Content deleted Content added
→Location and structure: Sooo many "moss stream" places in Bavaria & Austria... Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
→Preparing for the 1972 Summer Olympics: Restore section header |
||
| (46 intermediate revisions by 31 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Urban park in Munich}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{
{{Infobox park
| name = Olympiapark
| logo = Olympiapark_(Munich)_logo.svg
| photo =
| photo_width =
| photo_caption = Olympiapark
| type = [[Urban park]]
| location = [[Munich]], Bavaria, Germany
| mapframe-zoom = 12
| area = {{convert|0.85|km2|abbr=on}}
| created = {{start date|1972}}
Line 15 ⟶ 18:
| open =
}}
The '''Olympiapark
==Location and structure==
{{Olympic Park Munich Map}}
The use of the term ''Olympiapark'' to designate the overall area has prevailed as a semiofficial practice, but no official name for the entire area exists.
The general area comprises four separate sub-areas:<ref name=Otto>Otto Haas, Wolfgang Kösler (Red.): Offizieller Olympiaführer der Spiele der XX. Olympiade München 1972. Organisationskomitee für die Spiele der XX. Olympiade München 1972. Atlas Verlag, München 1972. {{ISBN|3-920053-00-1}}</ref>
Line 30 ⟶ 34:
==History==
===Third Reich===
Up until 1939, [[Oberwiesenfeld Army Airfield|Oberwiesenfeld]]
===Post-WWII years===
After 1945, the Oberwiesenfeld area remained fallow, and was known as a ''"Trümmerberg,"'' which in German refers to a hill erected from the rubble resulting from the destruction caused by bombings during the war.
Following the war, the US Army occupied this area and had facilities at the Oberwiesefeld. In October 1957, the Army housed most of the refugees from the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956|Hungarian Revolution]] in a camp at this facility.
Line 41 ⟶ 44:
Apart from infrastructure projects such as the Oberwiesenfeld Ice Rink, the area remained largely vacant during the post-war decades and presented an ideal site for the construction of the Olympic Stadium and complex.
===Preparing for the 1972 Summer Olympics===
After the International Olympic Committee awarded Munich the Olympic Games in 1966, plans were solidified for the urban redevelopment of the Oberwiesenfeld area.
Line 47 ⟶ 50:
[[File:Olympic Roof Munich, July 2018 -02.jpg|thumb|Detail of the tensile membrane roof]]
[[File:Olympia Park, Munich, Germany.jpg|thumb|Olympia Park, Munich, Germany]]
Germany chose the concept of a "green Olympic Games", with an emphasis on democratic ideals. Officials sought to integrate optimism toward the future with a positive attitude toward technology, and in so doing set aside memories of the past, such as the Olympic Games of 1936 in [[Berlin]] under Hitler. The architecture firm of
The name "Olympiapark" was related to the city's administrative commission practice for naming metro stations along the U- and S-Bahn (subway and metropolitan railroad) routes in the city area. On 3 November 1969 it had chosen the name "Olympiapark" for the [[Olympiazentrum (Munich U-Bahn)|subway station at the Olympic village]], set on the U3 line of the [[Munich U-Bahn]]. This naming decision was based on the idea that the name "Olympiapark" related well to the central theme of a "green Olympic Games". It also related to the central function of the U-Bahn station, which, together with the bus station, served all sports venues and important sectors of the area. The term quickly entered into quasi-official common parlance, and consequently into media use. In most situations, the meaning established by the administrative commission is used to describe the entire area, not just the U-Bahn station, as was originally intended.<ref>{{cite web|last=j|first=m|title=mr|url=http://www.flyingmast.com/?p=181|
== Transportation==▼
Using public transportation, the [[Munich U-Bahn]]'s U3 line provides a direct route: From [[Münchner Freiheit]] (a plaza in the Munich district of [[Schwabing]], located on Leopoldstraße), the line connects to Olympiapark via Schwabing and the midtown area. In 2007, the U3 line was extended to continue on to [[Oberwiesenfeld (Munich U-Bahn)|Oberwiesenfeld station]] at the northern end of the Olympic Village and Olympia-Einkaufszentrum mall at the far areas of the Park. The continuation to [[Munich Moosach station|Moosach]], where the line connects to the S1 [[Munich S-Bahn|S-Bahn]] line, was completed in 2010. [[Olympiazentrum (Munich U-Bahn)|Olympiazentrum]] U-Bahn station is a central stop for the [[Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft|MVG bus]] line. The southern and western portions of the Olympiapark will also be connected via [[Munich tramway|Munich tram]] lines 12, 20, 21, and 27. As these areas are remote from the northern part of Olympiapark, they are primarily of interest for the annual Tollwood music festival held there each summer.
Line 66 ⟶ 69:
===Olympic Stadium===
{{main|Olympic Stadium, Munich}}
[[File:Munich Olympic Stadium (37075834470).jpg|thumb|Olympic Stadium, Munich, Germany]]
[[File:Wm-oly-de-cr.jpg|thumb|Supporters assisting at the [[2006 FIFA World Cup Group A#Germany vs Costa Rica|opening match]] of the finals tournament of 2006 FIFA World Cup]]
The central
{{Multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| total_width =
| image1 =
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Partial view of The Olympiapark (a view down of the [[Olympiaturm]] to the [[Olympic Stadium, Munich|Olympic Stadium]], on the right: [[Olympiahalle|Olympia Halle]], left: [[
| image2 = Olympark.JPG
| caption2 = General view of the Aquatic Center, park, pond and communication tower (Olympiaturm)
}}
=== Olympic Hall ===
{{main|Olympiahalle}}
Also designed by the architecture firm of Behnisch and Partners, Olympic Hall is a sport and recreational facility located northeast of the Olympic Stadium. Its capacity is 12,
=== Small Olympic Hall ===
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}
Line 94 ⟶ 95:
=== Aquatic Center ===
{{Expand section|date=June 2008}}
{{main|Olympia Schwimmhalle}}
Line 102:
===Olympic Ice Sports Center===
The Olympic Icestadion was built from April 1965 by the plans of Rolf Schütze and opened on 12 February 1967 with the [[ice hockey]] game between [[FC Bayern Munich]] and [[SC Riessersee]]. After using it for the 1969 World Table Tennis Championships, the Icestadion was used for the Olympic Summer games 1972 for the Boxsports. The stadium has a capacity for 6,142 visitors<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.redbullmuenchen.de/stadion|title = EHC Red Bull München}}</ref> and is used for the games of the team of [[EHC Red Bull München]] at the [[Deutsche Eishockey Liga]].
On the left site of the Icestadion stands an open air ice skating rink. In 1980 it was decided to build a roof over the open air rink in order to have it operational during the whole year independent of the weather conditions.<ref>Tensinet {{cite web |url=http://www.tensinet.com/database/viewProject/3834 |title=
On the right side of the Icestadion 1991 the new training hall for the Icesport world championship was built over the parking area after the plans of Kurt Ackermann<ref>{{cite web|title=Leistungszentrum für Eiskunstlauf im Olympiapark|url=http://www.ackermannarchitekten.com/entry/leistungszentrum-fuer-eiskunstlauf-im-olympiapark/|publisher=Ackermann Architekten BDA|language=
=== Velodrome ===
{{main|Radstadion}}
===Olympic Tower===
{{main|Olympiaturm}}
The '''Olympiaturm''' has an overall height of 291 m and a weight of 52,500 tonnes. At a height of 190 m there is an observation platform as well as a small rock and roll museum housing various memorabilia. Since its opening in 1968 the tower has registered over 35 million visitors (as of 2004). At a height of 182 m there is a revolving restaurant that seats 230 people. A full revolution takes 53 minutes. The tower has one [[Deutsche Telekom]] maintenance elevator with a speed of 4 m/s, as well as two visitor lifts with a speed of 7 m/s which have a capacity of about 30 people per cabin. The travel time from the ground to the viewing platform is about 30 seconds.
===East-West Peace Church===
{{main|East-West Peace Church}}
The [[East-West Peace Church]], which Munich's former [[mayor]] [[Christian Ude]] described as "Munich's most charming black building," dates back to pre-Olympic times. The [[Russians|Russian]] [[hermit]] Timofej Wassiljewitsch Prochorow built the church in 1952, along with his wife, without a [[Planning permission|building permit]], from remains of a nearby rubble mountain. Upon completion, Timofej offered his church building to both the [[Catholic Church]] and the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] in Munich as a place of worship. However, those in charge of each rejected the offer, as the Catholics saw too many elements of the Orthodox in the building, and the Orthodox in turn saw too many Catholic elements. As a result, Timofey himself celebrated the [[liturgy]]. The East-West Peace Church was completely destroyed by fire on June 11, 2023. According to [[BR24]] from June 11, 2023, the former mayor of Munich, Christian Ude, publicly advocated the reconstruction of the East-West Peace Church as a symbol of hope for peace.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schleicher |first=Michael |date=2023-06-11 |title=Feuer im Olympiapark: Friedenskirche von Väterchen Timofej komplett niedergebrannt |url=https://www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de/muenchen/feuer-im-olympiapark-friedenskirche-von-vaeterchen-timofej-komplett-niedergebrannt-art-907193 |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-11 |title=München: Väterchen Timofejs Ost-West-Friedenskirche abgebrannt |url=https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/vaeterchen-timofejs-ost-west-friedenskirche-abgebrannt,TgrSpa5 |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=BR24 |language=de}}</ref>
=== Olympic Village ===
Line 129 ⟶ 132:
==== Carillon ====
The [[carillon]], built in 1972, was one of five carillons in [[Bavaria]]. Rather than occupying a traditional [[bell tower]], it was set on an open framework with the
In 2007, the Olympic Carillon was dismantled due to restructuring measures in the Olympic Park. It was reinstalled in 2012, with American [[carillonneur]] Jim Saenger "ringing in" the rebuilt carillon with a concert on April 16, 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-apr-16-2012-carillon-at-olympic-park-in-munich-west-germany-rung-in-69549957.html |title=Apr. 16, 2012 - Carillon at Olympic Park in Munich/ West Germany: ''Rung in'': Was now in the Munich Olympia-Park the new ''carillon season''! American Jim Saenger, living in the Federal Republic of Germany, played the musical instrument for the first time since years - and gave pleasure to a lot of auditors by this. The carillon, composed of 49 bronze-bells and about five metres tall, has been set up in connection with the Olympic Summer-Games in 1972. Sorry - only a short time later the mechanism of the cylinder got broken and it would have been too expensive to repair it Stock Photo - Alamy |website=www.alamy.com |access-date=December 13, 2018}}</ref>
▲The carillon, built in 1972, was one of five carillons in Bavaria. Rather than occupying a traditional bell tower, it was set on an open framework with the bells exposed to view. It was built for the 1972 Summer Olympics on Coubertinplatz, the central square in the Olympic Park. It was made by the Dutch bell foundry Eijsbouts and has a range of 50 bells (originally 49 bells, 1991 retrofit a Cis bell).
==== Munich Olympic Walk Of Stars ====
In 2003 the Munich Olympic Walk of Stars was constructed as a path from the Olympic Sea, als Weg am Olympiasee, in the style of the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]. Celebrities leave their hand- and footprints behind in the concrete. Singer [[Howard Carpendale]] was the first to do so, and since then roughly 30 personalities from culture and sport have left impressions of themselves behind.
== Regular events (apart from concerts) ==
[[File:Olympiastadion_at_dusk.JPG|thumb|Summer Festival]]
[[File:Red Bull Crashed Ice 2010 Strecke mit Start.jpg|thumb|Red Bull Crashed Ice 2010]]
[[File:Münchner Sommernachtstraum.jpg|thumb|Musikfireworks show at the [[Münchner Sommernachtstraum]] 2018]]
The Olympiapark host a number of regular events on a yearly basisː<ref>Katrin Schulze: Der Park als Spiellandschaft – zum Spielkonzept von 1972 für den Olympiapark München. In: Die Gartenkunst 28 (1/2016), S. 127–136</ref>
=== Olympic Hall ===
* [[Six-Day-Run]] (since 1972)
*
*
*
*
*
* [[Watchtower-Congress]] of the [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] (since 1973)▼
▲* Watchtower-Congress of the Jehovah's Witnesses (since 1973)
=== Olympic Swim Hall ===
Line 165 ⟶ 167:
* [[Tollwood Festival]] (summer music festival)
* Summerfest in Olympiapark
* [[Münchner Sommernachtstraum]]
== Public establishments ==
=== Education and learning ===
* Elementary school on Nadistrasse (known as "Nadischule")
Line 189 ⟶ 190:
==See also==
* [[Tensile structure|Tensile and membrane structures]]
* [[Zentrale Hochschulsportanlage]]
Line 197:
==External links==
{{Commons category|Olympiapark
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100309062114/http://www.olympiapark-muenchen.de/ Olympiapark München GmbH]
* [http://www.olypark.de/ www.olypark.de] (a student project of the [[Technical University of Munich|tum]]/dept Architecture)
Line 208:
* [http://gigapan.org/viewGigapan.php?id=9412 GigaPan ultra-high-resolution interactive panorama]
▲{{coord|48.17|N|11.55|E|region:DE-BY_type:landmark|display=title}}
{{Visitor attractions in Munich}}
{{1972 Summer Olympic venues}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Carillons]]
[[Category:Olympic Parks]]
[[Category:Venues of the 1972 Summer Olympics]]
| |||