jaarg |issue=Tweede Deel |pages=13–17 |doi= 10.1163/22134360-90001870|jstor=41847495 |s2cid=194102071 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Willoughby himself, who had been relieved of his Governorship of Barbados by the Parliamentarians and returned to England,<ref name=Parker_book /> was in 1662 restored to the governorship of Barbados and given the proprietorship of some of the ‘Charibbee’'Charibbee' islands and of Surinam.<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol5/pp102-107 'America and West Indies: August 1662'], in ''Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 5, 1661–1668'', ed. W Noel Sainsbury (London, 1880), pp. 102–107. ''British History Online'' [accessed 18 September 2017].</ref>

The [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]] broke out in March 1665. Willoughby was drowned in around late July 1666 off [[Guadeloupe]], when his fleet was destroyed in a hurricane.<ref>{{cite DNB |wstitle=Willoughby, Francis |last=Firth |first=Charles Harding}}</ref>

When the English attacked the Dutch settlements in 1667, Surinam was captured by the Dutch Admiral [[Abraham Crijnssen]] and the main settlement renamed [[Fort Zeelandia (Paramaribo)|Fort Zeelandia]]. UnderFive months later the settlement [[Recapture of Fort Zeelandia (1667)|was recaptured]] by an English fleet led by Admiral Sir [[John Harman (admiral)|John Harman]]. It remained in English hands until news of the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] signed in July had reached the settlement only weeks later, and that it would be returned to the Dutch. Surinam was de facto exchanged for [[New Amsterdam]], now [[New York City]], under the terms of the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] seven years later.<ref>{{cite book |title=Suriname |last=Briggs |first=Philip |year=2015 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FtTeBgAAQBAJ&q=1651%E2%80%931667+Willoughbyland+Suriname&pg=PA10 |series=Bradt Travel Guides |page=10 |isbn=9781841629100}}</ref>

[[Category:People offrom former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas]]