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Line 10: \| tax_id = 31-0734115 \| headquarters = [[Dublin, Ohio]], U.S. \| coordinates = {{Coord\|40.1025\|-83.1269\|region:US-OH_type:landmark\|display=title,inline}}▼ \| founder = [[Fred Kilgour]] \| founded = {{Start date and age\|1967\|7\|5}} (as Ohio College Library Center) \| key_people = \| region = Worldwide \| products = {{hlist\|[[WorldCat]]\|Amlib\|BIBLIOTHECAplus\|Capira\|CatExpress\|CONTENTdm\|[[Dewey Decimal Classification]]\|[[EZproxy]]\|FirstSearch\|LBS\|OLIB\|PiCarta\|Relais ILL & D2D\|SISIS-SunRise\|Syndeo\|Tipasa\|TouchPoint\|UnityUK\|[[VDX (library software)\|VDX]]\|WebJunction\|Wise\|WorldShare}}<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/membership-qualifying-subscriptions.pdf \|title=OCLC Qualifying Subscriptions for Membership \|website=~~www.~~oclc.org \|publisher=OCLC \|date=February 15, 2022 \|access-date=March 11, 2022 \|archive-date=March 11, 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311061055/https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/membership-qualifying-subscriptions.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref> \| revenue = $217.8 million<ref name="2020-21annualreport">{{Cite web \|url=https://www.oclc.org/en/annual-report/2021/home.html \|title=OCLC Annual Report 2020–2021 \|date=December 20, 2021 \|publisher=OCLC \|location=Dublin, Ohio \|language=en \|access-date=March 11, 2022 \|archive-date=March 11, 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311162629/https://www.oclc.org/en/annual-report/2021/home.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> \| revenue_year = 2020–21 \| members = 30,000+ libraries in 100+ countries<ref name="oclc_about" /> \| leader_title = President ~~and~~& CEO \| leader_name = [[Skip Prichard]] \| website = {{Official URL}} }} '''OCLC, Inc.''', [[doing business as]] '''OCLC''',<ref name="cert">{{Cite web \|date=June 26, 2017 \|title=Certificate of Amendment of the Amended Articles of Incorporation of OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. \|url=https://bizimage.ohiosos.gov/api/image/pdf/201717701088 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321070613/https://bizimage.ohiosos.gov/api/image/pdf/201717701088 \|archive-date=March 21, 2020 \|access-date=August 18, 2019 \|publisher=[[Ohio Secretary of State]]}} See also: {{cite web \|date=June 23, 2017 \|title=Amended Articles of Incorporation of OCLC, Inc. \|url=https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/articles-of-incorporation.pdf \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311061001/https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/articles-of-incorporation.pdf \|archive-date=March 11, 2022 \|access-date=March 11, 2022 \|website= \|publisher=OCLC}}</ref> is an American nonprofit [[cooperative]] organization "that provides shared technology services, original research, and community programs for its membership and the library community at large".<ref name="oclc_about">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.oclc.org/en/about.html\|title=About OCLC\|publisher=OCLC\|language=en-US\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311152413/https://www.oclc.org/en/about.html\|archive-date=2022-03-11\|url-status=live\|access-date=2022-03-11}}</ref> It was founded in 1967 as the '''Ohio College Library Center''', then became the '''Online Computer Library Center''' as it expanded. In 2017, the name was formally changed to OCLC, Inc.<ref name="cert"/> OCLC and thousands of its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain [[WorldCat]], the largest [[online public access catalog]] in the world.<ref name="largest">{{cite book \|last=Oswald \|first=Godfrey \|date=2017 \|chapter=Largest unified international library catalog \|title=Library world records \|edition=3rd \|location=Jefferson, NC \|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]] \|page=291 \|isbn=9781476667775 \|oclc=959650095 \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G4owDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA291 \|access-date=December 11, 2019 \|archive-date=March 8, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200308230751/https://books.google.com/books?id=G4owDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA291 \|url-status=live }}</ref> OCLC is funded mainly by the fees that libraries pay (around $217.8 million annually in total {{as of\|2021\|lc=yes}}) for the many different services it offers.<ref name="2020-21annualreport" /> OCLC also maintains the [[Dewey Decimal Classification]] system. Line 32 ⟶ 34: As OCLC expanded services in the United States outside Ohio, it relied on establishing strategic partnerships with "networks", organizations that provided training, support and marketing services. By 2008, there were 15 independent United States regional service providers. OCLC networks played a key role in OCLC governance, with networks electing delegates to serve on the OCLC Members Council. During 2008, OCLC commissioned two studies to look at distribution channels; at the same time, the council approved governance changes that had been recommended by the Board of Trustees severing the tie between the networks and governance. In early 2009, OCLC negotiated new contracts with the former networks and opened a centralized support center.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Bailey-Hainer\|first=Brenda\|date=October 19, 2009\|title=The OCLC Network of Regional Service Providers: The Last 10 Years\|journal=Journal of Library Administration\|volume=49\|issue=6\|pages=621–629\|doi=10.1080/01930820903238792\|s2cid=61936408\|issn=0193-0826}}</ref> In July 2010, the company was sued by SkyRiver, a rival startup, in an [[Competition law\|antitrust suit]].<ref name="kc.201007">{{cite web \|url=https://kcoyle.blogspot.com/2010/07/skyriver-sues-oclc-over-anti-trust.html \|first=Karen \|last=Coyle \|title=SkyRiver Sues OCLC over Anti-Trust \|publisher=Karen Coyle \|date=July 29, 2010 \|access-date=April 12, 2012 \|archive-date=April 17, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417042522/https://kcoyle.blogspot.com/2010/07/skyriver-sues-oclc-over-anti-trust.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Library automation company [[Innovative Interfaces]] joined SkyRiver in the suit.<ref name="lj.264">{{cite web \|url=https://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/home/886099-264/skyriver_and_innovative_interfaces_file.html.csp \|title=SkyRiver and Innovative Interfaces File Major Antitrust Lawsuit Against OCLC \|first=Marshall \|last=Breeding \|work=[[Library Journal]] \|date=July 29, 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802044208/https://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/home/886099-264/skyriver_and_innovative_interfaces_file.html.csp \|archive-date=August 2, 2010 }}</ref> The suit was dropped in March 2013, however, following the acquisition of SkyRiver by [[Innovative Interfaces]].<ref name="id.20130304">{{cite web \|url=https://www.infodocket.com/2013/03/04/innovative-interfaces-integrates-all-skyriver-services-and-withdraws-antitrust-lawsuit-against-oclc/ \|title=III Drops OCLC Suit, Will Absorb SkyRiver \|first=Gary \|last=Price \|work=[[Library Journal]] \|date=March 4, 2013 \|access-date=February 7, 2020 \|archive-date=April 18, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418015212/https://www.infodocket.com/2013/03/04/innovative-interfaces-integrates-all-skyriver-services-and-withdraws-antitrust-lawsuit-against-oclc/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>▼ Innovative Interfaces was ~~later~~ bought by [[ExLibris]] in 2020, therefore passing OCLC as the dominant supplier of [[Integrated library system\|ILS]] services in the US (over 70% market share for academic libraries and over 50% for public libraries for ExLibris, versus OCLC's 10% market share of both types of libraries in 2019).<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=April 25, 2020\|last=Schonfeld\|first=Roger C.\|title=What Are the Larger Implications of Ex Libris Buying Innovative?\|url=https://sr.ithaka.org/blog/what-are-the-larger-implications-of-ex-libris-buying-innovative/\|website=sr.ithaka.org\|date=2019-12-05\|archive-date=June 12, 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612014535/https://sr.ithaka.org/blog/what-are-the-larger-implications-of-ex-libris-buying-innovative/\|url-status=live}}</ref>▼ In 2022, membership and governance expanded to include any institution with a subscription to one of many qualifying OCLC products (previously institutions qualified for membership by "contributing intellectual content or participating in global resource or reference sharing"), with the exception of for-profit organizations that are part of OCLC's partner program.<ref name=member-protocols>{{cite web \|title=Membership and Governance Protocols \|website=www.oclc.org \|url=https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/membership_protocols.pdf \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421062054/https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/membership/membership_protocols.pdf \|archive-date=2022-04-21 \|access-date=2023-01-23 \|url-status=live}}</ref> This change reflected OCLC's expanding number of services due to its [[corporate acquisition]]s.<ref name=member-protocols/> ===Presidents=== The following people served successively as president of OCLC:<ref>{{cite web \|title=OCLC Presidents ~~\|website=www.oclc.org~~ \|publisher=OCLC \|url=https://www.oclc.org/en/about/leadership/presidents.html \|access-date=2020-03-10 \|archive-date=February 23, 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223151254/https://www.oclc.org/en/about/leadership/presidents.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> * 1967–1980: [[Frederick G. Kilgour]] * 1980–1989: [[Rowland C. W. Brown]] Line 44 ⟶ 49: ==Services== [[File:OCLC Online Computer Library Center aerial view - DPLA - f77302059c9901bd7622272437e9f8d6.jpg\|thumb\|Company headquarters in Dublin, Ohio, 1981]] OCLC provides [[bibliographic]], [[abstract (summary)\|abstract]] and full-text information to anyone. OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain [[WorldCat]]—the OCLC Online Union Catalog, the largest [[online public access catalog]] (OPAC) in the world.<ref name="largest"/> WorldCat has holding records from public and private libraries worldwide. The Online Computer Library Center acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the [[Dewey Decimal Classification]] System when it bought Forest Press in 1988. A browser<ref name="oclc.dewey">{{Cite web\|url=http://deweybrowser.oclc.org/ddcbrowser2/\|title=OCLC DeweyBrowser\|website=deweybrowser.oclc.org\|access-date=May 28, 2017 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/~~20170525193111~~20121206025029/http://deweybrowser.oclc.org/ddcbrowser2/ \|archive-date=~~May~~ 25Dec 6, ~~2017\|url-status=dead~~2012 }}</ref> for books with their Dewey Decimal Classifications was available until July 2013; it was replaced by the Classify Service. Until August 2009, when it was sold to Backstage Library Works, OCLC owned a preservation microfilm and [[digitization]] operation called the OCLC Preservation Service Center,<ref name="oclc-p">{{cite web\|url=https://www.oclc.org/preservation/default.htm\|title=Preservation ~~Service~~services ~~Center~~\|publisher=OCLC\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031229033224/https://www.oclc.org/preservation/default.htm\|archive-date=December 29, 2003}}</ref> with its principal office in [[Bethlehem, Pennsylvania]]. Starting in 1971, OCLC produced [[catalog card]]s for members alongside its shared online catalog; the company printed its last catalog cards on October 1, 2015.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.oclc.org/en/news/releases/2015/201529dublin.html\|title=OCLC prints last library catalog cards\|date=October 1, 2015\|website=~~www.oclc.org~~OCLC\|language=en\|access-date=May 28, 2015\|archive-date=February 27, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227132310/https://www.oclc.org/en/news/releases/2015/201529dublin.html\|url-status=~~live~~dead }}</ref> '''{{Visible anchor\|QuestionPoint\|text=QuestionPoint}}'''<!--boldface per [[WP:R#PLA]]-->,<ref name="oclc.questionpoint">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.oclc.org/en/questionpoint.html\|title=QuestionPoint\|publisher=OCLC\|language=en-US\|access-date=May 28, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215101917/https://www.oclc.org/en/questionpoint.html\|archive-date=February 15, 2017}}</ref> an around-the-clock reference service provided to users by a cooperative of participating global libraries, was acquired by [[Springshare]] from OCLC in 2019 and migrated to Springshare's LibAnswers platform.<ref>{{cite web \|last=Gest \|first=Jayne \|date=June 3, 2019 \|title=OCLC to sell QuestionPoint software to Florida company \|url=https://www.smartbusinessdealmakers.com/articles/topic/oclc-sells-questionpoint-springshare/ \|website=Smart Business Dealmakers Columbus \|access-date=April 25, 2020 \|archive-date=April 25, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425121617/https://www.smartbusinessdealmakers.com/articles/topic/oclc-sells-questionpoint-springshare/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Springshare Acquires QuestionPoint from OCLC \|url=https://springshare.com/news/libanswers-qp.html \|website=springshare.com \|date=May 31, 2019 \|access-date=April 25, 2020 \|archive-date=May 13, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513054549/https://springshare.com/news/libanswers-qp.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Line 83 ⟶ 89: Other past advocacy campaigns have focused on sharing the knowledge gained from library and information research. Such projects have included communities such as the [[Society of American Archivists]], the [[Open Archives Initiative]], the [[Institute for Museum and Library Services]], the [[International Organization for Standardization]], the [[National Information Standards Organization]], the [[World Wide Web Consortium]], the [[Internet Engineering Task Force]], and [[Internet2]]. One of the most successful contributions to this effort was the [[Dublin Core]] Metadata Initiative, "an open forum of libraries, archives, museums, technology organizations, and software companies who work together to develop interoperable online [[metadata standards]] that support a broad range of purposes and business models."<ref name="De Rosa 2009 719–726" /> OCLC has collaborated with the [[Wikimedia Foundation]] and the Wikimedia volunteer community, through integrating library metadata with Wikimedia projects, hosting a [[Wikipedian in residence]], and doing a national training program through WebJunction called "Wikipedia + Libraries: Better Together".<ref name="Libraries Leverage Wikimedia"/><ref>{{cite web \|title=Wikipedia + Libraries: Better Together \|url=https://www.webjunction.org/explore-topics/wikipedia-libraries.html \|website=webjunction.org \|access-date=April 25, 2020 \|archive-date=April 15, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415011152/https://www.webjunction.org/explore-topics/wikipedia-libraries.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Wikipedia + Libraries: Better Together: OCLC WebJunction \|url=https://archive.org/details/2018WikipediaLibrariesBetterTogether \|website=~~archive.org~~Internet Archive \|date=August 22, 2018 \|access-date=April 25, 2020}} Training curriculum and support materials.</ref> ==Online database: WorldCat== Line 110 ⟶ 116: ==Criticism== In May 2008, OCLC was criticized by [[Jeffrey Beall]] for [[Monopoly\|monopolistic]] practices, among other faults.<ref name="oclc.2008">{{cite book\|chapter-url=https://eprints.rclis.org/11701/1/radcat.pdf\|title=Radical Cataloging: Essays at the Front\|last=Beall\|first=Jeffrey\|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]\|year=2008\|isbn=978-0786435432\|editor-last=Roberto\|editor-first=K.R.\|location=Jefferson, NC\|pages=85–93\|chapter=OCLC: A Review\|oclc=173241123\|access-date=May 16, 2017\|archive-date=May 25, 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525193438/https://eprints.rclis.org/11701/1/radcat.pdf\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Library blogger Rick Mason responded that although he thought Beall had some "valid criticisms" of OCLC, he demurred from some of Beall's statements and warned readers to "beware the hyperbole and the personal nature of his criticism, for they strongly overshadow that which is worth stating".<ref>{{cite web \|last=Mason \|first=Rick \|date=June 10, 2008 \|title=OCLC: A Review (a review) \|url=https://www.libology.com/blog/2008/06/10/oclc-a-review-a-review.html \|website=~~libology.com~~ Libology Blog \|access-date=2020-02-07 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207170513/https://www.libology.com/blog/2008/06/10/oclc-a-review-a-review.html \|archive-date=2020-02-07 \|url-status=dead}}</ref> In November 2008, the Board of Directors of OCLC unilaterally issued a new Policy for Use and Transfer of WorldCat Records<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://marc.coffeecode.net/oclc_2008_11_02/\|title=Policy for Use and Transfer of WorldCat Records\|website=~~marc.coffeecode.net~~File_MARC package for PHP \|access-date=2020-02-06\|archive-date=December 6, 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206170445/http://marc.coffeecode.net/oclc_2008_11_02/\|url-status=live}} Archived image of OCLC webpage dated November 2, 2008.</ref> that would have required member libraries to include an OCLC policy note on their [[bibliographic record]]s; the policy caused an uproar among librarian bloggers.<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://wiki.code4lib.org/OCLC_Policy_Change \|title=OCLC Policy Change \|website=Code4Lib wiki~~.code4lib.org~~ \|date=2008–2010 \|access-date=2020-07-18 \|archive-date=August 6, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010531/https://wiki.code4lib.org/OCLC_Policy_Change \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="McKenzie">{{cite ~~techreport~~tech report \|last=McKenzie \|first=Elizabeth \|date=January 2012 \|title=OCLC changes its rules for use of records in WorldCat: library community pushback through blogs and cultures of resistance \|number=Research paper 12-06 \|location=Boston \|institution=[[Suffolk University Law School]] \|url=https://ssrn.com/abstract=1988221 \|access-date=October 8, 2017 \|archive-date=March 14, 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314100738/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1988221 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Among those who protested the policy was the non-librarian activist [[Aaron Swartz]], who believed the policy would threaten projects such as the [[Open Library]], [[Zotero]], and Wikipedia, and who started a petition to "Stop the OCLC powergrab".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://watchdog.net/c/stop-oclc\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218011827/http://watchdog.net/c/stop-oclc\|archive-date=2009-02-18\|url-status=dead\|title=Stop the OCLC powergrab!\|date=2009-02-18\|website=watchdog.net\|access-date=2020-02-06}}</ref><ref name="watchdog.net">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/oclcscam.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604072755/http://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/oclcscam.html\|archive-date=2011-06-04\|url-status=dead\|title=Stealing Your Library: The OCLC Powergrab (Aaron Swartz's Raw Thought)\|date=2011-06-04\|website=aaronsw.com\|access-date=2020-02-06}}</ref> Swartz's petition garnered 858 signatures, but the details of his proposed actions went largely unheeded.<ref name="McKenzie" /> Within a few months, the library community had forced OCLC to retract its policy and to create a Review Board to consult with member libraries more transparently.<ref name="McKenzie" /> In August 2012, OCLC recommended that member libraries adopt the [[Open Data Commons]] Attribution (ODC-BY) license when sharing library catalog data, although some member libraries have explicit agreements with OCLC that they can publish catalog data using the [[CC0]] Public Domain Dedication.<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://creativecommons.org/2012/08/14/library-catalog-metadata-open-licensing-or-public-domain/ \|title=Library catalog metadata: Open licensing or public domain? \|first=Timothy \|last=Vollmer \|work=[[Creative Commons]] \|date=August 14, 2012 \|access-date=2020-02-06 \|archive-date=April 21, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421051326/https://creativecommons.org/2012/08/14/library-catalog-metadata-open-licensing-or-public-domain/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.infodocket.com/2014/02/14/library-data-national-library-of-sweden-signs-agreement-with-oclc-re-cc0-license/ \|title=Metadata/Catalog Records: National Library of Sweden Signs Agreement With OCLC Re: CC0 License \|first=Gary \|last=Price \|work=[[Library Journal]] \|date=February 14, 2014 \|access-date=2020-02-06 \|archive-date=April 18, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418094622/https://www.infodocket.com/2014/02/14/library-data-national-library-of-sweden-signs-agreement-with-oclc-re-cc0-license/ \|url-status=live }}</ref> ▲In July 2010, the company was sued by SkyRiver, a rival startup, in an [[Competition law\|antitrust suit]].<ref name="kc.201007">{{cite web \|url=https://kcoyle.blogspot.com/2010/07/skyriver-sues-oclc-over-anti-trust.html \|first=Karen \|last=Coyle \|title=SkyRiver Sues OCLC over Anti-Trust \|publisher=Karen Coyle \|date=July 29, 2010 \|access-date=April 12, 2012 \|archive-date=April 17, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417042522/https://kcoyle.blogspot.com/2010/07/skyriver-sues-oclc-over-anti-trust.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Library automation company [[Innovative Interfaces]] joined SkyRiver in the suit.<ref name="lj.264">{{cite web \|url=https://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/home/886099-264/skyriver_and_innovative_interfaces_file.html.csp \|title=SkyRiver and Innovative Interfaces File Major Antitrust Lawsuit Against OCLC \|first=Marshall \|last=Breeding \|work=[[Library Journal]] \|date=July 29, 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802044208/https://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/home/886099-264/skyriver_and_innovative_interfaces_file.html.csp \|archive-date=August 2, 2010 }}</ref> The suit was dropped in March 2013, however, following the acquisition of SkyRiver by Innovative Interfaces.<ref name="id.20130304">{{cite web \|url=https://www.infodocket.com/2013/03/04/innovative-interfaces-integrates-all-skyriver-services-and-withdraws-antitrust-lawsuit-against-oclc/ \|title=III Drops OCLC Suit, Will Absorb SkyRiver \|first=Gary \|last=Price \|work=[[Library Journal]] \|date=March 4, 2013 \|access-date=February 7, 2020 \|archive-date=April 18, 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418015212/https://www.infodocket.com/2013/03/04/innovative-interfaces-integrates-all-skyriver-services-and-withdraws-antitrust-lawsuit-against-oclc/ \|url-status=live }}</ref> ▲Innovative Interfaces was later bought by [[ExLibris]], therefore passing OCLC as the dominant supplier of [[Integrated library system\|ILS]] services in the US (over 70% market share for academic libraries and over 50% for public libraries for ExLibris, versus OCLC's 10% market share of both types of libraries in 2019).<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=April 25, 2020\|last=Schonfeld\|first=Roger C.\|title=What Are the Larger Implications of Ex Libris Buying Innovative?\|url=https://sr.ithaka.org/blog/what-are-the-larger-implications-of-ex-libris-buying-innovative/\|website=sr.ithaka.org\|date=2019-12-05\|archive-date=June 12, 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612014535/https://sr.ithaka.org/blog/what-are-the-larger-implications-of-ex-libris-buying-innovative/\|url-status=live}}</ref> ==See also== Line 138 ⟶ 141: ==External links== {{~~commons~~Commons category~~\|OCLC~~}} * {{Official website}} ~~{{cite~~ ~~web \|url=~~[https://hangingtogether.org/ ~~\|title=~~Hanging Together – the OCLC Research blog}}] ~~{{cite~~ ~~web \|url=~~[https://cdm15003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15003coll7 ~~\|title=~~OCLC Annual Reports collection] at the ~~\|website=~~OCLC Archives}} {{Authority control}} ▲{{Coord\|40.1025\|-83.1269\|display=title}} [[Category:OCLC\| ]] Line 151 ⟶ 152: [[Category:Bibliographic database providers]] [[Category:Companies based in Dublin, Ohio]] [[Category:Cooperatives based in ~~the United States~~Ohio]] [[Category:Library automation]] [[Category:Library cataloging and classification]]