Aerospace manufacturer: Difference between revisions

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== Market ==
 
In 2015 the aircraft production was worth US$180.3 Billionbillion: 61% [[airliner]]s, 14% business and [[general aviation]], 12% [[Militarymilitary aircraft]], 10% military [[rotary wing]] and 3% civil rotary wing; while their [[aircraft maintenance|MRO]] was worth $135.1 Bn or ${{#expr:180.3+135.1}} Bn combined.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.aeromontreal.ca/download/fca8adddfff353/01-MRO+Industry+Outlook_Kevin+Michaels.pdf |title= MRO Industry Outlook |author= Kevin Michaels |publisher= ICF International |date= April 28, 2016}}</ref>
 
The global aerospace industry was worth $838.5 billion in 2017: Aircraftaircraft & Engineengine [[OEM]]s represented 28% (${{#expr:838*.28round0}} Bn), Civilcivil & Militarymilitary MRO & Upgradesupgrades 27% (${{#expr:838*.27round0}} Bn), Aircraftaircraft Systemssystems & Componentcomponent Manufacturingmanufacturing 26% (${{#expr:838*.26round0}} Bn), [[Satellitesatellite]]s & Spacespace 7% (${{#expr:838*.07round0}} Bn), [[Missilemissile]]s & [[UAV]]s 5% (${{#expr:838*.05round0}} Bn) and other activity, including [[flight simulator]]s, defense electronics, public research accounted for 7% (${{#expr:838*.07round0}} Bn).<ref name=Industry-2017/>
The countries with the largest industry were led by the [[United States]] with $408.4 Bn ({{#expr:408.4/8.38round0}}%), followed by [[France]] with $69 Bn ({{#expr:69/8.38round1}}%), then [[China]] with $61.2 Bn ({{#expr:61.2/8.38round1}}%), the [[United Kingdom]] with $48.8 Bn ({{#expr:48.4/8.38round1}}%), [[Germany]] with $46.2 Bn ({{#expr:46.2/8.38round1}}%), [[Russia]] with $27.1 Bn ({{#expr:27.1/8.38round1}}%), [[Canada]] with $24 Bn ({{#expr:24/8.38round1}}%), [[Japan]] with $21 Bn ({{#expr:21/8.38round1}}%), [[Spain]] with $14 Bn ({{#expr:14/8.38round1}}%) and [[India]] with $11Bn ({{#expr:11/8.38round1}}%). The top 10 countries represent $731 Bn or {{#expr:731/8.38round1}}% of the whole industry.<ref name=Industry-2017>{{cite web |url= https://aerodynamicadvisory.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/AeroDynamic-Teal_Global-Aerospace-Industry_16July2018.pdf |title= The Global Aerospace Industry Size & Country Rankings |date= 16 July 2018 |publisher= The Teal Group / AeroDynamic Advisory |author1= Richard Aboulafia |author-link= Richard Aboulafia |author2=Kevin Michaels}}</ref>
 
In 2018, the new commercial aircraft value is projected for $270.4 billion while [[business aircraft]] will amount for $18 billion and civil helicopters for $4 billion.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/commercial-spending-will-lead-mro-field-2018 |title= Commercial Spending Will Lead MRO Field In 2018 |at= Comparing civil, helicopter, business aviation and military MRO forecasts for 2018 |date= Jan 2, 2018 |author= Lee Ann Shay |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
 
== Largest aerospace companies ==
{{Update section|date=March 2023}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ LargestBy aerospace companiesRevenue ($ billion)
! rowspan=2 | Company
! 2022<ref name=Flight18August2023>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/flight-international/top-100-aerospace-companies-ranked-by-revenue/154606.article |title= Top 100 aerospace companies ranked by revenue 2022 |author= Murdo Morrison |date= 18 August 2023 |work= FlightGlobal }}</ref>
! colspan=6 | Revenue
! colspan=6 | Operating profit
! rowspan=2 | Country
|-
! 2019<ref name=Flight15sep2020>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/aerospace/airbus-displaces-boeing-as-aerospaces-biggest-company/140026.article |title= Airbus displaces Boeing as aerospace's biggest company |author= Murdo Morrison |date= 15 September 2020 |work= FlightGlobal }}</ref>
! 2018<ref name=Flight3sep2019>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/globalassets/reports/Top-100-aerospace-companies-by-revenue-2018.pdf |title= Top 100 aerospace companies by revenue 2018 |date= 3 Sep 2019 |work= Flight International}}</ref>
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! 2015<ref name=Flight13sep2016>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/file/?contentId=13060 |title= Top 100 Special Report |work= Flight International |date= 13 September 2016}}</ref>
! 2014<ref name=Flight15Sep2015>{{cite news |url= https://d3fod5fkpt74ph.cloudfront.net/bef643f18cd3410788f767ce75e3e615/f99aa5ad15a843bb899aa1f24f215e1e.pdf |title= Top 100 Aerospace Companies |work= Flight International |date= 15–21 September 2015}}</ref>
! Country
! 2019<ref name=Flight15sep2020/>
! 2018<ref name=Flight3sep2019/>
! 2017<ref name=Flight3sep2018/>
! 2016<ref name=Flight1sep2017/>
! 2015<ref name=Flight13sep2016/>
! 2014<ref name=Flight15Sep2015/>
|-
| [[RTX Corporation]]
| [[Airbus]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=MAXmud|In 2019, Airbus displaced Boeing as the largest aerospace company by revenue due to the [[Boeing 737 MAX groundings]], with $2 billion operating losses down from $12 billion profits the previous year.<ref name=Flight15sep2020/>}}
|| 7867.91 || 75.1|| || 72.3|| || 70.8 || 68.8 || 80.6{{flagcountry|USA}}
| 1.5 || 5.95 || 3.70 || 2.40 || 4.34 || 4.50 || {{flag|France}}{{flag|Germany}}{{flag|Spain}}
|-
| [[Boeing]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=MAXmud/>
| 66.6 || 76.6 || 101.0 || 93.4 || 94.6 || 96.1 || 90.8 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| -1.98 || 12.00 || 10.30 || 4.90 || 5.18 || 7.47 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
| [[Lockheed Martin]]
| 66.0 || 59.8 || 53.8 || 51.0 || 47.2 || 40.5 || 45.6 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Airbus]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=MAXmud|In 2019, Airbus displaced Boeing as the largest aerospace company by revenue due to the [[Boeing 737 MAX groundings]], with $2 billion operating losses down from $12 billion profits the previous year.<ref name=Flight15sep2020/>}}
| 61.8 || 78.9 || 75.1 || 72.3 || 70.8 || 68.8 || 80.6 || {{flag|France}}{{flag|Germany}}{{flagcountry|UK}}{{flag|Spain}}
|-
| [[Northrop Grumman]]
| 36.6 || 33.8 || 30.1 || 25.8 || 24.5 || 23.5 || 24.0 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Rostec]]
| 30.0 || || || || || || || {{flag|Russia}}
|-
| [[BAE Systems]]
| 27.0 || 22.8 || 12.8 || 13.4 || 13.4 || 13.9 || 13.7 || {{flagcountry|UK}}
|-
| [[GE Aerospace]]
| 26.1 || || 30.6 || 27.4 || 26.3 || 24.7 || 24.0 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Safran]]
| 20.0 || || 25.2 || 17.9 || 16.8 || 16.6 || 18.3 || {{flagcountry|France}}
|-
| [[Rolls-Royce Holdings]]
| 17.2 || || 15.0 || 12.7 || 12.0 || 13.2 || 14.7 || {{flagcountry|UK}}
|-
| [[L3Harris]]
| 17.1 || || || || || || || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo]] (Finmeccanica)
| [[Lockheed Martin]] || 59.8 || 53.8 || 51.0 || 47.2 || 40.5 || 45.6
| 815.555 || 7|| 14.334 || 512.905 || 512.558 || 413.719 || 517.592 || {{flagcountry|USAItaly}}
|-
| ''[[United Technologies]]''{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=RTmerge|United Technologies merged with the [[Raytheon Company]] in April 2020 to form [[RTX Corporation|Raytheon Technologies (RTX Corporation)]].<ref name=mergercomplete>{{cite press release
|title=United Technologies and Raytheon Complete Merger of Equals Transaction
|url=https://www.rtx.com/News/2020/04/03/United-Technologies-and-Raytheon-Complete-Merger-of-Equals-Transaction
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|date=3 April 2020
|language=en}}</ref>
}}
}} || 46.9 || 36.0 || 30.9 || 29.0 || 33.1 || 36.2
| 5|| 46.779 || 336.570 || 330.839 || 329.840 || 333.001 || 436.572 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| ''[[Raytheon Company]]''<ref group=lower-alpha name=RTmerge/>
| [[Northrop Grumman]] || 33.8 || 30.1 || 25.8 || 24.5 || 23.5 || 24.0
| 3.97|| || 327.781 || 325.303 || 324.191 || 323.082 || 322.208 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
|}
| [[GE Aviation]] || || 30.6 || 27.4 || 26.3 || 24.7 || 24.0
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| || 6.47 || 6.64 || 6.12 || 5.51 || 5.00 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|+ By Operating profit ($ billion)
! Company
! 2022<ref name=Flight18August2023/>
! 2019<ref name=Flight15sep2020/>
! 2018<ref name=Flight3sep2019/>
! 2017<ref name=Flight3sep2018/>
! 2016<ref name=Flight1sep2017/>
! 2015<ref name=Flight13sep2016/>
! 2014<ref name=Flight15Sep2015/>
! Country
|-
| [[Lockheed Martin]]
| 8.35 || 8.55 || 7.33 || 5.90 || 5.55 || 4.71 || 5.59 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Airbus]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=MAXmud/>
| 5.60 || 1.5 || 5.95 || 3.70 || 2.40 || 4.34 || 4.50 || {{flag|France}}{{flag|Germany}}{{flagcountry|UK}}{{flag|Spain}}
|-
| [[RTX Corporation]]
| 5.41 || || || || || || || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[GE Aerospace]]
| 4.78 || || 6.47 || 6.64 || 6.12 || 5.51 || 5.00 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Northrop Grumman]]
| 3.60 || 3.97 || 3.78 || 3.30 || 3.19 || 3.08 || 3.20 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Rostec]]
| 3.18 || || || || || || || {{flag|Russia}}
|-
| [[Safran]]
| 2.06 || || 3.43 || 2.58 || 2.54 || 1.71 || 2.74 || {{flagcountry|France}}
|-
| [[L3Harris]]
| 1.27 || || || || || || || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo]] (Finmeccanica)
| 0.87 || || 0.59 || 0.90 || 1.05 || 0.94 || 0.72 || {{flagcountry|Italy}}
|-
| [[Boeing]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=MAXmud/>
| -3.55 || -1.98 || 12.00 || 10.30 || 4.90 || 5.18 || 7.47 || {{flagcountry|USA}}
|-
| [[BAE Systems]]
| [[Raytheon Company]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=RTmerge/> || || 27.1 || 25.3 || 24.1 || 23.2 || 22.8
| || - || 4.54- || 3.32- || 3.24- || 3.01- || 3.18- || {{flagcountry|USAUK}}
|-
| [[Rolls-Royce Holdings]]
| [[Safran]] || || 25.2 || 17.9 || 16.8 || 16.6 || 18.3
| || || 30.4344 || 21.5811 || 20.5498 || 1.7177 || 2.7415 || {{flagcountry|FranceUK}}
|-
| ''[[United Technologies]]''<ref group=lower-alpha name=RTmerge/>
| [[Rolls-Royce Holdings]] || || 15.0 || 12.7 || 12.0 || 13.2 || 14.7
| || 05.4477 || 13.1157 || 3.83 || 03.9884 || 13.7700 || 24.1557 || {{flagcountry|UKUSA}}
|-
| ''[[Raytheon Company]]''<ref group=lower-alpha name=RTmerge/>
| [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo]] (Finmeccanica) || || 14.4 || 12.5 || 12.8 || 13.9 || 17.2
| || || 04.5954 || 03.9032 || 13.0524 || 03.9401 || 03.7218 || {{flagcountry|ItalyUSA}}
|-
| [[BAE Systems]] || || 12.8 || 13.4 || 13.4 || 13.9 || 13.7
| - || - || - || - || - || - || {{flagcountry|UK}}
|}
{{notelist-la}}
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=== Cities ===
 
Important locations of the civil aerospace industry worldwide include [[Seattle]], [[Wichita, Kansas]], [[Dayton, Ohio]] and [[St. Louis]] in the United States ([[Boeing]]), [[Montreal]] and [[Toronto]] in Canada ([[Bombardier Aerospace|Bombardier]], [[Pratt & Whitney Canada]]), [[Toulouse]] and [[Bordeaux]] in France ([[Airbus]], [[Dassault Aviation|Dassault]], [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]]), [[Seville]] in Spain and [[Hamburg]] in Germany ([[Airbus]], [[EADS]]), the North-West of England and [[Bristol]] in Britain ([[BAE Systems]], [[Airbus]] and [[AgustaWestland]]), [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur]] and [[Irkutsk]] in Russia ([[Sukhoi]], [[Beriev]]), [[Kyiv]] and [[Kharkiv]] in Ukraine ([[Antonov]]), [[Nagoya]] in Japan ([[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Aerospace]] and [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries Aerospace]]), as well as [[São José dos Campos]] in Brazil where [[Embraer]] is based.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}
 
== Consolidation ==
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== Suppliers ==
 
The largest aerospace suppliers are [[United Technologies]] with $28.2 Billionbillion of revenue, followed by [[GE Aviation]] with $24.7 Billionbillion, [[Safran]] with $22.5 Billionbillion, [[Rolls-Royce Holdings]] with $16.9 Billionbillion, [[Honeywell Aerospace]] with $15.2 Billionbillion and [[Rockwell Collins]] including [[B/E Aerospace]] with $8.1 Billionbillion.<ref name=AW170120>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/connected-aerospace/tier-1-consolidation-continues-safran-takes-over-zodiac |title= Tier 1 Consolidation Continues As Safran Takes Over Zodiac |date= Jan 20, 2017 |author= Thierry Dubois and Jens Flottau |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref> [[Electric aircraft]] development could generate large changes for the aerospace suppliers.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/industry-landscape-could-reboot-under-aircraft-electrification |title= Industry Landscape Could Reboot Under Aircraft Electrification |date= Dec 6, 2017 |author= Michael Bruno |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
The [[electric aircraft]] development could generate large changes for the aerospace suppliers.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/industry-landscape-could-reboot-under-aircraft-electrification |title= Industry Landscape Could Reboot Under Aircraft Electrification |date= Dec 6, 2017 |author= Michael Bruno |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>
 
On 26 November 2018, United Technologies announced the completion of its Rockwell Collins acquisition, renaming systems supplier UTC Aerospace Systems as [[Collins Aerospace]], for $23 billion of sales in 2017 and 70,000 employees, and $39.0 billion of sales in 2017 combined with engine manufacturer [[Pratt & Whitney]].<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.utc.com/News/News-Center/Pages/United-Technologies-Announces-Intention-to-Separate-Into-Three-Independent-Compan.aspx |title= United Technologies Announces Intention to Separate Into Three Independent Companies; Completes Acquisition of Rockwell Collins |date= November 26, 2018 |publisher= United Technologies}}</ref>
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In the 2000s, Rolls-Royce reduced its supplier count after bringing in automotive supply chain executives.<!--<ref name=AvWeek18may2017/>-->
On the [[Airbus A380]], less than 100 major suppliers outsource 60% of its value, even 80% on the [[A350XWBAirbus A350|A350]].<!--<ref name=AvWeek18may2017/>-->
[[Boeing]] embraced an aggressive Tier 1 model for the [[B787Boeing 787|787]] but with its difficulties began to question why it was earning lower margins than its suppliers while it seemed to take all the risk, ensuing its 2011 ''Partnering for Success'' initiative, as [[Airbus]] initiated its own ''Scope+'' initiative for the [[Airbus A320|A320]].<!--<ref name=AvWeek18may2017/>-->
Tier 1 consolidation also affects engine manufacturers : [[GE AviationAerospace]] acquired [[Avio]] in 2013 and [[Rolls-Royce plcHoldings|Rolls-Royce]] is takingtook control of [[IndustriaITP de Turbo PropulsoresAero]].<ref name=AvWeek18may2017>{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/beware-oem-supplier-relations-are-changing |title= Beware, OEM-supplier Relations Are Changing |date= May 18, 2017 |author= Kevin Michaels |work= [[Aviation Week & Space Technology]]}}</ref>
 
==See also==
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* Hartley, Keith. '' The Political Economy Of Aerospace Industries: A Key Driver of Growth and International Competitiveness? (Edward Elgar, 2014); 288 pages; the industry in Britain, continental Europe, and the US with a case study of BAE Systems.
* Newhouse, John. ''The Sporty Game: The High-Risk Competitive Business of Making and Selling Commercial Airliners.'' New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982. {{ISBN|978-0-394-51447-5}}.
 
* Wills, Jocelyn. ''Tug of War: Surveillance Capitalism, Military Contracting, and the Rise of the Security State'' (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2017), scholarly history of [[MDA (company)|MDA]] in Canada. [https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=59519 online book review]
{{refend}}