Phone (phonetics): Difference between revisions

In [[phonetics]] and(a branch of [[linguistics]]), a '''phone''' is any distinct [[speech]] [[sound]] or [[gesture]], regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words.

For example, the English words ''kid'' and ''kit'' end with two distinct phonemes, {{IPA|/d/}} and {{IPA|/t/}}, and swapping one for the other would change one word into a different word. However, the difference between the {{IPA|/p/}} sounds in ''pun'' ({{IPA|[pʰ]}}, with [[aspirated consonant|aspiration]]) and ''spun'' ({{IPA|[p]}}, without aspiration) never affects the meaning or identity of a word in English. Therefore, {{IPA|[p]}} cannot be replaced with {{IPA|[pʰ]}} (or vice versa) and thereby convert one word tointo another. ThatThis causes {{IPA|[pʰ]}} and {{IPA|[p]}} to be two distinct phones but not distinct phonemes in English.

Whether a direct mapping between phonemes and characters is achieved depends on the type of orthography used,. phonologicalPhonological orthographies like the [[Indonesian Spelling System|Indonesian orthography]] tend to have one-to-one mappings of phonemes to characters, whereas alphabetic orthographies like the [[English orthography]] tend to try to have direct mappings, but often end up mapping one phoneme to multiple characters often.