Mahmud Mirza Qajar: Difference between revisions

| name = Mahmud Mirza

| title =

| image = Portrait of Mahmoud Mirza, Qajar Iran, first half 19th century.jpg

| caption = Mahmud Mirza, on horseback, fights =off Portraita oflion. MahmudOil Mirzaon canvas, first half 19th century

| succession = Governor of [[Nahavand]]

| reign = 1813 - 18251813–1825

| predecessor = Unknown

| successor = Homayun Mirza

| succession1 = Governor of [[Lorestan Provinceprovince|Lorestan]]

| reign1 = 1825 -– ?

| predecessor1 = Unknown

| successor1 = Unknown

| birth_date = 1799

| death_date = betweenBetween 1854 and 1858

| burial_place = Nahavand

| royal house = [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]]

| father = [[Fath-Ali Shah Qajar]]

| mother = [[Maryam Khanom]]

'''Mahmud Mirza Qajar''' (1799{{lang-fa|محمودمیرزا قاجار}}; also spelled '''Mahmoud'''; 1799 – between 1854 and 1858) was an [[Qajar Iran|Iranian]] prince of the [[Qajar dynasty]], and the fifteenth son of Qajar[[Fath-Ali Shah]], king (''[[Shahshah]]'') of [[Fath-AliQajar ShahIran]] ({{reign}}|1797-|1834}}). He was a patron of the arts and an accomplished [[Calligraphy|calligrapher]], poet, and anthologist himselfin his own right.

Mahmud Mirza was the fifteenth son of Qajar ''[[shah]]'' [[Fath-Ali Shah]] ({{reign}}|1797-|1834}}), born by his [[Iranian Jews|Jewish]] wife, fromknown as [[MazandaranMaryam Province|MazandaranKhanom]]. known asFrom [[MaryamMazandaran Khanomprovince|Mazandaran]], she is said to have been a great beauty. HeMahmud Mirza was Maryam Khanom's eldest son, and wouldwas be known asconsidered her most accomplished son. His other full siblings whichwho survived to adulthood included [[Zia ol-Saltaneh]], Soltan Begom ({{died -in|1826}}), Homayun Mirza ({{died -in|1851}}), Ahmad-Ali Mirza ({{born -in|1804}}), and [[Jahanshah Mirza]] ({{died -in|1835}}).{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006a}}{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006b}}

Mahmud Mirza grew up in the household of [[Mirza Shafi Mazandarani]] ({{died -in|1819}}), thenhis primementor ministerand ofthen Irangrand andvizier histo mentorFath-Ali Shah. HeIn 1813, Mahmud Mirza was given the governorship of [[Nahavand in 1813County|Nahavand]], followed by thatthe governorship of [[Lorestan province|Lorestan]] in 1825. He soon established himself as a patron of the arts, inviting many poets and men of letters to join him in his provincial residence at Nahavand, including the court historian [[Mohammad Taqi Sepehr|Mohammad Taqi "Lesan ol-Molk" Sepehr]]. Mahmud Mirza also ordered the construction of majestic buildings in Nahavand, amongst them the Ru'in-dez fortress, the Kakh-e Homayun palace, a ''[[madraseh]]'' for his son Siyavash Mirza, as well asand a garden known as the ''Bagh-e Shah''; however, only a minimal amount of extant traces of these buildings have survived to this day.{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006a}}

Mahmud Mirza also put efforts in promotingpromoted scholarly works. He, himself wrote morewriting thanover twenty works ranging in a series of topicstopic from historical to literary to religionreligious, including two essential anthologies on(''tazkerehs'') theof poetry ofby his father, that of his own sons, and other contemporary male Qajar poets. HeThese entitlestwo theseanthologies worksare known as the ''Safinat ol-mahmudMahmud'' and the ''Bayan ol-mahmudMahmud''.{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006a}} The ''Safinat ol-Mahmud'' was completed in 1824–1825 at the order of his father, who also gave the book its title.{{sfn|Abe|2017|page=132 (note 16)}}

HeMahmud Mirza was also a respected calligrapher and poet, and puthe efforts inreportedly trainingtrained a series of wives of the shah and their daughters to write poetry, andteaching them also taught them to write calligraphy in the ''[[Nastaliq#Shekasteh_Nastaliq|Shekasteh]]'' and ''[[Naskh (script)|Nashq]]'' forms. Mahmud Mirza also authored the ''Sonbolestan'' and ''Noql-e majlesMajles''; although("The confection of the assembly"). Although these works are less known , they consist ofcontain important information on contemporaneous Qajar women and the poetry they wrote. In the introduction of the ''Noql-e majlesMajles'', Mahmud Mirza writes that hethe authoredbook thewas work onat the request of his sister Zia ol-Saltaneh.{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006a}}

Mahmud Mirza's chief wife (''galin'') was, the daughter of [[Mohammad Khan Qajar of Erivan|Mohammad Khan Qajar Iravani]], and was selected for him by his father Fath-Ali Shah. HisMahmud Mirza's other wives were a daughter of [[Ali-Morad Khan Zand]] ({{reign|1781|1785}}1781-185) known as Gowhar-Taj Khanum; a relative of [[Nader Shah]] ({{reign}}|1736-|1747}}); and a wife who had once been married to the late Mirza Shafi Mazandarani. Mahmud Mirza had thirty-four children, equally divided between seventeen boys and seventeen girls. He was against the accession of his nephew [[Mohammad Shah Qajar]] ({{reign}}1834-1848); as a result he was incarcarated along with other rebel princes in [[Ardabil]] and later in [[Tabriz]]. He apparently died at some point inbetween 1854 and 1858 during the reign of his nephew's son [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar]], and appears to have been buried in Nahavand—the site of his first governorship.{{sfn|Brookshaw|2006a}}

[[Category:QajarChildren princesof Fath-Ali Shah Qajar]]