Andrews Air Force Base: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
 
(14 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 2:
{{redirect|Andrews Field|other uses|Andrews Field (disambiguation)|the Philippine Air Force base|Edwin Andrews Air Base}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}{{Infobox military installation
| name = Andrews Air Force Base
| ensign =
| ensign_size =
| native_name =
| partof = <!-- for elements within a larger site -->
| location = [[Camp Springs, Maryland|Camp Springs]], [[Maryland]]
| nearest_town = <!-- used in military test site infobox -->
| country = the [[United States of America]]
| image = File:President_John_F._Kennedy_at_Andrews_Air_Force_Base,_Maryland,_27_April_1962.jpg
| image = File:US Navy 040611-A-6042E-040 Crowds gather on the flight line at Andrews Air Force Base during a departure ceremony, to pay respect for former President Ronald Reagan.jpg
| alt = President John F. Kennedy speaks with Secretary of State, Dean Rusk and Military Aide to the President, General Chester V. Clifton, upon his arrival aboard Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, following Easter vacation in Palm Beach, Florida., 27 April 1962
| alt = Crowds gather at Andrews AFB during 2004 to pay respect for former President Ronald Reagan, with a Boeing VC-25A, believed to be SAM 29000, of the 89th Airlift Wing in the background.
| caption = President John F. Kennedy speaks with Secretary of State, Dean Rusk and Military Aide to the President, General Chester V. Clifton, upon his arrival aboard Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, following Easter vacation in Palm Beach, Florida, 27 April 1962
| caption = Crowds gather at Andrews AFB in June 2004 to pay respects to former President [[Ronald Reagan]], with a [[Boeing VC-25|Boeing VC-25A]], of the [[89th Airlift Wing]] in the background.
| image2 =
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| type = US Air Force base
| coordinates = {{Coord|38|48|39|N|076|52|01|W|name=Andrews Field|display=title,inline}}
| gridref =
| image_map =
| image_mapsize =
| image_map_alt =
| image_map_caption =
| pushpin_map = USA
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_alt =
Line 31:
| pushpin_label = Andrews AFB
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mark =
| pushpin_marksize =
| ownership = [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]]
| operator = [[United States Air Force|US Air Force]]
| controlledby =
| open_to_public = <!-- for out of use sites/sites with museums etc -->
| site_other_label = <!-- for renaming "Other facilities" in infobox -->
| site_other = <!-- for other sorts of facilities – radar types etc -->
| site_area = <!-- area of site m2, km2 square mile etc -->
| code = <!--facility/installation code, applies to US -->
| built = {{Start date|1942}} (as Camp Springs Air Base)
| used = 1942 – 1 October {{End date|2009|10|01}}
| builder =
| materials =
| height = <!-- height of tallest part, not above sea level -->
| length = <!-- for border fences or other DMZs -->
| fate = Merged in 2009 to become an element of [[Joint Base Andrews|Joint Base Andrews-Naval Air Facility Washington]]
| condition =
| battles =
| events =
| current_commander =
| past_commanders = <!-- past notable commander(s) -->
| garrison =
| occupants = <!-- squadrons only -->
| designations =
| website = {{URL|https://web.archive.org/web/20090625123532/http://www.andrews.af.mil/|www.andrews.af.mil/}}
<!-- begin airfield information -->| IATA = ADW
| IATAICAO = ADWKADW
| ICAOFAA = KADWADW
| FAATC = ADW
| TCLID =
| LIDGPS =
| GPSWMO = 745940
| elevation = {{Convert|85.3|m|0}}
| WMO = 745940
| r1-number = 01R/19L
| elevation = {{Convert|85.3|m|0}}
| r1-length = {{Convert|2973.6|m|0}}
| r1-number = 01R/19L
| r1-surface = [[Asphalt concrete|asphalt]]/[[concrete]]
| r1-length = {{Convert|2973.6|m|0}}
| r2-number = 01L/19R
| r1-surface = [[asphalt]]/[[concrete]]
| r2-length = {{Convert|2840.1 |m|0}}
| r2-number = 01L/19R
| r2-surface = concrete
| r2-length = {{Convert|2840.1 |m|0}}
| r2h1-surfacenumber = concrete
| h1-length = <!-- {{Convert| |m|0}} -->
| h1-number =
| h1-lengthsurface = <!-- {{Convert| |m|0}}= -->
| h1-surface =
| airfield_other_label = <!-- for renaming "Other facilities" in infobox -->
| airfield_other = <!-- for other sorts of airfield facilities -->
<!-- end airfield information -->| footnotes = '''Source:''' https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/JFKWHP/1962/Month%2004/Day%2027/JFKWHP-1962-04-27-A?image_identifier=JFKWHP-KN-C21291#
<!-- end airfield information -->
| footnotes = '''Source:''' [[Federal Aviation Administration]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aeronav.faa.gov/d-tpp/1912/00561ad.pdf#nameddest=(ADW)|title=Airport Diagram – Joint Base Andrews (KADW)|date=7 November 2019|website=Federal Aviation Administration|access-date=26 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122225612/https://aeronav.faa.gov/d-tpp/1912/00561AD.PDF#nameddest=(ADW)|archive-date=22 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
 
'''Andrews Air Force Base''' ('''Andrews AFB''', '''AAFB''') is the airfield portion of [[Joint Base Andrews]], which is under the jurisdiction of the [[United States Air Force]] (USAF).<ref name=Sperling>{{cite web|last=Sperling |first=Capt. Robert |url=http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123171867 |title=Officials unveil Joint Base Andrews |publisher=Af.mil |access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref> In 2009, Andrews Air Force Base merged with [[Naval Air Facility Washington]] to form [[Joint Base Andrews]]. Andrews, located near [[Morningside, Maryland]] in [[Washington, DC metropolitan area|suburban Washington, D.C.]], is the home base of two Boeing [[VC-25A]] aircraft with the call sign [[Air Force One]] when the president is on board, that serve the [[President of the United States]], and the President is typically flown in and out of Andrews when travelling from Washington, D.C. by plane.<ref name="air force one">{{cite web|url=http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9834 |title=Factsheets : Presidential Airlift Group (AMC) ''United States Air Force'' |publisher=Afhra.af.mil |access-date=12 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530200840/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9834 |archive-date=30 May 2013 }}</ref>
 
The host unit at Andrews is the [[316th Wing]], assigned to the [[Air Force District of Washington]]. It is responsible for maintaining emergency reaction rotary-wing airlift and other National Capital Region contingency response capabilities critical to national security and for organizing, training, equipping and deploying combat-ready forces for Air and Space Expeditionary Forces (AEFs). The 316th Wing also provides installation security, services and airfield management to support the President, Vice President, other U.S. senior leaders and more than 50 tenant organizations and federal agencies.
Line 90 ⟶ 88:
 
==History==
Union [[American Civil War]] troops used a country church near [[Camp Springs, Maryland]] for sleeping quarters (now named Chapel Two)<ref name="history">{{cite web |url=http://www.andrews.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4479 |title=Fact Sheet, Andrews Air Force Base history, Office of History, 316th Airlift Wing |publisher=Andrews.af.mil |access-date=12 July 2013 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601062831/http://www.andrews.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4479 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and on 25 August 1941, [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|President Roosevelt]] directed use of the land for an airfield.{{Citation needed|date=October 2013}}
 
===Camp Springs Air Base===
Line 98 ⟶ 96:
 
===Andrews Field===
'''Andrews Field''' was named on 7 February 1945 in honor of [[Frank Maxwell Andrews|Lt Gen. Frank Andrews]] and in 1946, Andrews was a sub-base of [[Bolling Field]] (3 January 1946 – 20 November 1946){{r|Mueller}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-02-25|title=Why Is It Named Joint Base Andrews?|url=https://ghostsofdc.org/2013/02/25/why-is-it-named-andrews-air-force-base/|access-date=2022-01-02|website=Ghosts of DC|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Strategic Air Command]] headquarters transferred from Bolling Field to Andrews. The command of CONAF's [[Radar Bomb Scoring]] detachments (e.g., at [[Dallas Love Field]]) transferred to Andrews on 17 March 1946 when the "[[3903rd Radar Bomb Scoring Group#Andrews Field|"263 AAF BU" was assigned (transferred 23 February 1948)]] to [[Carswell AFB]]).{{r|Mueller}}
 
Andrews was transferred from the Army to the Air Force in 1947, and it was a [[Headquarters Command]] installation from 1947 through 1952 and again after 1957.{{Dubious|reason=Headquarters Command wasn't designated until 17 March 1958|date=October 2013}} Headquarters Military Air Transport Service controlled the base during the interim period. The year 1947 marked the arrival of the first permanently assigned jet-powered aircraft, the [[F-80 Shooting Star]], at Andrews. The long-lived and versatile training version of the F-80, the T-33, still played an important role in proficiency flying programs at Andrews more than 30 years later.
Line 126 ⟶ 124:
 
===Merger===
In May 2005, several recommendations relating to Andrews AFB were made by the [[2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission|Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Commission]]. The most significant was to realign Naval Air Facility (NAF) Washington, by relocating it'sits installation management functions to Andrews AFB, thereby establishing Joint Base Andrews-Naval Air Facility Washington.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}
 
BRAC also recommended relocating several offices of the [[United States Secretary of the Air Force|Secretary of the Air Force]] to Andrews from leased office space in [[Arlington County, Virginia|Arlington]], [[Virginia]], thereby reducing reliance on leased floor space and increasing the security for those activities by locating them within a military installation.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}
Line 193 ⟶ 191:
*Aerial Port of Embarkation, 6 January 1958 – 15 February 1978
*[[Air Force Systems Command|HQ Air Force Research & Development (later Systems Command)]], 24 January 1958 – 1 July 1992
*Malcolm Grow USAF Medical Center, 1 August 1958–present1958 – 1 April 2015
*[[File:1254th-air-transport-wing-MATS.png|12px]] [[89th Airlift Wing|1254th Air Transport (later 89th Military Airlift, later Airlift) Wing]], 10 July 1961–present
*909th Troop Carrier (later Military Airlift) Group, 28 December 1962 – 1 July 1976
Line 202 ⟶ 200:
: Redesignated: 76th Airlift Division, 15 December 1980 – 1 October 1985
*1776th Air Base Wing, 15 December 1980 – 12 July 1991
*[[79th Medical Wing]], 12 May 2006–present2006 – 1 April 2015
*[[316th Wing]], 1 June 2006 – 30 September 2010, 1 October 2020 – present
*[[11th Wing]], 1 October 2010 – present30 September 2020
*[[Air Force District of Washington]], 1 May 2007 – present
*[[U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations]] Headquarters
Line 225 ⟶ 223:
 
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
For statistical purposes the base is delineated as a [[census-designated place]] ([[Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland (CDP)|Andrews AFB CDP]]) by the U.S. Census Bureau. As of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], the resident population was 3,025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrews AFB CDP, Maryland|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2401450|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=March 13, 2022}}</ref>
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decade|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
| align-fn = center
| 1970 = 6418
| 1980 = 10064
| 1990 = 10228
| 2000 = 7925
| 2010 = 2973
| 2020 = 3025
| estyear =
| estimate =
| estref =
}}For statistical purposes the base is delineated as a [[census-designated place]] (Andrews AFB CDP) by the U.S. Census Bureau. As of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], the resident population was 3,025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrews AFB CDP, Maryland|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2401450|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 13, 2022}}</ref>
 
=== 2020 census ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Andrews AFB CDP, Maryland – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2010<ref name="2010CensusP2">{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Andrews AFB CDP, Maryland |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US2401450&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2020<ref name="2020CensusP2">{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Andrews AFB CDP, Maryland |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US2401450&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2010
!% 2020
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|1,664
|1,355
|55.97%
|44.79%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|637
|758
|21.43%
|25.06%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|10
|22
|0.34%
|0.73%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|70
|152
|2.35%
|5.02%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|16
|14
|0.54%
|0.46%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|16
|14
|0.54%
|0.46%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|143
|232
|4.81%
|7.67%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|417
|478
|14.03%
|15.80%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''2,973'''
|'''3,025'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|}
 
=== 2000 Census ===
As of the census<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=31 January 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> of 2000, there were 7,925 people, 1,932 households, and 1,864 families residing in the [[Census-designated place|CDP]]. The population density was {{convert|1,158.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,133 housing units at an average density of 311.9 sq&nbsp;mi (120.4/km{{sup|2}}). The racial makeup of the base was 65.3% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 22.8% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.6% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 3.7% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 4.4% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 8.7% of the population.
 
There were 1,932 households, out of which 75.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 86.1% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 3.5% were non-families. 3.2% of all households were made up of individuals, none of whom was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.39 and the average family size was 3.44.
 
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 35.0% under the age of 18, 16.3% from 18 to 24, 44.9% from 25 to 44, 3.6% from 45 to 64, and 0.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 126.0 males.
 
The median income for a household in the base was $44,310, and the median income for a family was $42,866. Males had a median income of $27,070 versus $27,308 for females. The per capita income for the base was $16,520. About 2.6% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including of the total population, 2.8% of those under the age of 18 and none of those 65 and older.
 
==Motor sports==
[[File:Andrews_AFB_circuit_1954.png|thumb|Andrews AFB race track (1954)]]
On 2 May 1954, sports car races were held at the base,<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Neil|first=Terry|title=Runways & Racers: Sports Car Races Held on Military Airfields in America 1952–1954|year=2011|publisher=Veloce Publishing Ltd|location=United States|isbn=9781845842550|page=208}}</ref> using a 4.3-mile (6.9&nbsp;km) circuit made up of runways and other access roads.<ref>{{cite web|last=Galpin|first=Darren|title=Andrews Airforce Base|url=http://www.silhouet.com/motorsport/tracks/dc.html|work=silhouet.com|access-date=29 January 2013}}</ref>
 
==Education==
{{main|Joint_Base_Andrews#Facilities_for_residents}}
 
==See also==
Line 235 ⟶ 321:
* [[Maryland World War II Army Airfields]]
 
{{Portal bar|Maryland|World War II}}
 
==References==