Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield: Difference between revisions

{{short description|British politician (1916–2007)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=MayOctober 20132022}}

| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]

| name = = The Lord Cockfield

| honorific-suffix = [[Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council|PC]]

| image = Arthur Cockfield 1952.jpg

| caption = Cockfield in 1952
| office = [[European Commissioner for Internal Market and Services]]

| president = [[Jacques Delors]]

| term_start = 7 January 1985

| term_end = 5 January 1989

| predecessor = [[Karl-Heinz Narjes]]

| successor = [[Martin Bangemann]]

| office2 = [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]

| monarch2 = [[Elizabeth II]]

| primeminister2 = [[Margaret Thatcher]]

| term_start2 = 11 June 1983

| term_end2 = 11 September 1984

| predecessor2 = [[Cecil Parkinson]]

| successor2 = [[Grey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie|The Earl of Gowrie]]

| office3 = [[Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills|Secretary of State for Trade]]<br />[[President of the Board of Trade]]

| monarch3 = [[Elizabeth II]]

| primeminister3 = [[Margaret Thatcher]]

| term_start3 = 6 April 1982

| term_end3 = 11 June 1983

| predecessor3 = [[John Biffen]]

| successor3 = [[Cecil Parkinson]] <small>(Trade and Industry)</small>

| office4 = [[Her Majesty's Treasury|Minister of State for Treasury]]

| monarch4 = [[Elizabeth II]]

| primeminister4 = [[Margaret Thatcher]]

| term_start4 = 6 May 1979

| term_end4 = 6 April 1982

| predecessor4 = [[Denzil Davies]]

| successor4 = [[John Wakeham]]

| office5 = [[Member of the House of Lords]]<br />[[Lord Temporal]]

| term_start5 = 14 April 1978

| term_end5 = 8 January 2007<br />[[Life Peerage]]

| birth_date = {{birth date|1916|9|28|df=y}}

| birth_place = [[Horsham]], UK[[West Sussex]], [[England]]

| death_date = {{death date and age|2007|1|8|1916|9|28|df=y}}

| death_place =

| party = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]

| alma_mater = [[London School of Economics]]

'''Francis Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield''', [[Privy Council|PC]] (surname pronounced "Co{{IPAc-feeld"en|ˈ|k|oʊ|f|iː|l|d}} {{respell|KOH|feel|d}}; 28 September 1916 – 8 January 2007), was by turns a civil servant, a company director, a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician, and a [[European Commission]]er. He served as Minister of State at the Treasury from 1979 to 1982, as [[Secretary of State for Trade]] from 1982 until 1983, as [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]] from 1983 until 1984, and a member of the [[European Commission]] from 1984 to 1988. He is known as 'The Father of the [[European Single Market|Single Market]]'.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://archives.eui.eu/en/files/transcript/15166.pdf|title=''EU Archives''|publisher=European Union|access-date=28 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite webbook|last=Cockfield|first=Arthur|title=''European Union: Creating The European Single Market''|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/The_European_Union.html?id=cGnsAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y|date=1994|publisher=Wiley Chancery Law|isbn=9780471952077|access-date=28 March 2017}}</ref>

After the [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983 general election]], Cockfield became [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]. In this role he had no specific departmental responsibilities, so he effectively became an advisor and a sort of one-man think-tank to the Prime Minister. Lord Cockfield resigned from the cabinet in September 1984 to join the [[European Commission]] as commissioner for Internal Market, Tax Law and Customs under [[Jacques Delors]], and a Vicevice-Presidentpresident of the first [[Delors Commission]]. He was expected to follow Thatcher's [[eurosceptic]] line, but became a driving force in laying the groundwork for the creation of the [[Single European Market]] in 1992. Only a few months after he arrived in Brussels, he produced a mammoth white paper listing 300 barriers to trade, with a timetable for them to be abolished. He was not selected{{Clarify|date=December 2009}} to serve a second term, and was replaced by [[Leon Brittan]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}

|escutcheon = Chequy Azure and Gules two Flaunchesflaunches conjoined to three Barruletsbarrulets Or.

|crest = A Globeglobe rising Or issuing therefrom a Lymphadlymphad Sailsail furled Azure flying from the main and stern mastmasts Flagsflags Gules therein two Humanhuman Figuresfigures that in the stern pulling an Oaroar Or.

|supporters = On either side a Cockcock Azure combed wattled beaked and legged Gules gorged with a Muralmural Crowncrown Or.

|motto = Prorsum Specta Nec Rursum<ref>{{cite book|title=Debrett's Peerage |date=2003 |page=345}}</ref>

|badge = A Square Billet embattled chequy Azure and Or.}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311103543/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=33S50EZWYWIO1QFIQMGCFFOAVCBQUIV0?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/news/2007/01/11/db1102%2Fnews%2F2007%2F01%2F11%2Fdb1102.xml Obituary], ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', 11 January 2007