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{{Short description|Bangladeshi philosopher}}
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{{Peacock|date=October 2015}}
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{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name = Aroj Ali Matubbar
| image = Aroj Ali Matubbar
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1900|12|17|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Charbaria Lamchari]], [[Barisal District]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bangladesh]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1985|3|15|1900|12|17|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Barisal]], Bangladesh
| years_active =
| occupation = [[Rationalist]], self-taught [[philosopher]]
| nationality = Bangladeshi
| citizenship = [[Bangladesh]]
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| education = No formal institutional degree
| period =
| spouse = ▼
| children = ▼
▲| spouse =
| relatives = ▼
▲| children =
| movement = ▼
▲| relatives =
| notableworks = ''[[Satyer Sandhan]]''{{·}}''[[Sristirahasya]]''{{·}}[[Anuman]]{{·}}[[Muktaman]]
▲| movement =
| awards = Life Member of [[Bangla Academy]]{{·}}''[[Humayun Kabir (Bengal politician)|Humayun Kabir]] Smriti Puraskar''{{·}}Award of Honour by the [[Barisal]] branch of ''[[Udichi]] Shilpigoshti''▼
| signature = ▼
▲| awards = Life Member of [[Bangla Academy]]{{·}}''[[Humayun Kabir]] Smriti Puraskar''{{·}}Award of Honour by the [[Barisal]] branch of ''[[Udichi]] Shilpigoshti''
| website =
▲| signature =
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}}
'''Aroj Ali Matubbar''' (
▲'''Aroj Ali Matubbar''' ({{lang-bn|আরজ আলী মাতুব্বর}}; 17 December 1900{{snd}}15 March 1985) was a self-taught [[philosopher]] and [[rationalist]] from [[Bangladesh]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|last1=Roy|first1=Pradip Kumar|title=Matubbar, Aroj Ali|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Matubbar,_Aroj_Ali|website=Banglapedia|publisher=Bangladesh Asiatic Society|accessdate=15 October 2016}}</ref>
==Early life and education==
Matubbar lost his father at a young age. When he was 12 years old, his inherited plot of {{convert|2|acre|m2}} of land was auctioned off because he could not pay land taxes as a minor. He was later evicted from his ancestral homestead by a local usurper. Matubbar survived through charity and by working as a farm laborer.
He could not afford to attend school and relied on free maqtab religious instruction at a local [[mosque]]. He did not accept the rigid learning methods, and therefore left the mosque. A benefactor helped him finish the Bengali primers. Matubbar continued to read extensively after that. Philosophy was the subject that interested him the most. A philosophy teacher at [[B M College]], Kazi Ghulam Quadir helped him borrow books from the college library.
==Philosophy==
Matubbar is known for his critical and [[Freethought|freethinking]] views on religion, superstition, and traditional beliefs. His works challenged many established norms and religious dogmas, particularly within the context of Islam, which is the predominant [[religion in Bangladesh]].
Matubbar's most famous work is "Tariqat Shikkha" ("Teachings of the Way"). In this book, he questioned various religious practices, rituals, and superstitions and advocated for a more rational and scientific approach to understanding the world. His writings often provoked controversy and debate in Bangladesh, as they challenged deeply held religious beliefs and traditions.
His book "Satyer Sandhane" (The Quest for Truth) led to his arrest and detention by the authorities. Throughout his life, he experienced persistent harassment and threats due to his writings, many of which critically engaged with religious tenets and claims.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Selim |first=Nasima |date=2010 |title=An extraordinary truth? The Ādam "suicide" notes from Bangladesh |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13674670903061230 |journal=Mental Health, Religion & Culture |language=English |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=223–244 |doi=10.1080/13674670903061230 |s2cid=145789923 |issn=1367-4676}}</ref>
==Death==
== ''Satyer Sandhan'' ==
Matubbar
“I was thinking of many things, my mind was full of questions, but haphazardly. I then started jotting down questions, not for writing a book, but only to remember these questions later. Those questions were driving my mind towards an endless ocean and I was gradually drifting away from the fold of religion.”
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He made six propositions in this book, which reflected the nature of his philosophical questions. These are:
Proposition 1 : dealt with the soul, containing 8 questions<br>Proposition 2 : dealt with God, containing as many as 11 questions<br>Proposition 3 : dealt with the after-world, containing as many as 7 questions<br>Proposition 4 : dealt with religious matters, containing as many as 22 questions<br>Proposition 5 : dealt with Nature, containing as many as 10 questions<br>Proposition 6 : dealt with remaining matters, containing as many as 9 questions
The eight questions he posed in the first proposition exemplify his approach. These are (a) Who am I (self)?, (b) Is Life incorporeal or corporal ? (c) Is mind and his/soul one, and the same? (d) What is the relationship of life with the body and the mind? (e) Can we recognize or identify life? (f) Am I free? (g) Will the soul without body continue to have "knowledge" even after it leaves the body at death? and finally (h) How does life can come into and go out of the body?
==Books==
Matubbar was considered an unusual type of writer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mukto-mona.com/Special_Event_/5_yrs_anniv/sirajul_islam_chy/aroj1.htm |title=5 years of Mukto-Mona |website=Mukto Mona |language=bn}}</ref> In Bangladesh, his writings were censored because they allegedly
* ''
* ''
* ''Anuman'' (Estimation) (1983)
* ''Muktaman'' (Free Mind) (1988)
Several of his unpublished manuscripts were later published posthumously under the title
==Recognition and awards==
Matubbar was not well known
* Life Member of [[Bangla Academy]], inducted in 1985;
* Awarded [[Humayun Kabir
* Award of Honour by the [[Barisal]] branch of [[Bangladesh Udichi Shilpigoshthi]] in 1982.<ref name=":0" />
Matubbar inspired numerous articles, reviews, novels and stage dramas based on his life and his writings.<ref name=":1" />
==References==
{{Reflist}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2010}}
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[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi humanists]]
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[[Category:Honorary Fellows of Bangla Academy]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi philosophers]]
[[Category:People from Barisal District]]
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