Haut-Rhin: Difference between revisions

{{short description|Department of France}}

| native_name = 's Owerlànd, Owerelsàss

| type = [[Departments of France|DepartmentDépartement]]

'''Haut-Rhin''' ({{IPA-fr|oʁɛ̃}}, )<ref>{{literally|Upper Rhine}}; [[Alsatian language|Alsatian]]: ''Owerelsàss'' or ''{{lang|gsw|‘s Iwerlànd}}'';<ref>{{cite web|title=Wàs brücht m'r im Elsàss ? Petit lexique français-alsacien|url=http://www.olcalsace.org/sites/default/files/lexique_indispensable_2011.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.olcalsace.org/sites/default/files/lexique_indispensable_2011.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|author=Office pour la Langue et la Culture d’Alsace|website=oclalsace.org|language=fr|access-date=10 December 2013}}</ref> {{lang-de|Oberelsass}}, {{literally|Upper Alsace}})</ref> is a [[Departments of France|departmentdépartement]] in the [[Grand Est]] [[Regions of France|region]], France, bordering both [[Germany]] and [[Switzerland]]. It is named after the river [[Rhine]]. Its name means ''[[Upper Rhine]]''. Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departments of the former administrative [[Alsace]] region, the other being the [[Bas-Rhin]] ([[Lower Rhine]]). Especially after the 1871 cession of the southern territory known since 1922 as [[Territoire de Belfort]], although it is still rather densely populated compared to the rest of [[metropolitan France]]. It had a population of 767,842083 in 20202021.<ref name=pop2020pop2021>{{cite web |title=Populations légales en vigueur à compter du 1er janvier 20232024: 68 Haut-Rhin |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/66830317728806/dep68.pdf |publisher=[[Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques|INSEE]] |access-date=616 January 20232024}}</ref>

On 1 January 2021, the departmentsdépartemental collectivities of [[Bas-Rhin]] and Haut-Rhin have beenwere merged into the [[European Collectivity of Alsace]].

Haut-Rhin is one of the original 83 departmentsdépartements, created during the [[French Revolution]], on 4 March 1790 through the application of the law of 22 December 1789 in respect of the southern half of the [[Provinces of France|province]] of [[Alsace]] (Haute-Alsace).

* 1814, it lost the territories which had been part of [[Mont-Terrible]], which were returned to [[Switzerland]], except for the oldformer principality[[County of [[Montbéliard]];

* 1871, it was mostly annexed by the [[GermanyGerman Empire]] ([[Treaty of Frankfurt (1871)|Treaty of Frankfurt]]).; Thethe remaining French part formed the [[Territoire de Belfort]] in 1922;

The most populous commune is [[Mulhouse]]; the prefecture [[Colmar]] is the second-most populous. As of 20202021, there are 11 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2020pop2021/>

! Population (20202021)

| style="text-align: center;" | 108106,038341

| style="text-align: center;" | 6867,294730

| style="text-align: center;" | 22,835698

| style="text-align: center;" | 15,065262

| style="text-align: center;" | 14,380829

| style="text-align: center;" | 1413,020795

| style="text-align: center;" | 13,230178

| style="text-align: center;" | 12,258163

| style="text-align: center;" | 11,559745

| style="text-align: center;" | 1011,988137

| style="text-align: center;" | 10,358334

Population development sincebetwene 1801 and 2016:

Alsace and the adjacent [[Moselle (department)|Moselle department]] have a [[Local law in Alsace-Moselle|legal system]] slightly different from the rest of France. The statutes in question date from the period 1871 - 19191871–1919 when the area was part of the [[German Empire]]. With the [[Treaty of Versailles|return of Alsace-Lorraine to France by the [[Treaty of Versailles]] in 1919, Paris accepted that Alsace and Moselle should retain some local laws in respect of certain matters, especially with regard to hunting, economic life, local government relationships, health insurance and social rights. It includes notably the absence of any [[Laïcité|formal separation between church and state]]: several mainstream denominations of the Christian church benefit from state funding, in contrast to principles applied in the rest of France.