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Line 1: {{Short description\|Archaeological culture of western Colombia}}{{more citations needed\|date=January 2024}} [[File:Calima Animal-Headed Figure Pendant MET DT11629 (cropped).jpg\|thumb\|Calima-Yotoco ~~Animal~~animal-~~Headed~~headed ~~Figure~~figure ~~Pendant~~pendant, [[Metropolitan Museum]], NYC]] [[File:Calima - Ceremonial Tweezers - Walters 57262.jpg\|thumb\|Calima culture gold ceremonial tweezers from [[Walters Art Museum]]\|upright]] [[File:Calima banco de la republica.jpg\|thumb\|Calima culture sculpture, [[Gold Museum, Bogotá]], Colombia]] '''Calima culture''' (200 BCE–400 CE) is a series of [[Pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia\|pre-Columbian culture]]s from the [[Valle del Cauca]] in [[Colombia]].<ref name=travel>[http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/sightseeing-what-to-do/history-and-tradition/archaeological-tourism/calima-darien-archaeological-museum "Calima Darién Archaeological Museum: 10,000 Years of History."] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817230346/http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/sightseeing-what-to-do/history-and-tradition/archaeological-tourism/calima-darien-archaeological-museum \|date=2014-08-17 }} ''Colombia''. (retrieved 1 Dec 2011)</ref> The four societies that successively occupied the valley and make up Calima culture are the Ilama, Yotoco, Sonso, and [[Malagana\|Malagana culture]]s.<ref name=travel/> The [[Calima Darién Archaeological Museum and the [[Calima Gold Museum]] ~~features~~feature artifacts from the Calima culture.<ref name=travel/>▼ ==Ilama culture== Line 11 ⟶ 14: ==Yotoco culture== [[File:Calima Pendant, San Antonio Museum of Art.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Calima alligator pendant, [[San Antonio Museum of Art]]]] By 100 CE the Ilamas developed into the Yotoco Culture, which expanded their territory further into the Cauca River and the Pacific Ocean and to the south to the region of what is now the city of [[Cali]]. Line 19 ⟶ 25: ==Malagana culture== The primary archaeological site for Malagana culture is [[Malagana]]. Dating from 300 BCE to 300 CE, the site was discovered in 1992, and an estimate four tons of artifacts were looted from it in a matter of days.<ref>[http://www.eldoradocolombia.com/guaqueria.html "Hallazgo arqueológico en el estadio del Deportivo Cali ."] ''El Dorado Colombia.'' {{esin ~~icon~~lang\|es}} (retrieved 1 Dec 2011)</ref> This culture produced fine, burnished ceramics, predominantly white or terra cotta in color. [[Ocarina]]s, large bottles, and [[alcarraza]]s, [[double spout and bridge vessel]]s, become common.<ref name=travel/> ▲The [[Calima Darién Archaeological Museum]] features artifacts from the Calima culture.<ref name=travel/> ==Notes== Line 27 ⟶ 31: ==External links== {{Commons category}} ~~{{Commonscat}}~~ [http://www.nmai.si.edu/searchcollections/results.aspx?regid=2826 Calima culture artwork] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018223838/http://www.nmai.si.edu/searchcollections/results.aspx?regid=2826 \|date=2016-10-18 }}, National Museum of the American Indian [http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/119785/rec/1 The Art of Precolumbian Gold: The Jan Mitchell Collection], an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Calima culture {{Colombian people}} {{Pre-Columbian}} {{authority control}} ~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Calima Culture}}~~ [[Category:Circum-Caribbean tribes]] [[Category:Indigenous peoples in Colombia]] [[Category:Prehistory of Colombia]]