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{{Short description| Unincorporated community in the state of Arizona, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
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<!-- Basic info ---------------->| name = Laveen <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->
| official_name = Laveen Village
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| native_name = <!-- if different from the English name -->
| settlement_type = [[Urban village]]
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| motto = “Where rural is a way of life.”
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| website = [http://phoenix.gov/PLANNING/vplaveen.html Laveen Village Planning Committee]
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}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Laveen, Arizona
|settlement_type = Former [[Census-designated place|CDP]]
|nickname =
|motto =
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'''Laveen''' ({{IPAc-en|l|ə|ˈ|v|iː|n}} {{respell|lə|VEEN}}) is
== History ==
The Laveen area was first settled by farmers and dairymen in 1884. Despite its proximity to Phoenix, the community was isolated from its larger neighbor by the [[Salt River (Arizona)|Salt River]], which carried water year-round until the [[Roosevelt Dam]] was completed in 1911. The only bridged crossing was at [[Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona|Central Avenue]], more than
===Walter Laveen===
In the early 1900s, Walter
In 1915, the [[U.S. Bureau of Reclamation]] noted the community was called Laveen and had a population of less than 25.<ref>{{cite book |last=United States Federal Works Agency |first=United States Bureau of Reclamation |title=Annual Report
===Dee Cheatham===
Armon Deconda "Dee" Cheatham succeeded Walter Laveen as postmaster, and served in the post for the next 30 years.<ref name=Cheatham>{{cite web|url=http://www.laveen.org/history/cheatham.pdf |title=The Cheatham Family of Laveen |access-date=
Dee and Shelton bought the general store from the Laveens, along with {{convert|40|acre|m2}} of farmland on the southeast corner of 51st Avenue and Dobbins Road. They sold the store after running it for a few years, and used the proceeds to set up separate farms. Shelton's farm was on the original {{convert|40|acre|m2}}, while Dee and Lula moved south to 51st Avenue and Elliott Road, where they set up not only a new farm, but also a dairy.<ref name=Cheatham/>
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By 1941, the Cheathams' dairy operation had outgrown their farm, so they bought {{convert|360|acre|km2}} of land south of [[Baseline Road (Arizona)|Baseline Road]], between 43rd and 51st Avenues. While constructing the dairy, the Cheathams had to clear the site of [[mesquite]] and [[rattlesnake]]s. Once complete, it was one of the larger dairies in Arizona and used registered [[Holstein cattle]].<ref name=Cheatham/>
The Cheathams grew their own hay on nearby land for the operation, and originally used a large herd of [[American Belgian
=== Cotton harvest ===
[[File:Laveen Mountains.jpg|250px|left|thumb|[[South Mountains (Arizona)|South Mountains]] above Laveen]]
Several farmers in Laveen raised (and continue to raise) cotton. In 1916, Andrew Benton Clevenger moved his family from [[St. George, Utah]], onto rented land in Laveen. With the whole family's help, they put in a cotton crop.<ref name=Clev>{{cite web |url=
===Well water===
Laveen School had the area's only [[water well|deep well]], which also supplied the Laveen Store. Water from residents' shallow wells was acceptable for washing and crop cultivation, but too salty for culinary use. Therefore, the community set up a public-use hydrant south of the store, where people, including members of the [[Maricopa people|Maricopa]] and [[Pima people|Pima]] tribes, came for their drinking water.<ref name=WDYK/><ref name=Clev/> Tribe members would bring wagon loads of milk cans to fill with water, and firewood to trade for groceries.<ref name=WDYK/> During the winter, the store would sell excess wood to [[Firewood|wood lots]] in and around Phoenix.<ref name=WDYK/>
In a landmark [[water right]]s ruling involving several Laveen residents, ''Bristor v. Cheatham'', the Arizona Supreme Court ruled on January 12, 1952, that percolating water was not private property. Several residents had sued Dee Cheatham for what they believed was excessive pumping of ground water, causing their wells to run dry. The court cited the principle "Rock stays, water moves." However, on February 26, 1952, the court reversed itself, ruling that ground water should be limited to "reasonable" use, but still fell under the ownership of landowners.<ref>{{cite book |last=Steinberg |first=Theodore |title=Slide Mountain, Or, The Folly of Owning Nature |url=https://archive.org/details/slidemountainorf0000stei |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/slidemountainorf0000stei/page/96 96] |quote=laveen. |year=1995 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=
===Religion===
Although many of the early settlers were religious, including the Clevengers who were [[Mormons]],<ref name=Clev/> through April 1939, various attempts by churches to set up a [[Sunday School]] in Laveen had failed. However, that month, members of the Central Baptist Church of Phoenix leased space in the [[Laveen School Auditorium]], and after their "mission" took hold, grew into the Laveen Baptist Church by 1943.<ref name=LaveenBaptist>{{cite web|url=http://www.laveenbaptistchurch.org/templates/System/details.asp?id=25632&PID=111787 |title=History of our church |access-date=
===Laveen Cowbelles===
The Laveen Cowbelles were women from Laveen ranching and dairy families who worked to promote the beef industry.<ref name=BBQ/> Their parent group, the Arizona Cowbelles, was formed in [[Douglas, Arizona]], in 1938 to "cement the goodwill and friendship among the wives and mothers of cattle men in [[Cochise County]]."<ref name=Frontiers/> They were initially a local service organization, putting together socials and picnics, but eventually expanded their mission to include promoting the industry's beef products. Laveen women formed a chapter in 1947, and the group was organized statewide by 1949. In 1956 alone, the Laveen Cowbelles affixed 138,000 stickers reading "Beef for Father's Day" to envelopes mailed by various banks and businesses, and in 1959, the statewide group had the then-Governor, [[Paul Fannin]], proclaim "Beef for Father's Day."<ref name=Frontiers/> The Cowbelles also gave members the ability to "communicate with one another about their collective identity."<ref name=Frontiers/> Their mascot was "an ample-bosomed, blonde caricature named Lil' Dudette."<ref name=Frontiers>{{cite journal|last=Berry |first=Michelle K. |year=2004 |title=Be Shure to Fix the Fence: The Arizona Cowbelles' Public Persona,
===Annual barbecue===
[[File:Misty Morning.jpg|thumb|450px|right|[[Sierra Estrella|Estrella Mountains]] from Laveen, January 2004.]]
In 1950, the Cowbelles organized a barbecue to give the community a chance to gather on the last Sunday of the year, and to raise money for the [[March of Dimes]].<ref name=BBQ>{{cite web|url=http://www.laveen.org/history/bbqhist.pdf |title=Laveen Barbecue: Then and Now |access-date=
In 1960, the non-profits and churches in Laveen formed the Laveen Community Council (LCC), which took over the barbecue, and began channeling most of the proceeds to pay for lights on the baseball fields at Laveen School, although donations to the March of Dimes continued into the 1970s. By 1984, the barbecue had raised a cumulative $71,000.<ref name=BBQ/> The date of the event was gradually moved into early February.
In recent years, the barbecue has grown into a very large event held at Corona Ranch, a venue in Laveen with rodeo grounds. The event attracts vendors from all over Arizona, and serves as an opportunity for community members to come together
===Notable historical events===
* '''February 4, 1923:''' Laveen farmer R.F. Payton used an ax to murder his wife and 9-year-old daughter, and seriously injured his 5-year-old son. Payton then took his own life.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Kills Two With Ax |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |page=I1 |date=February 5, 1923
* '''January 14, 1930:''' The "Toledo Family Bandits," two men and a woman whose recent criminal activity involved gunning down a [[Pennsylvania State Police|Pennsylvania state trooper]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bradypaulfop54.org/memoriam.htm|title=Memoriam|access-date=
* '''July 3, 1983:''' [[Miami Dolphins]] linebacker, [[Larry Gordon]], collapsed while jogging in Laveen during his off-season training program. He died about an hour later at a Phoenix hospital.<ref>{{cite news |title=Miami Linebacker Larry Gordon Dies While Jogging |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |page=D4 |date=
* '''December 25, 1998:''' A fire destroyed the Laveen home of former [[Philadelphia Eagles]] linebacker [[Byron Evans]]. Evans and his family made it out safely.<ref>{{cite news |author=Inquirer Staff |title=Hunter: NBA Talks Likely to Resume |newspaper=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]] |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=C03 |date=
* '''June 2002:''' The [[Phoenix, Arizona|City of Phoenix]] took over the Laveen Fire Department, a step in the slow annexation of Laveen by the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-09-12/news/spiked |title=Spiked |access-date=
* '''May 25, 2003:''' A developer clearing land for a housing development razed two [[Masonry|stone]] [[silo]]s standing near the northeast corner of 43rd Avenue and Dobbins Road. The silos dated from around 1900, and were visible landmarks throughout Laveen. They were torn down "at four in the morning on a weekend when everybody was sleeping."<ref name=Silos>{{cite news |first=Margaret |last=Foster |title=Razing Arizona |url=http://www.mywire.com/pubs/Preservation/2003/06/03/503281?extID=10051 |publisher=MyWire |date=June 3, 2003
* '''2006:''' Former NFL running back, [[Emmitt Smith]], spearheaded a large, {{convert|25|acre|m2|adj=on}} retail development at the intersection of 35th Avenue and Southern, which has sat mostly empty since [[Mervyn's]] closed its doors several years ago.<ref>{{cite news|first=Kathleen
* '''April 3, 2012:''' Laveen made national headlines when Daniel Adkins was shot while walking his dog past a [[Taco Bell]] at night. This case added to the [[Trayvon Martin]] controversy unfolding at the same time in [[Florida]]. Both were cases of concern about murder versus self-defense.<ref>{{cite news |first= Mallory |last= Simon |title=Unstable ground: The fine line between self-defense and murder |url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/04/29/us/stand-your-ground/index.html |publisher=CNN.com |date=May 2, 2012
=== Other ===
[[World War II]] [[Alamo scouts|Alamo Scout]] (US 6th Army Special Reconnaissance Unit) Joshua Sunn was born and raised in Laveen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alamoscouts.org/photo_archives/400_419.htm |archive-url=https://archive.
==Community==
[[File:Phoenix-Del Monte Market-1908.JPG
Laveen became less isolated as bridges were built across the Salt River. The store, barber shop, and one of the pool houses burned down. Roger Laveen, later elected Maricopa County Recorder, tore down the other pool hall. The Laveen Women's Club donated its building to the community, which moved it west of Laveen School. The LCC restored the
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===Urban development===
In 2000, a commercial home builder<ref>Trend Homes</ref> broke ground on "Arlington Estates," a large residential development in what, at the time, was rural Laveen. Since that time, the community has experienced explosive residential growth. That growth has been tempered, however, by community activist groups, such as the LCC and two newer groups, "Laveen Citizens for Responsible Development" (LCRD), and "South Laveen Against High Density" (SLAHD). These groups put pressure on developers to include [[Equestrianism|equestrian trails]], [[Greenway (landscape)|open spaces]], and other bucolic and rural elements in new developments. For example, when [[Walmart]] opened its Laveen location in 2007, it looked “a little different than most other Walmart. The face of the building has more of a rural design, and there is more dense and mature landscaping than other Walmart stores.”<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hertel |first=Phil |date=January 2007 |title=What's Up With Commercial Development? |journal=Quarterly Newsletter |publisher=Laveen Community Council |pages=3 |url=http://www.laveen.org/pdf/jan%202007%20Newsletter.pdf |access-date=
Although official zoning recommendations for the area of Laveen falling within the city of Phoenix come from the Laveen Planning Commission (LPC),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phoenix.gov/PLANNING/vplaveen.html |title=Laveen Planning Commission |publisher=City of Phoenix |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129100825/http://phoenix.gov/PLANNING/vplaveen.html |archive-date=January 29, 2008 }}</ref> the [[Phoenix City Council]] has historically taken the recommendations of both the commission and the LCRD into consideration when voting on zoning matters. Zoning in both the county and city areas of Laveen is guided by a master plan called the "Southwest Regional Growth Study."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phoenix.gov/planning/swg01.pdf |title=Southwest Regional Growth Study |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905060611/http://phoenix.gov/PLANNING/swg01.pdf |archive-date=September 5, 2008 }}</ref>
In the 1980s, the [[Arizona Department of Transportation]] (ADOT) proposed building part of the [[Arizona State Route 202|202 Freeway]] through Laveen.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azdot.gov/Highways/valley_freeways/Loop_202/South_Mountain/index.asp |title=South Mountain Freeway |publisher=[[Arizona Department of Transportation]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818115921/http://azdot.gov/Highways/Valley_Freeways/Loop_202/South_Mountain/index.asp |archive-date=
A new retail development, called Laveen Park Place, opened around the time of the freeway opening
===Golf courses===
Laveen supports two golf courses: the former [http://www.golfarizona.com/courses/phoenix/bougainvillea-gc.htm Bougainvillea Golf Club] (formerly private), which became a public course under new management in October 2012, and now known as [http://www.arizonagolf.com/courses/laveen/bougainvillea-gc/ Southern Ridge Golf Club]; and the [https://www.phoenix.gov/parks/golf/phoenix-golf-courses/aguila Aguila Golf Course] (public), 18-hole pro golf course featuring 3 lakes that is owned by the city of Phoenix. Southern Ridge, located at 59th Avenue and Baseline Road, was an 18-hole, par-72 course with six par 5's, 4's, and 3's, as well as a driving range.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bvgolf.net/golf/proto/bvgolf/index.htm |title=Bougainvillea Golf Club |access-date=
==Education==
The community is served by the [[Laveen Elementary School District]] and [[Roosevelt Elementary School District]] (for both elementary and middle school students), and the [[Phoenix Union High School District]]. In addition to the original Laveen School, now a K-8 school named Laveen Elementary, the community supports seven other K-8 schools: Bernard Black, Cheatham Elementary, Desert Meadows, M.C. Cash Elementary, Rogers Ranch, Trailside Point, and Vista del Sur (a traditional school that was named the #1 Elementary School in the state of Arizona in 2012 by the [[Arizona Department of Education]]).<ref>{{cite web|title=Laveen DO: School Sites|url=http://laveenesd.org/index.cfm?pID=1571|access-date=
The [[K-8 school|K-8]] tribal school Gila Crossing Community School, affiliated with the [[Bureau of Indian Education]], is in [[Komatke, Arizona|Komatke]], with a Laveen address.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bie.edu/schools/directory/gila-crossing-community-school|title=Gila Crossing Community School|publisher=[[Bureau of Indian Education]]|accessdate=August 2, 2021}}</ref>
==Governmental representation==
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== Climate ==
Laveen is
There are two [[wet season]]s: first in spring, and then in late summer, when sometimes-powerful [[North American Monsoon|monsoon]] thunderstorms roar through the area.<ref>"Basics of the Arizona Monsoon & Desert Meteorology". Arizona State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. http://geography.asu.edu/aztc/monsoon.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531091848/http://geography.asu.edu/aztc/monsoon.html |date=
==Gallery==
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|height=200px
|align=center
|File:Phoenix-(Laveen)-Welcome to Laveen-1.JPG|Different view of the '''Laveen Village Welcoming Water Tower'''.
|File:Laveen-Laveen School Auditorium-1925-2.JPG|The '''Laveen School Auditorium''' listed in the National Register of Historic Places, reference #88001601.
|File:Phoenix-Del Monte Market-1908-2.JPG|Different view of '''Del Monte Market'''.
|File:Phoenix-(Laveen)-Laveen post Office-1.JPG|The '''Laveen Post Office''' located in the corner of 51st and Dobbins Aves. This is the located where the original Laveen Village
}}
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==External links==
{{commons category|Laveen, Arizona|<br />Laveen, Arizona}}
* [http://www.laveen.org '''Laveen Community Council''']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170620184222/http://laveenhoas.org/ Laveen Association of HOAs]
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