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{{Short description|Canadian provincial referendum}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox multichoice referendum
| name =
| title =
| image =
Line 8 ⟶ 9:
| image_alt =
| caption =
|
| date = {{Start and end date
| total =
| electorate =
Line 18 ⟶ 19:
| notes =
| voting_system = [[Instant-runoff voting]]
|
| part1_subject = First round
| part1_choice1 = Dual Member Proportional Representation
| part1_percentage1 = 21.45
| part1_color1 = red
| part1_choice2 = First-Past-The-Post (the current system)
| part1_percentage2 = 31.22
| part1_color2 = orange
| part1_choice3 = First-Past-The-Post Plus Leaders
| part1_percentage3 = 7.61
| part1_color3 = green
| part1_choice4 = Mixed Member Proportional Representation
| part1_percentage4 = 29.04
| part1_color4 = blue
| part1_choice5 = Preferential Voting
| part1_percentage5 = 10.64
| part1_color5 = yellow
| part1_caption =
| part2_subject = Final Round
| part2_choice1 = Dual Member Proportional Representation
| part2_percentage1 =
| part2_color1 = red
| part2_choice2 = First-Past-The-Post (the current system)
| part2_percentage2 = 42.84
| part2_color2 = orange
| part2_choice3 = First-Past-The-Post Plus Leaders
| part2_percentage3 = 0
| part2_color3 = green
| part2_choice4 = Mixed Member Proportional Representation
| part2_percentage4 = 52.42
| part2_color4 = blue
| part2_choice5 = Preferential Voting
| part2_percentage5 = 0
| part2_color5 = yellow
| part2_caption =
| website = [http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/ yourchoicepei.ca]
}}
A non-binding [[referendum]] on electoral reform<ref>{{cite web|title=Media Release: Voting locations|url=http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/media-release-voting-locations|website=Is it Time for Change?|publisher=Elections Prince Edward Island|accessdate=28 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029120013/http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/media-release-voting-locations|archive-date=29 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="cbc - voting begins">{{cite news|title=Voting begins in P.E.I. plebiscite on electoral reform|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-plebiscite-electoral-reform-begins-1.3826045|accessdate=29 October 2016|work=CBC News|archive-date=31 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031042358/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-plebiscite-electoral-reform-begins-1.3826045|url-status=live}}</ref> was held in the [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Provinces of Canada|province]] of [[Prince Edward Island]] between 27 October – 7 November 2016. This was the second electoral reform referendum to be held in Prince Edward Island, following a vote to maintain the status quo in [[2005 Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum|2005]]. The referendum asked which of five [[voting system]]s residents would prefer to use in electing members to the [[Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island]].<ref name="TGAM1">{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/pei-sets-voting-reform-plebiscite-for-fall/article30809776/|title=PEI sets voting-reform plebiscite for fall|last=Roberts|first=Rob|date=7 July 2016|newspaper=[[The Globe and Mail]]|language=English|accessdate=2 October 2016|location=Toronto|archive-date=22 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922213131/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/pei-sets-voting-reform-plebiscite-for-fall/article30809776/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="TGC1">{{cite news|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/the-guardian-charlottetown/20160921/281668254449436|title=Electoral reform in P.E.I. redux|last=McKenna|first=Peter|date=21 September 2016|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Charlottetown)|The Guardian Charlottetown]]|language=English|accessdate=2 October 2016|location=Charlottetown, PEI|df=dmy-all|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214213843/https://www.pressreader.com/canada/the-guardian-charlottetown/20160921/281668254449436|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CBC1">{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-electoral-reform-4-things-to-know-1.3541234|title=P.E.I. electoral reform: 4 unanswered questions about the plebiscite|last=Campbell|first=Kerry|date=16 April 2016|publisher=CBC|language=English|accessdate=2 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005142247/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-electoral-reform-4-things-to-know-1.3541234|archivedate=5 October 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The referendum involved four counts under [[Instant-runoff voting]] rules and at the end, [[Mixed-member proportional representation|mixed member proportional representation]] was the majority choice with 55.03% support on the final ballot, with support of 52.42% of votes cast.<ref name="cbc results">{{cite news|last1=Bradley|first1=Susan|title=P.E.I. plebiscite results favour mixed member proportional representation|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/mixed-member-proportional-representation-in-plebiscite-1.3840172|accessdate=8 November 2016|work=CBC News|date=8 November 2016|archive-date=29 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129004505/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/mixed-member-proportional-representation-in-plebiscite-1.3840172|url-status=live}}</ref>
However, the plebiscite result was a product of a low voter turnout.{{according to whom|date=August 2021}} Despite a variety of voting options and a long voting period, the final 36.46% [[voter turnout|turnout]] was very low by PEI standards.<ref name="cbc results" /> The province regularly gets more than 80% turnout in provincial general elections.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Yarr|first1=Kevin|title=Voter turnout in electoral reform plebiscite remains low|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-plebiscite-voter-turnout-1.3839492|accessdate=8 November 2016|work=CBC News|date=7 November 2016|quote=Voter turnout in provincial general elections is typically above 80 per cent on P.E.I.|archive-date=8 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108183329/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-plebiscite-voter-turnout-1.3839492|url-status=live}}</ref>
Although he had set no threshold of minimum turnout for the plebiscite to be considered binding, Premier [[Wade MacLauchlan]] cited the low turnout as a factor in choosing not to proceed with immediate electoral reform. [[2019 Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum|A third referendum on the subject]] was held in 2019.
==Question==
Line 66:
<blockquote>
"Rank the following electoral systems in your order of preference, 1 through 5 (with "1st Choice" being your most preferred and "5th choice" being your least preferred). You may choose as many, or as few, of the electoral system options as you want."<ref>{{cite web|title=The Ballot|url=http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/the-ballot|website=Is it time for change?|publisher=Elections Prince Edward Island|accessdate=28 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029115811/http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/the-ballot|archive-date=29 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
</blockquote>
Line 74:
* First-Past-The-Post Plus Leaders<ref group=note>Where members are elected with FPTP as before, but party leaders do not run for seats and are instead assigned an at-large seat if their party receives more than 10% of the popular vote</ref>
* [[Mixed-member proportional representation|Mixed Member Proportional Representation]]
* [[Instant-runoff voting|Preferential Voting]] (which in this case meant Instant-runoff voting).
==Process of the vote count==
The result of the plebiscite was found by using the Preferential Voting system, itself one of the options for elections being considered.
Voters were given the opportunity to rank the five options from most preferred to least preferred, although they did not have to rank all five options. If more than half of the voters chose one option as their first choice, that option won; if no option
==Results==
No option received a majority in the First count.
Vote transfers were used as per IRV, to establish a majority winner.
MMP took a majority of the votes in the 4th Count.
Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum, 2016
18,521 votes required to win in the first count.
(thereafter, a majority of the votes still in play was needed to win.)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
|+ Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum, 2016 (final results)<ref name="results">{{Cite web |url=http://www.electionspei.ca/plebisciteresults |title=Elections PEI: Plebiscite Results |website=www.electionspei.ca |publisher=Elections PEI |access-date=8 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108134958/http://www.electionspei.ca/plebisciteresults |archive-date=8 November 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="2"|Choice
! rowspan="2"|{{abbr|FPV%|First-preference vote %}}
! colspan="4"|Count
|-
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[First-past-the-post voting|First Past The Post]]
|31.23 ||11,567 ||13,108 ||14,466 ||15,869
|- style="background-color:lightgreen;"
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Mixed-member proportional representation|Mixed Member Proportional Representation]]
|29.04 ||10,757 ||11,153 ||12,780 ||19,418
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Dual-member proportional representation|Dual Member Proportional Representation]]
|21.46 ||7,951 ||8,224 ||8,948
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Instant-runoff voting|Preferential Voting]]
|10.65 ||3,944 ||4,216
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]] + Leaders
|7.62 ||2,821
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|'''Totals'''
|100.00 ||37,040 ||36,701 ||36,194 ||35,287
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"|Exhausted
|339 ||507 ||907
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
|+ Analysis of transferred votes, ranked in order of 1st preference votes
|-
!Choice
!Maximum<br>round
!Maximum<br>votes
!Share in<br>maximum<br>round
!Maximum votes<br><span style="background-color: #44aaaa;padding:0 .3em">First round votes</span><span style="background-color: #eeaa44;padding:0 .3em">Transfer votes</span>
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[First-past-the-post voting|First Past The Post]]
| style="text-align:center;"|4
|15,869 ||44.97
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=15869 | r1votes=11567 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Mixed-member proportional representation|Mixed Member Proportional Representation]]
| style="text-align:center;"|4
|19,418 ||55.03
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=19418 | r1votes=10757 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Dual-member proportional representation|Dual Member Proportional Representation]]
| style="text-align:center;"|3
|8,948 ||24.72
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=8948 | r1votes=7951 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Instant-runoff voting|Preferential Voting]]
| style="text-align:center;"|2
|4,216 ||11.49
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=4216 | r1votes=3944 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]] + Leaders
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|2,821 ||7.62
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=2821 | r1votes=2821 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|-
| colspan="2"|Exhausted votes
|1,753 ||4.73
| style="text-align:left;"|{{Election box ranked choice bar | maxvotes=1753 | r1votes=0 | fullwidthvotes=20000 }}
|}
==Voting eligibility and methods==
This plebiscite marked several firsts in Canadian electoral history. Sixteen- and seventeen-year-old PEI residents were permitted to vote on the grounds that they will be aged eighteen (and therefore eligible to vote under normal election rules) in the [[66th Prince Edward Island general election|next provincial election]], which would potentially be held using the voting system that wins this plebiscite. As well, plebiscite voters were able to [[online voting|submit their votes online]] or [[Televoting|via touch-tone telephone]] for the first time in a major Canadian vote. Internet and telephone voting was open from 12:00 noon Saturday 29 October 2016 and ran until 7:00 p.m. on Monday, 7 November 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Internet & Telephone Voting|url=http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/internet-telephone-voting|website=
== Aftermath ==
[[Premier of Prince Edward Island|Premier]] [[Wade MacLauchlan]] said after the vote that he
MacLauchlan's government introduced a motion in the [[Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island]] to hold a [[Next Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum|second referendum]] on electoral reform at the [[66th Prince Edward Island general election|next provincial general election]], stating that the low turnout for the referendum did not provide a mandate to implement the change and the need for a more specific referendum question with two choices.<ref>{{cite web|title=Motion No. 80, Democratic renewal: a clear question and a binding vote|url=http://www.assembly.pe.ca/progmotions/onemotion.php?number=80session=2&assembly=65|website=www.assembly.pe.ca|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island|access-date=25 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328191714/http://www.assembly.pe.ca/progmotions/onemotion.php?number=80session=2&assembly=65|archive-date=28 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="motions guardian">{{cite news|last1=Wright|first1=Teresa|title=Motion urging P.E.I. government to honour electoral reform vote defeated|url=http://www.theguardian.pe.ca/news/local/2016/11/22/motion-urging-p-e-i--government-to-honour-electoral-reform-vote-.html|accessdate=25 November 2016|work=The Guardian|date=22 November 2016|location=Charlottetown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124152501/http://www.theguardian.pe.ca/news/local/2016/11/22/motion-urging-p-e-i--government-to-honour-electoral-reform-vote-.html|archive-date=24 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> A motion by [[Green Party of Prince Edward Island|Green Party]] leader [[Peter Bevan-Baker]] to implement mixed-member proportional representation in line with the referendum results was defeated on 22 November 2016 by a vote of 6–20.<ref>{{cite web|title=Motion No. 54 , Plebiscite on electoral reform|url=http://www.assembly.pe.ca/progmotions/onemotion.php?number=54&session=2&assembly=65|website=www.assembly.pe.ca|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island|access-date=25 November 2016|archive-date=26 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126131005/http://www.assembly.pe.ca/progmotions/onemotion.php?number=54&session=2&assembly=65|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===
{{Main|2019 Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum}}
A [[2019 Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum|subsequent electoral reform referendum]] was held on 23 April 2019, simultaneously with the [[66th Prince Edward Island general election]]. Results of this referendum were very close with 51.7% voting No and 48.3% voting Yes. Neither side met the conditions for the results to be considered binding. and prior to the next election the Island is debating reforms of this nature.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-19 |title=Citizens' assembly to explore electoral reform on P.E.I. could be created in new year, premier says |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-proportional-representation-citizens-committee-1.6254341 |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=CBC |archive-date=1 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801055224/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-proportional-representation-citizens-committee-1.6254341 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Notes==
Line 192 ⟶ 185:
==External links==
*{{official|http://www.yourchoicepei.ca/}}
{{PEIElections}}
[[Category:2016 in Prince Edward Island|Electoral reform referendum]]
[[Category:2016 elections in Canada|Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum]]
[[Category:2016 referendums|Prince Edward Island electoral reform referendum]]
[[Category:Electoral reform referendums in Canada]]
[[Category:Referendums in Prince Edward Island]]
[[Category:October 2016 events in
[[Category:November 2016 events in
[[Category:Multiple-choice referendums]]
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