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| caption = Wharton in 1902
| birth_date = {{birth date|1826|3|3|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Philadelphia
| death_date = {{death date and age|1909|1|11|1826|3|3|mf=y}}
| death_place = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
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'''Joseph Wharton''' (March 3, 1826{{spaced ndash}}January 11, 1909) was an American [[industrialist]]. He was involved in mining, manufacturing, and education. He founded the [[Wharton School]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania]], co-founded the [[Bethlehem Steel]] company, and was one of the founders of [[Swarthmore College]].
==
Wharton was born in [[Philadelphia]],
Wharton's youth was spent in the family's house near Spruce and 4th streets in [[Center City, Philadelphia|Center City Philadelphia]] and at [[Bellevue Mansion|Bellevue]], a country mansion in present-day [[North Philadelphia]]. Wharton's father was a typical gentleman, and did not hold a regular job because he had several illnesses, but oversaw his estate, served on the Philadelphia [[board of education|School Board]], and was active with his wife, Deborah, in the Hicksite ministry<!--but Quakers have no clergy-->. The family often visited the nearby [[Schuylkill River]], neighboring estates such as Deborah's grandfather [[Joshua Fisher (merchant)|Joshua Fisher]]'s [[The Cliffs]], and took weekend horse and carriage excursions to the countryside surrounding Philadelphia, sometimes attending the smaller [[Friends meeting house|Quaker Meetings]].{{citation needed|date = May 2022}}
As a boy, Wharton attended two Quaker boarding schools in the towns outside of Philadelphia and also several private schools in the city. Between the age of 14 and 16, Wharton was prepared for college by a private [[tutor]]. However, when he was 16, he went on the advice of his parents to mature and learn the life of a farmer, a common dream of city-born Hicksite Quakers at the time, and boarded with Joseph and Abigail Walton on their family farm near [[West Chester, Pennsylvania]], for three years. By that time, Wharton had matured to a strong frame, {{convert|6|ft|m}} in stature, with a serious but cheerful outlook. He was accomplished in sports such as horseback riding, swimming, and rowing on the Schuylkill River. During the winter Wharton returned to his parents' home in Philadelphia and studied languages such as [[French language|French]] and [[German language|German]], which were useful for learning about [[science]] and [[technology]]. He also studied [[chemistry]] at the Philadelphia laboratory of [[Martin Hans Boyè]]. Wharton and his brothers in their early years identified with inventors and builders such as [[Cyrus McCormick]] and [[Samuel F. B. Morse]].{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}▼
As a boy, Wharton attended two Quaker boarding schools in the towns outside of Philadelphia and also several private schools in the city. Between the age of 14 and 16, Wharton was prepared for college by a private [[tutor]]. At age 16, however, he took the advice of his parents to mature and learn the life of a farmer, a common dream of city-born Hicksite Quakers at the time. For three years, he boarded with Joseph and Abigail Walton on their family farm near [[West Chester, Pennsylvania]].
▲
==Career==
[[Image:joseph wharton young 2.jpg|thumb|Wharton, {{circa|1850}}]]
When he was 19, Wharton apprenticed with an accountant for two years and became proficient in [[business]] methods and [[bookkeeping]]. At 21, he partnered with his older brother Rodman to start a business manufacturing [[white lead]]. Wharton's chemistry mentor, Martin Boye, had developed a method to refine [[cottonseed oil]] and the Wharton brothers tried but failed to develop a profitable method to extract it. In 1849 Wharton started a business manufacturing [[brick]]s using a [[patent]]ed machine which pressed dry clay into forms. There was substantial competition in the brick business, which was affected by [[business cycle|cyclical business swings]], and after several trips to sell bricks and the brick-making machines, Wharton found the prospects for making good profits were dim. However, from the endeavor he gained valuable experience. In 1853, Wharton joined the Pennsylvania and Lehigh [[Zinc]] Company near [[Bethlehem, Pennsylvania]], first managing the mining operation and later the [[zinc oxide]] works. Wharton proved himself by negotiating a new [[charter]] for the works, and in the difficult financial environment of 1857–1858 he took over control of the zinc works, managing it carefully so that it turned a profit. In 1860, Wharton, after some challenging negotiations with the directors of the company, developed for Lehigh Zinc the first plant to manufacture metallic zinc in America. Looking into the next business cycle, he leased the plant for four years and eventually made a robust profit from the sale of metallic zinc, used in making [[brass]], which picked up in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] years.
== Family life ==▼
Hoping to profit from the use of [[nickel]] in coins, Wharton in 1863 sold his interest in zinc and started the manufacture of nickel at [[Camden, New Jersey]], taking over a nickel mine and refining works at [[Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania]]. The Camden plant was located on the east side of 10th Street, adjacent to [[Cooper River (New Jersey)|Cooper Creek]], and had several large brick buildings and smokestacks. Wharton renamed the Camden plant the American Nickel Works, and his office there became his center of operations. However, the use of nickel in coinage was temporarily halted, and soon the Camden plant burned. Wharton rebuilt it in 1868 and made excellent profits from producing nickel because it became favored for coinage. Wharton won wide acclaim for his malleable nickel, the first in the world, and also for nickel [[magnet]]s, and received the Gold Medal at the [[Exposition Universelle (1878)|Paris Exposition of 1878]].
Wharton married Anna Corbit Lovering, a fellow Quaker and the younger sister of his brother Charles' wife, in 1854 in a Quaker ceremony. After living with Anna's family for several months the couple moved into a house belonging to his mother near 12th and Walnut Streets in Philadelphia, but Anna often continued to stay with her parents while Joseph was out of town. She preferred a life of comfort but evidently did not wish to stifle his ambition. During this time Wharton lived a spartan life, boarding at a hotel and managing the zinc works in Bethlehem, and Anna cared for their first child Joanna at their home in Philadelphia. Although Joseph returned as often as possible and they communicated often by letter, they felt much stress during this period and their marriage suffered. Later, when Joseph was more secure in his job manufacturing zinc, Anna and Joanna came to live with him in Bethlehem, where they lived a happier life for two years, partaking in social events and exploring the local rivers and countryside. After Wharton sold his interest in zinc, they returned to Philadelphia, and although he often traveled to oversee his properties or develop business connections, he never again lived apart from the family. He purchased a country estate several miles north of Philadelphia, called "Ontalauna", and bought a [[donkey]] for their three children, Joanna, Mary, and Anna, to ride along on [[Equestrianism|horseback]] expeditions. Wharton often studied at night or played history games with the children.▼
His factory produced the only nickel in the U.S. and a significant fraction of the world supply. The surface deposits at the Gap mine were eventually depleted, and Wharton was obliged to purchase nickel ore from a mine in [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]], Ontario, Canada. This experience was a challenge to Wharton, who learned about [[Market economy|market economics]] and protection when foreign nickel manufacturers opposed his nickel purchasing and manufacture efforts. Wharton by then had learned the value of meeting personally with his managers and regularly inspecting the mines and manufacturing plants with them. He was successful because he worked hard to increase [[Economic efficiency|efficiency]] and [[Profit (economics)|profitability]] of the businesses he acquired, and energetically pursued markets for his products.
▲== Nickel manufacture ==
Wharton made a robust profit from his nickel business over its 40-year duration, but by 1900 its outlook was fading due to foreign competition. Wharton and a group of other [[United States]] and Canadian nickel enterprises formed the [[CVRD Inco|International Nickel Company (Inco)]] in 1902. He sold his American Nickel Works in Camden and the Gap mine for a share in the new company, and was named one of the dozen board members. By this time, the profitability of his business empire did not depend on the manufacture of nickel because he had already [[Diversification (finance)|diversified]] into other profitable businesses.
== Estate, water and New Jersey ==▼
In 1854, Philadelphia increased its tax base by expanding its borders to include the surrounding suburbs, and after the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], its population swelled. By 1870 the [[Centennial Exposition]] was upcoming, and Philadelphia was rapidly changing. It was suffering from a water crisis because it required more water, but there was no appropriate method for [[water purification]] and the [[Delaware River|Delaware]] and [[Schuylkill River|Schuylkill]] rivers were heavily [[pollution|polluted]]. Philadelphia's [[typhoid fever]] rate was among the highest in the nation, and most well-to-do families drank bottled [[Spring (hydrosphere)|spring water]].
The Wharton family's [[Bellevue Mansion]] estate in [[North Philadelphia]], along with several others nearby that had been annexed into the city, were threatened with condemnation by the city for the construction of a new reservoir to hold potable water. Wharton started purchasing land in [[South Jersey]] in the 1870s, eventually acquiring {{convert|150|sqmi|km2}} in the [[Pine Barrens (New Jersey)|Pinelands]], which contained an [[aquifer]] replenished by several [[river]]s and [[lake]]s. The water from the Pinelands was relatively pure and he planned to export the water to Philadelphia. Wharton suggested that a city-controlled company could develop the necessary [[Water supply network|water mains]] and [[pump]], funded by public purchase of [[stock]]s and [[Bond (finance)|bonds]].
Wharton traveled widely and became involved in many industrial enterprises such as mines, factories and [[railroad]]s. He started several enterprises on the South New Jersey property, including a [[menhaden]] fish factory that produced oil and fertilizer, a modern forestry planting operation, and [[cranberry]] and [[sugar beet]] farms. Wharton also purchased land containing [[ore]] and an [[iron]] [[Blast furnace|furnace]] in northern New Jersey at [[Wharton, New Jersey|Port Oram, New Jersey]] (now Wharton, New Jersey) which was located close to the [[Morris Canal]] and railroads. He purchased a coal mine in western Pennsylvania, constructing for the workers a town of 85 houses and stores along the railway. He also purchased coal land in [[West Virginia]], iron and [[copper]] [[Mining|mines]] in [[Michigan]], and [[Gold mining|gold mines]] in [[Arizona]] and [[Nevada]]. Wharton became involved in the [[Reading Company|Reading]] and [[Lehigh Valley Railroad|Lehigh]] railroads and several others, arranging [[spur line]]s with the railroads to carry ore and finished metal products. He maintained an extensive business correspondence and in later life maintained this practice through his vacations. Wharton was a colleague of leaders such as [[inventor]]s [[Ezra Cornell]], [[Elias Howe]] and [[Thomas Edison]], and [[entrepreneur]] [[Cornelius Vanderbilt]]. His management style evolved throughout the latter half of the 1800s, making use of new technology for [[communication]], [[transportation]], and [[Manufacturing|production]], so that he controlled many industries profitably on a larger scale than was previously possible.▼
Opposition to the plan emerged in Philadelphia and in New Jersey, and eventually, a law was passed in New Jersey preventing the export of water. The Bellevue Mansion was taken by the city, but the planned reservoir was never constructed, because of local politics and also because by 1890 water could be [[Water purification|purified]] by [[filtration]], obviating the need for an extra reservoir. The estate was instead sold to developers for construction of new housing for the newly organized industry nearby in North Philadelphia.
== Bethlehem Steel ==▼
Through the 1870s Wharton began to buy into [[Bethlehem Steel|Bethlehem Iron Company]] which produced [[pig iron]] and [[steel]] rails, gradually investing more of his own time and energy, but without involvement in the day-to-day operations. He became the largest shareholder with a position on the board of managers, and eventually purchased a controlling share of the company. In 1885, Wharton successfully bid a contract with the [[United States Navy]] for forged steel [[armor]], and in 1886 he visited England ([[Armstrong Whitworth|Whitworth Co.]]) and France ([[Schneider Electric|Schneider Co.]]) to research the designs for a plant to [[forge]] [[steel]] of higher quality. With these designs, Bethlehem Iron built the first plant to forge high-strength steel in America. The plant fabricated [[Vehicle armour|armor plates]] and guns for [[warship]]s. Similar contracts gave the company, renamed the Bethlehem Steel Company, a consistent source of income, and Wharton made slow but steady profits. In 1901 he sold the company but continued to be the largest producer of pig iron in the country because of his extensive [[iron mine|iron]] and [[Coal mining|coal mines]] and refining works.▼
===Mining and railroads===
== Washington politics and distinguished guests ==▼
Wharton traveled widely and became involved in many industrial enterprises such as mines, factories and [[railroad]]s. He started several enterprises on [[South Jersey]] property, including a [[menhaden]] fish factory that produced oil and fertilizer, a modern forestry planting operation, and [[cranberry]] and [[sugar beet]] farms. Wharton also purchased land containing [[ore]] and an [[iron]] [[Blast furnace|furnace]] in [[North Jersey]] at [[Wharton, New Jersey|Port Oram, New Jersey]], later renamed Wharton, New Jersey in Wharton's honor, which was located close to the [[Morris Canal]] and railroads.
Over several decades, Wharton [[lobbying|lobbied]] successfully in [[Washington, D.C.]] for [[tariff]] laws protecting U.S. manufacturing. He was a defender of large business and evolved into a staunch [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]. He successfully lobbied for the use of nickel in the [[Coins of the United States dollar|U.S. coinage]], but his lobbying for nickel tariffs was only partially successful, probably because he had a virtual [[monopoly]] on production in the U.S. In 1873 the world was in a very trying [[economic depression]] and many industrial [[company|firms]] went [[bankruptcy|bankrupt]]. Wharton became widely known as a leader of the Industrial League of manufacturing concerns, and the main lobbyist and President of the [[American Iron and Steel Institute]]. He was a personal friend and consultant with several presidents including [[Ulysses S. Grant|Grant]], [[Rutherford B. Hayes|Hayes]], and [[Benjamin Harrison|Harrison]]. Wharton entertained distinguished internationally known guests such as [[biologist]]s [[Thomas Huxley]] and [[Joseph Leidy]], [[astronomer]] [[Samuel Langley]], [[scientist]] [[William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin|Lord Kelvin]], [[United States Senate|Senators]] [[James Blaine]] and [[Justin Morrill]], industrialist [[Andrew Carnegie]], and [[Metallurgy|metallurgist]] [[Alfred Krupp]]. Wharton successfully lobbied for a [[Bill (proposed law)|bill]] in the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]] supporting [[partnership|Limited Partnerships]] to allow more participation of [[Capital (economics)|capital]] in enterprises with risk.▼
▲
== Science ==▼
Wharton was a scientist interested in the [[Nature|natural world]], and wrote [[Academic publishing|scientific papers]] on a variety of topics including [[astronomy]] and metallurgy, presenting several to the [[American Philosophical Society]]. He has been elected to the Society in 1869.<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?year=1869;year-max=1869;smode=advanced;startDoc=41|access-date=2021-04-26|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> In the winter of 1883–1884 there was a period of several months when [[sunset]]s were extraordinarily red worldwide. Some imagined that the red color was from [[dust]] dispersed in the [[atmosphere]] worldwide by the [[volcano]] [[Krakatoa]] which had recently [[Volcano#Erupted material|erupted]]. Others imagined that the reddish hue might come from iron and steel furnaces because they were known to create a reddish-brown dust. Wharton was curious, and one morning when a light [[snow]] was falling, collected some from a field near his house, melted and evaporated it, studying the remaining particles under a [[microscope]] which he had on hand for metallurgy. The particles looked like "irregular, flattish, blobby" [[glass]] particles. He visited a ship that had come to port in Philadelphia, having sailed from [[Manila]], a course that had taken it a few hundred miles from Krakatoa. It had been slowed by a huge amount of [[pumice]] floating in the ocean, evidently spewed out by Krakatoa. Wharton obtained some pumice from one of the ship's crew, compared it with the dust he had collected, and found almost identical particles. In 1893 he presented a paper about the dust to the 150th anniversary meeting of the American Philosophical Society. Wharton also wrote a paper about the use of the [[Doppler effect]] on the color of [[light]] emitted by [[binary star]]s to determine their distance from [[Earth]], and made the analogy to a train whistle which changes tone as it passes. Wharton was one of the most accomplished metallurgists in America during his lifetime, certainly the most widely known.▼
== Swarthmore College ==▼
{{Further|Bethlehem Steel}}
In 1864, Wharton along with his mother Deborah Fisher Wharton and a group of like-minded [[Elias Hicks#Hicksite–Orthodox split|Hicksite Quakers]] from Philadelphia, [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]], and [[New York City|New York]] were the founders of [[Swarthmore College]], a Hicksite Quaker college outside Philadelphia. Swarthmore filled an important need of a college where both men and women could receive a high-quality education in the tradition of Friends not dominated by religion. Wharton gave generously, building a Friends Meeting on campus and also contributing to a science building. His mother Deborah served on the Swarthmore [[Board of directors|Board of Managers]] from 1862–1870, and Joseph served on the board from 1870–1909, and from 1883–1907 as its president. He was often on campus and gave many commencement addresses.▼
▲Through the 1870s Wharton began to buy into [[Bethlehem Steel|Bethlehem Iron Company]] which produced [[pig iron]] and [[steel]] rails, gradually investing more of his own time and energy, but without involvement in the day-to-day operations. He became the largest shareholder with a position on the board of managers, and eventually purchased a controlling share of the company. In 1885, Wharton successfully bid a contract with the [[United States Navy]] for forged steel [[armor]], and in 1886 he visited England ([[Armstrong Whitworth|Whitworth Co.]]) and France ([[Schneider Electric|Schneider Co.]]) to research the designs for a plant to [[forge]] [[steel]] of higher quality. With these designs, Bethlehem Iron built the first plant to forge high-strength steel in
== Wharton School ==▼
Over several decades, Wharton [[lobbying|lobbied]] successfully in [[Washington, D.C.]] for [[tariff]] laws protecting U.S. manufacturing. He was a defender of large business and evolved into a staunch [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]. He successfully lobbied for the use of nickel in the [[Coins of the United States dollar|U.S. coinage]], but his lobbying for nickel tariffs was only partially successful, probably because he had a virtual [[monopoly]] on production in the U.S. In 1873 the world was in a very trying [[economic depression]] and many industrial [[company|firms]] went [[bankruptcy|bankrupt]].
Wharton wrote extensively on economic matters, including protective tariffs and business cycles. In the last half of the 19th century, business education typically consisted mainly of training on the job or an [[apprentice]]ship. Wharton conceived of a school that would teach how to develop and run a business, and to anticipate and deal with the cycles of economic activity. In 1881 Wharton donated $100,000 to the [[University of Pennsylvania]] to found a "[[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania|School of Finance and Economy]]" for this purpose. He specified that the Wharton School faculty advocate economic protectionism, as he had when lobbying for American businesses in Washington. However, the school soon began to broaden its outlook to a global one and to teach other disciplines such as [[political science|politics]] and the developing [[social science]]s, and introduced the teaching of business management and [[finance]] as these disciplines gradually coalesced.{{Clarify|date=September 2009}}<!-- 1) What do the teaching of politics and social sciences have to do with Wharton? Wharton is a business school. 2) The logic of this argument is very sloppy and does not lead to its conclusion. 3) The second-to-last sentence contradicts the argument being formed.~~~~ --> The Wharton School was the first to include such a practical focus on business, finance, and management. During its first century through the present day, it was and is widely known as one of the most prominent [[business school|schools of business]] in the world. In 2023, the Wharton School fell off of the ''Financial Times''{{'}} 2023 MBA rankings for the first time since the ranking's inception.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thedp.com/article/2023/02/penn-wharton-falls-out-of-2023-financial-times-mba-rankings | title=Wharton falls off Financial Times' 2023 MBA ranking for first time in 25 years }}</ref>▼
▲
== Last years and death ==▼
[[File:Joseph Wharton tombstone.jpg|thumb|Joseph Wharton tombstone in [[Laurel Hill Cemetery]]]]▼
▲Wharton was a scientist interested in the [[Nature|natural world]], and wrote [[Academic publishing|scientific papers]] on a variety of topics including [[astronomy]] and metallurgy, presenting several to the [[American Philosophical Society]]. He has been elected to the Society in 1869.<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?year=1869;year-max=1869;smode=advanced;startDoc=41|access-date=2021-04-26|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> In the winter of 1883–1884 there was a period of several months when
The particles looked like "irregular, flattish, blobby" glass particles. He visited a ship from [[Manila]] that arrived in port in Philadelphia, a course that took a few hundred miles from Krakatoa. It had been slowed by a huge amount of [[pumice]] floating in the ocean, evidently spewed out by Krakatoa. Wharton obtained some pumice from one of the ship's crew, compared it with the dust he had collected, and found almost identical particles.
In 1893, Wharton presented a paper about the dust to the 150th anniversary meeting of the American Philosophical Society. Wharton also wrote a paper about the use of the [[Doppler effect]] on the color of light emitted by [[binary star]]s to determine their distance from [[Earth]], and made the analogy to a train whistle which changes tone as it passes. Wharton was one of the most accomplished metallurgists in the U.S. during his lifetime, and certainly the most widely known.
{{Further|Swarthmore College}}
▲In 1864, Wharton along with his mother Deborah Fisher Wharton and a group of like-minded [[Elias Hicks#Hicksite–Orthodox split|Hicksite Quakers]] from Philadelphia, [[
Wharton gave generously, building a Friends Meeting on campus and also contributing to a science building. His mother Deborah served on the Swarthmore [[Board of directors|Board of Managers]] from 1862–1870, and Joseph served on the board from 1870–1909, and from 1883–1907 as its president. He was often on campus and gave many commencement addresses.
{{Further|Wharton School}}
Wharton wrote extensively on economic matters, including protective tariffs and business cycles. In the last half of the 19th century, business education typically consisted mainly of training on the job or an [[apprentice]]ship. Wharton conceived of a school that would teach how to develop and run a business, and to anticipate and deal with the cycles of economic activity.
▲
▲[[File:Joseph Wharton tombstone.jpg|thumb|
Wharton was active to near the end of his life both physically and in business affairs. Until he was 72, he skated with guests on the pond at his Ontalauna estate near Philadelphia and would often go on walks with his family after dinner. Throughout his life he partook in physical exercise, total abstinence from tobacco, and restricted use of even mild alcoholic drinks. When he was nearly 80, he visited his Nevada [[Silver mining|silver mine]] by canoeing down the [[Colorado River]] and descending into the mine in a bucket, and when he was 81, he traveled to Germany with his grandson, [[Joseph Wharton Lippincott]], to visit Kaiser [[Wilhelm II]] and had dinner on the kaiser's yacht. He continued to oversee his holdings in [[Coke (fuel)|coke]] manufacture in Pennsylvania and iron in northern New Jersey.
He read widely in literature and was an accomplished poet. Many of his poems were inspired by trips abroad. He wrote "Stewardson's Yarn" after an 1873 visit to Europe, "The Royal Palm" and "The 'Sweet Reasonableness' of a Yankee Philistine in Cuba" after a visit to [[Cuba]] to inspect mines there, and "Mexico" after an 1889 visit to
In 1907 he was incapacitated by [[stroke]] and gradually worsened until his death in 1909.<ref>{{cite news |title=Joseph Wharton is Dead. Prominent Ironmaker Expires at Home in Philadelphia. |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=January 12, 1909}}</ref> He is buried in the family plot at [[Laurel Hill Cemetery]] in [[Philadelphia]].<ref>[https://www.phillymag.com/news/2020/05/13/historic-philadelphia-cemeteries/ ''Philadelphia'']</ref>▼
▲Wharton married Anna Corbit Lovering, a fellow [[Quakers|Quaker]] and the younger sister of his brother Charles' wife, in 1854 in a Quaker ceremony. After living with Anna's family for several months, the couple moved into a house belonging to his mother near 12th and [[Walnut
Later, when Joseph was more secure in his job manufacturing [[zinc]], Anna and Joanna came to live with him in Bethlehem, where they lived a happier life for two years, partaking in social events and exploring the local rivers and countryside. After Wharton sold his interest in zinc, they returned to Philadelphia. Although Wharton often traveled to oversee his properties or develop business connections, he never again lived apart from the family. He purchased a country estate several miles north of Philadelphia, called "Ontalauna", and bought a [[donkey]] for their three children, Joanna, Mary, and Anna, to ride on [[Equestrianism|horseback]] expeditions. In the evenings, Wharton often studied or played history games with the children.
==Death==
In 1907, Wharton experienced a [[stroke]]. While he survived the stroke, it left him largely incapacitated. His health gradually worsened until his death in [[Philadelphia]] on January 11, 1909, at age 82.<ref>{{cite news |title=Joseph Wharton is Dead. Prominent Ironmaker Expires at Home in Philadelphia. |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=January 12, 1909}}</ref>
▲
== Legacy ==
Wharton's daughter Joanna married noted Philadelphia publisher, J. Bertram Lippincott, in 1887 and named their eldest son [[Joseph Wharton Lippincott]]; Anna married
In 1908, Wharton created Fisher Park, a {{convert|23|acre|m2|adj=on}} park in the [[Olney, Philadelphia|Olney]] In 2004, Wharton was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame.{{citation needed|date = June 2023}}
The borough of [[Wharton, New Jersey]], originally known as Port Oram, was renamed to honor Joseph Wharton.<ref>Hutchinson, Viola L. [http://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/356/nj_place_names_origin.pdf#page=33 ''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names''], New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed October 29, 2015.</ref><ref>[http://nynjctbotany.org/njhltofc/whartonboro.html History of Wharton Borough; Morris County, New Jersey], NY-NJ-CT Botany Online. Accessed October 29, 2015. "1902 – named changed to Wharton to honor Joseph Wharton."</ref>
▲A Joseph Wharton 18-cent commemorative postal stamp was issued in 1981, the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Wharton School.<ref>{{cite web|last=Leong|first=Jeanne|title=For the Record: Joseph Wharton|url=http://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/current/2012-01-19/record/record-joseph-wharton|publisher=Penn Current|access-date=17 May 2012|date=January 19, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419234821/http://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/current/2012-01-19/record/record-joseph-wharton|archive-date=19 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wharton was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame in 2004.{{citation needed|date = June 2023}}
== Footnotes ==
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* "Hall of Fame: Joseph Wharton 1826–1909", ''Engineering & Mining Journal'', February, 1998.
==
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*[https://www.swarthmore.edu/ Swarthmore College website]
*[http://virtualology.com/apthomaswharton/ Biography at virtualology.com] under his great-great-grandfather, Thomas Wharton (1664-1718).
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[[Category:1826 births]]
[[Category:1909 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century American businesspeople]]▼
[[Category:American company founders]]
[[Category:American steel industry businesspeople]]▼
[[Category:American businesspeople in the coal industry]]
[[Category:American business theorists]]
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[[Category:American Quakers]]
[[Category:American railway entrepreneurs]]
▲[[Category:American steel industry businesspeople]]
[[Category:Bethlehem Steel people]]
[[Category:Businesspeople in agriculture]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Philadelphia]]▼
[[Category:Cornell family]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania Republicans]]
▲[[Category:Businesspeople from Philadelphia]]
[[Category:Swarthmore College people]]
[[Category:Wharton family]]
[[Category:Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania people]]
▲[[Category:19th-century American businesspeople]]
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