|
| conflict = Invasion of Muscovy
| partof = [[Russo-Crimean Wars]]
| image =
| caption =
| date = 1521
| place = [[Moscow]], [[Grand DuchyPrincipality of Moscow]]
| result = Ottoman Crimean victory<br>
* [[Vasili III of Russia]] signs a treaty formalising his status as a tributary of the Crimean Khanate<ref name=Rambaud /><ref name=Lefranc /><ref name=Williams />
* [[Kazan]] captured by the Crimean Khanate<ref name=Howorth />
| combatant1 = [[Crimean Khanate]]<br>
[[Ottoman Empire]]
| combatant2 = [[Grand DuchyPrincipality of Moscow|Duchy of Muscovy]]
| commander1 = [[Mehmed I Giray]]
| commander2 = [[Vasili III of Russia|Vassily III]]
| units2 = Unknown
| casualties1 = Unknown
| casualties2 = Heavy<br>~30,000 enslaved
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Russo-Crimean Wars}}
}}
The '''Invasion of Muscovy''' occurred in the year 1521,. theThe invasion of [[Principality of Moscow|Muscovy]] was led by [[Mehmed I Giray]] of the [[Crimean Khanate]], a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.<ref name=Rambaud />
==Background==
In 1521 the Khan of the Crimean Khanate, [[Mehmed I Giray]], prepared a great invasion of Russia.<ref name=Rambaud /> The [[Khanate of Kazan|ruler of Kazan]] was despised by his people and Mehmed Giray took advantage of this, he seized the city and appointed his brother as its ruler.<ref name=Howorth>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=atdNAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA472#v=onepage&q&f=false History of the Mongols: The so-called Tartars of Russia and Central Asia]. 2 v. By Sir Henry Hoyle Howorth</ref> Having seized the cityKazan Mehmed Giray collected a great force and began his advance towards Muscovy.<ref name=Howorth />
==Battle==
He met Vasili at the banks of the [[Oka (river)|Oka river]] and crushed the Russian army.<ref name=Rambaud /><ref name=Howorth /> Mehmeds brother Shihab Giray joined him at [[Kolomna]] massacring people and desecrating churches as he advanced.<ref name=Howorth /> The monastery of St Nicholas was burnt as well as the village of Ostrof which was Vasili’sVasili's favourite residence.<ref name=Howorth /> The Crimean Tatars, now drunken off the hydromel in Vasili’sVasili's cellars, overlooked Moscow.<ref name=Howorth /> Vasili reportedly humiliated himself, he was forced to pay tribute and made to sign a treaty formalising his status as dependent on and a tributary of the Crimean Khanate.<ref name=Rambaud /><ref name=Lefranc>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=aIc-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA107#v=onepage&q&f=false Histoire moderne depuis le grand schisme d'occident (1378) jusqu'à 1789, Volume 1]. Emile Lefranc.</ref><ref name=Williams>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=iBNkAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=1521&f=false Histoire Des Gouvernemens Du Nord, Ou De l'Origine & des Progres du Gouvernement des Provinces-Unies, du Danemark, de la Suede] ... Ouvrage traduit de l'Anglois de M. Williams. Volume 3.</ref><ref name=Howorth /><ref name=Kruse>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=nHIK56nerCAC&pg=PP150#v=onepage&q&f=false Atlas Historique Des États Européens, Et De Tous Les Pays En Rapport Avec L'Europe: Composé D'Une Suite De Cartes Géographiques Et De Tableaux Chronologiques Et Généalogiques]. Christian Kruse, Friedrich Kruse.</ref> The Tatar general reportedly built his own statue in Moscow and made Vasili prostrate before it.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FKcgAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA285 A General View of the World: Geographical, Historical and Philosophical; on a Plan Entirely New; in Two Volumes, Volume 2]. Ezekiel Blomfield. C. Brightly and T. Kinnersley.</ref>
==Aftermath==
Following the submission of Vasilli, Mehmed Giray withdrew, reportedly in 1523 after news of an offensive against Crimea by the [[Astrakhan Khanate]].<ref>[[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=1FddDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA295#v=onepage&q&f=false| Europe in the Sixteenth Century]]. David Maland. Macmillan International Higher Education.</ref> During his withdrawal Mehmed was attacked by the cannonballs of the governor of Riazan who took the humiliating treaty from him, however 30,000 prisoners were taken to Kaffa and sold to the Turks.<ref name=Rambaud>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=tn9DAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA255#v=onepage&q&f=false The History of Russia from the Earliest Times to 1877, Volume 1]. By Alfred Rambaud.</ref><ref name=Britannica>[https://books.google.co.ukcom/books?id=7aQ-AAAAYAAJ&dqq=1521+tributary The Historians' History of the World, Volumes 17-18]. Henry Smith Williams. Encyclopaedia britannica Company, Limited, 1926.</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Battles involving Russiathe Principality of Moscow]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Wars involving Russiathe Principality of Moscow]]
[[Category:Crimean Khanate]]
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