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{{Short description| Russian Grandgrand duke Duke(1827–1892)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich
| title = [[Grand Duke of Russia]]
| image = Romanov, Constantin Nicolaievitch, Grand-Duc de Russie, Gallica, Nadar.jpg
| caption = Photograph, {{circa|1880}}
| succession = 9th [[Namiestnik of Poland|Viceroy of the Kingdom of Poland]]
{{Infobox officeholder/office
{{labeldata|In office|27 May 1862 – 19 October 1863}}
| termstart = 27 May 1862
{{labeldata|Monarch|[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]}}
| termend = 19 October 1863
|predecessor = [[Alexander von Lüders]]▼
|successor monarch = [[FriedrichAlexander WilhelmII Rembertof vonRussia|Alexander BergII]]
▲| predecessor = [[Alexander von Lüders]]
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1827|9|21|df= y}}▼
| successor = [[Friedrich Wilhelm Rembert von Berg]]
|birth_place = [[Winter Palace]], [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]]▼
}}
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1892|1|25|1827|9|21|df= y}}▼
▲| birth_date = {{Birth date|1827|9|21|df= y}}
|death_place = [[Pavlovsk Palace]], [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg|Pavlovsk]], Russian Empire
|place ofbirth_place burial= [[GrandWinter Ducal MausoleumPalace]], St.[[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]]
▲| death_date = {{Death date and age|1892|1|25|1827|9|21|df= y}}
|spouse = {{marriage| [[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg]]|11 September 1848}}▼
▲|birth_place death_place = [[WinterPavlovsk Palace]], [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg|Pavlovsk]], [[Russian Empire]]
|issue = [[Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich]]<br/>[[Olga Constantinovna of Russia|Olga Konstantinovna, Queen of the Hellenes]]<br/>[[Grand Duchess Vera Konstantinovna of Russia|Vera Konstantinovna, Duchess Eugen of Württemberg]]<br/>[[Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich]]<br/>[[Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Dimitri Konstantinovich]]<br/>[[Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich]]
| place of burial = [[Grand Ducal Mausoleum]], St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
|issue-link = #Children▼
▲| spouse = {{marriage| [[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg|Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg]]|11 September 1848}}
|issue-pipe = ▼
|father issue = [[Nicholas I of Russia]]= {{plainlist|
*[[Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1850–1918)▼
|mother = [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)|Charlotte of Prussia]]▼
*[[Olga Constantinovna of Russia|Olga Konstantinovna, Queen of the Hellenes]]
|full name = Konstantin Nikolayevich Romanov▼
*[[Grand Duchess Vera Konstantinovna of Russia|Vera Konstantinovna, Duchess Eugen of Württemberg]]
|house = [[House of Romanov|Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov]]▼
*[[Grand Duke VyacheslavKonstantin Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke VyacheslavKonstantin Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1862–1879); died of [[brain hemorrhage]]▼
| religion = [[Russian Orthodox]]
*[[Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Dimitri Konstantinovich]]
*[[Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich]]
}}
▲| issue-link = #ChildrenMarriage and issue
▲| issue-pipe =
| father = [[Nicholas I of Russia]]
▲| mother = [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)|Charlotte of Prussia]]
▲| full name = Konstantin Nikolayevich Romanov
▲| house = [[House of Romanov|Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov]]
}}
 
'''[[Grand prince|Grand Duke]] Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia''' ({{lang-ru|Великий князь Константин Николаевич}}; 21 September 1827 – 25 January 1892) was the second son of [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]] and his wife [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)|Charlotte of Prussia]], and the [[Emperor of Russia|Emperor]]'s [[Namestnik of Kingdom of Poland|Viceroy of Poland]] from 1862 to 1863 and a [[general admiral]] of the [[Imperial Russian Navy]].
 
== Early life ==
Konstantin Nikolayevich was born as the second son of [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]] and his wife, [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)|Charlotte of Prussia]], daughter of [[Frederick William III of Prussia]] and his first wife, [[Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]].
 
== Biography ==
The Grand Duke was a supporter of the liberal (sometimes referred to as "enlightened") bureaucrats during the period of his brother [[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]'s great reforms. He served as chairman of the [[Imperial Russian Geographical Society]] (founded in 1845). The Geographical Society was subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which was home to a conspicuous number of {{ill|liberal bureaucrats|ru|Либеральные бюрократы}}, including [[Nikolai Miliutin]].
 
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Konstantin's brother, Alexander II of Russia was supposed{{by whom|date=April 2021}} to have said: "Let the Poles have their own court and intrigues." Though the Grand Duke tried to show a liberal attitude towards the Poles, his efforts came too late and he was recalled with the outbreak of the [[January Uprising]] in 1863.
 
== Marriage and issue ==
==Children==
In the [[Winter Palace]] in [[St Petersburg]], on 11 September 1848, Konstantin married [[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg|Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg]], indaughter 1848;of [[Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]] and his wife, [[Duchess Amelia of Württemberg]]. theyThey had six children.:
 
▲*[[Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1850–1918)
*[[Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1850–1918)
*[[Olga Constantinovna of Russia|Olga Konstantinovna, Queen of the Hellenes]] (1851–1926)
*[[Grand Duchess Vera Konstantinovna of Russia|Grand Duchess Vera Konstantinovna of Russia]] (1854–1912)
*[[Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia|]] (1858–1915)
*[[Grand Duke KonstantinDmitry Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1858–19151860–1919)
*[[Grand Duke DmitryVyacheslav Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand]] Duke(1862–1879); Dmitry Konstantinovichdied of Russia[[brain hemorrhage]] (1860–1919)
▲*[[Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich of Russia|Grand Duke Vyacheslav Konstantinovich of Russia]] (1862–1879); died of [[brain hemorrhage]]
 
At the end of the 1860s, Konstantin embarked on an affair, having an illegitimate daughter, Marie Condousso.
 
Konstantin had five illegitimate children with his mistress Anna Kuznetsova[[Kuznetsov]]a (1847–1922); they bore the last name Knyazev:
*Sergey Konstantinovich Knyazev (1873–1873); died as an infant.
*Marina Konstantinovna Knyazeva (8 December 1875 –  8 June 1941); married Alexander Pavlovich Erchov on April 23 April 1894. They havehad nine children.
*Anna Konstantinovna Knyazeva (16 March 1878 [[Saint Petersburg]] – 5 February 1920); married Nicholas Lialine on 17 April 17 1898. They havehad three children.
*Izmail Konstantinovich Knyazev (1879–18852 August 1879 – 1885); died of [[scarlet fever]].
*Lev Konstantinovich Knyazev (1883–1885April 1883 – 1885); died of scarlet fever.
 
Konstantin was the paternal great-great-grandfather of King [[Charles III]] of the United Kingdom, since his daughter Olga married [[George I of Greece]], whose son [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark|Andrew]] married [[Princess Alice of Battenberg|Alice Battenberg]], and they became the parents of [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Philip]], Charles' father. Through [[Constantine I of Greece]], another son of Olga and George I, Konstantin is also the paternal great-great-grandfather of [[Queen Sofía of Spain]], mother of King [[Felipe VI]].
 
== In Fictionfiction ==
The Grand Duke is a central character in Act III of the novel ''Forty-Ninth''<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Boris|first1=Pronsky|title=Forty-Ninth|last2=Britton|first2=Craig|isbn=9798201386238|pages=114–171|language=English}}</ref> by Boris Pronsky and Craig Britton. In the book, Konstantin is the brains behind the liberal reforms of his brother, Russian Emperor Alexander II, as well as the [[Alaska Purchase|sale of Alaska]] to the United States.
 
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;Foreign orders and decorations
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon|Sweden|1818}} [[Sweden-Norway]]:<ref>{{citation|title=Sveriges och Norges Statskalender |year=1876|pages=[httphttps://runeberg.org/sonkal/1876/0509.html 473], [httphttps://runeberg.org/sonkal/1876/0753.html 717]|url=httphttps://runeberg.org/sonkal/1876/0001.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=20 February 2019|language=sv}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Seraphim|Knight of the Seraphim]], ''12 June 1838''
** [[Order of St. Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], ''11 August 1865''
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** Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal [[House Order of Hohenzollern]], ''9 December 1865''
* {{flag|Denmark}}: [[Order of the Elephant|Knight of the Elephant]], ''23 July 1844''<ref>{{cite book|author=Jørgen Pedersen|title=Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glw-AQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Syddansk Universitetsforlag|language=da|isbn=978-87-7674-434-2|page=468}}</ref>
* {{flag|Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}: [[Order of the White Falcon|Grand Cross of the White Falcon]], ''19 September 1846''<ref>''Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach'' (1859), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" [https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00183885/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_13_0218.tif p. 12] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822024219/https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00183885/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_13_0218.tif |date=22 August 2019 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Altenburg}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Meiningen}} [[Ernestine duchies]]: Grand Cross of the [[Saxe-Ernestine House Order]], ''October 1846''<ref>''Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha'' (1847), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. [https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00244774/Sachsen_Coburg_Gotha_165771801_1847_0045.tif?logicalDiv=jportal_jparticle_00476515 27]</ref>
* {{flag|Württemberg}}: [[Order of the Crown (Württemberg)|Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown]], ''1846''<ref name="Württemberg1869">{{cite book|author=Württemberg|title=Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg: 1869|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awdTAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR1|year=1869|page=[https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=awdTAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA31 31]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Hanover}}:<ref>{{cite book|title=Hof- und Staats-Handbuch für das Königreich Hannover|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zp9jAAAAcAAJ|year=1854|publisher=Berenberg|pages=[https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=zp9jAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA33 33] [https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=zp9jAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA63 63]}}</ref>
** [[Order of St. George (Hanover)|Knight of St. George]], ''1847''
** Grand Cross of the [[Royal Guelphic Order]], ''1847''
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** Knight of the [[Military Order of Maria Theresa]], ''1849''
* {{flag|Kingdom of Bavaria}}: [[Order of St. Hubert|Knight of St. Hubert]], ''1849''<ref name="Bayern1867">{{cite book|author=Bayern|title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern: 1867|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_nTBRAAAAcAAJ|year=1867|publisher=Landesamt|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_nTBRAAAAcAAJ/page/n33/mode/2up 9]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Duchy of Parma}}:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Almanacco di corte|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EqYSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP11|date=1858|access-date=2019-04-24|language=it|pages=[https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=EqYSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA240 240], [https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=EqYSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA318 318]}}</ref>
** Grand Cross of St. Louis for Civil Merit, ''1850''
** [[Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George|Senator Grand Cross of the Constantinian Order of St. George]], ''1852''
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* {{flagicon image|Flag of Italy (1861–1946).svg}} [[Kingdom of Sardinia]]: [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation|Knight of the Annunciation]], ''26 February 1857''<ref name="Cibrario1869">{{cite book|author=Luigi Cibrario|title=Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2aP6enNFoYC&pg=PA116|year=1869|publisher=Eredi Botta|page=116}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Second French Empire|French Empire]]: Grand Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]], ''May 1857''<ref>{{cite book| author = M. & B. Wattel. | title = Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers |location= Paris |date = 2009 |publisher= Archives & Culture | page = 515 | isbn = 978-2-35077-135-9| ref = M. et B. Wattel}}</ref>
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]] (military), ''1 June 1857''<ref name="Veldekens1858">{{cite book|author=Ferdinand Veldekens|title=Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6lAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP11|year=1858|publisher=lelong|page=[https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=_6lAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA213 213]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Baden}}:<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden'' (1858), "Großherzogliche Orden" [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1871745 pp. 34], [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1871759 48]</ref>
** Knight of the [[House Order of Fidelity]], ''1857''
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[[Category:1827 births]]
[[Category:1892 deaths]]
[[Category:Russian grandGrand dukes of Russia]]
[[Category:House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov]]
[[Category:Imperial Russian Navy admirals]]
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[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary]]
[[Category:Knights Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa]]
[[Category:Grand CroixCross of the LégionLegion d'honneurof Honour]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Military Order of William]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)]]
[[Category:Children of Nicholas I of Russia]]
[[Category:Sons of Russian emperors]]
[[Category:Burials at Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg]]
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