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{{Short description|US Army rifle development competition}}
{{no footnotes|date=February 2014}}
[[File:XM8 early 01.jpg|thumb|An early XM8 mockup after the break up; became part of OICW Increment 1]]
The '''Objective Individual Combat Weapon''' or '''OICW''' was the next-generation service [[rifle]] competition that was under development as part of the [[United States Army]] OICW program; the program was eventually discontinued without bringing the weapon out of the prototype phase. The acronym OICW is often used to refer to the entire weapons program.
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The central idea of the program was to develop a rifle that enabled the attacking of targets behind cover by using airburst munitions. The munitions were to be much smaller than pre-existing [[grenades]] and [[grenade launchers]], but large enough to be effective. The idea was refined into a combination of a short [[assault rifle]] and semi-automatic, low-velocity [[cannon]] firing air-bursting munitions. The OICW aimed to use advances in computer technology in a weapon that fired grenades automatically pre-set to explode above or beside targets hidden from view. Fragmentation from the exploding grenades could hit the target when normal rifle fire could not.
The winners of the first competition for the project during the 1990s were ATK and firearms manufacturer [[Heckler & Koch]] with the [[XM29 OICW]]. They went on to build numerous prototypes of the rifle for the [[United States]] military in the late 1990s. These projects centered on using a programmable 20 mm airburst munition-firing rifle by itself or with other projectile-based weapons attached. The 20 mm launcher was analyzed in various configurations, including a launcher by itself, with a 5.56 mm weapon (based on the [[Heckler & Koch G36|HK G36]]), or with a [[Heckler & Koch MP7|MP7]] [[Personal defense weapon|PDW]].
By the early 2000s, the weapon had settled on a design and was classified as the XM29. The XM29 was based on the [[Heckler & Koch HK
This resulted in the army starting development on new weapons, and finally shelving the XM29 in 2004. The kinetic energy component split off into the [[XM8 rifle]] program and the airburst component developed into the [[XM25 CDTE|XM25]] airburst weapon. According to a presentation by [[Major (rank)|Major]] [[Kevin Finch]], Chief of the Small Arms Division of the [[Directorate of Combat Developments]] at the U.S. Army Infantry Center, there were three main parts to the OICW program:
* Increment 1 (OICW 1) was a competition for a whole weapon system family similar to the [[XM8 rifle|XM8]]. The weapon system was to potentially replace the [[M4 carbine]], [[M16 rifle]], [[M249 Squad Automatic Weapon|M249]] [[light machine gun]] and some [[M9 pistol]]s. Other [[arms industry|arms companies]] had contended that the OICW project goals had changed enough to warrant another competition. Potential challengers could include a weapons system based on an updated M16, the [[Steyr AUG]], the [[FN SCAR]], and potentially any other manufacturer that fulfilled the Army requirements for participating. It also listed the shotgun being replaced by a modular shotgun system ([[XM26 Lightweight Shotgun System|XM26 LSS]]) mounted on the OICW 1 winner. The Increment 1 portion was put on an eight-week hold in July 2005, primarily to take into account input and needs of other services. On October 31, 2005, the OICW I program was cancelled. The reason given for the cancellation was stated as: "This action has been taken in order for the Army to reevaluate its priorities for small caliber weapons, and to incorporate emerging requirements identified during [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] and [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]]. The Government will also incorporate studies looking into current capability gaps during said reevaluation."
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== See also ==
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* [[List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces]]
* [[List of crew served weapons of the US Armed Forces]]
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* [http://www.janes.com/regional_news/americas/news/jdw/jdw050520_1_n.shtml Jane's Defense news on OICW program in May 2005]
* [http://www.janes.com/regional_news/americas/news/jdw/jdw000815_1_n.shtml Janes Defense news on OICW program in August 2000]
* [http://procnet.pica.army.mil/FBO/RFP/W15QKN-05-R-0449/W15QKN-05-R-0449.htm Pre-solicitation notice for OICW increment 1]{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.defensereview.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=707 DefenseReview entry on sources sought for Non-Developmental multi-configurable 5.56 mm modular weapon system]
* [http://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=37 Military Factory Small Arms]
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[[Category:Assault rifles]]
[[Category:Grenade launchers]]
[[Category:Trial and research firearms of the United States]]
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