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{{Short description|Public university in Montreal
{{pp-
{{Use Canadian English|date=May 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}
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| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Université McGill ([[French language|French]])
| image = McGill University CoA.svg
| image_size =
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| chancellor = [[John McCall MacBain]]
| vice-president =
| president = [[Deep Saini|H. Deep Saini]]
| director =
| dean =
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| academic_staff = 3,476 (staff) 1,747 tenure track, 1,667 non-tenure track (faculty)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|title=McGill FY 2022 Budget Book - Table 4: Staff Headcount, as of January 31 each year|website=mcgill.ca|access-date=May 30, 2022|archive-date=July 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021152/https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| administrative_staff = 4,327<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|title=McGill FY 2022 Budget Book - Table 4: Staff Headcount, as of January 31 each year|website=mcgill.ca|access-date=May 30, 2022|archive-date=July 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021152/https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| students = 39,
| undergrad =
| postgrad = 10,
| doctoral =
| other = 2,
| city = [[Montreal, Quebec]]
| country = Canada
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<!--- Please REFER TO THE TALK PAGE before making any edits to the lead, especially if it relates to rankings. The lead was completely reworked as part of a major copyedit. See talk page before you revert or add in significant details. --->
'''McGill University''' (French: Université McGill) is an English-language [[public university|public]] [[research university]] located in [[Montreal, Quebec]], [[Canada]]. Founded in 1821 by [[royal charter]],<ref name="Frost, Stanley Brice 1895">Frost, Stanley Brice. ''McGill University, Vol. I. For the Advancement of Learning, 1801–1895.'' McGill-Queen's University Press, 1980. {{ISBN|978-0-7735-0353-3}}</ref> the university bears the name of [[James McGill]], a [[Scotland|Scottish]] merchant,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was James McGill? |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=McGill |language=en}}</ref> whose [[bequest]] in 1813 established the '''University of McGill College'''. In 1885, the name was officially changed to McGill University.
Currently, McGill
McGill alumni, faculty, and affiliates include 12 [[List of McGill University people#Nobel Prize graduates and faculty members|Nobel laureates]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=McGill University: Tuition and Profile|url=https://www.macleans.ca/schools/mcgill-university/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=www.macleans.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019230736/https://www.macleans.ca/schools/mcgill-university/|url-status=live}}</ref> and 148 [[Rhodes Scholars]],<ref name="McDevitt">{{cite news |last=McDevitt |first=Neale |date=December 19, 2023 |title=Keeping her eye on the Rhodes |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/keeping-her-eye-on-the-rhodes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124153008/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/keeping-her-eye-on-the-rhodes/ |archive-date=January 24, 2024 |access-date=April 5, 2024 |newspaper=McGill Reporter}}</ref>
==History==
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===McGill College===
[[File:George Jehoshaphat Mountain.jpg|thumb|right|150px|The first Principal of McGill College, The Rt. Rev. [[George Mountain]]|alt=George Jehoshaphat Mountain.jpg]]
[[James McGill]] was born in [[Glasgow]], Scotland, on October 6, 1744. He was a successful merchant in Quebec, having matriculated into the [[University of Glasgow]] in 1756.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/JamesMcGill-QuebecHistory.htm |title=James McGill – Quebec History |publisher=Faculty.marianopolis.edu |access-date=2012-06-04 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224080616/http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/JamesMcGill-QuebecHistory.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last = Everett-Green | first = Robert | date = May 12, 2018 | title = 200 Years a Slave: The Dark History of Captivity in Canada | url = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/200-years-a-slave-the-dark-history-of-captivity-in-canada/article17178374/ | work = The Globe and Mail | access-date = September 25, 2019 | archive-date = June 15, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190615044938/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/200-years-a-slave-the-dark-history-of-captivity-in-canada/article17178374/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Soon afterwards, McGill left for North America to explore the business opportunities there, especially in the fur trade. McGill was also a slave owner, and the McGill household enslaved at least five Black and Indigenous people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was James McGill? |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=About McGill |language=en}}</ref> Between 1811 and 1813,<ref>{{cite web
| last = Millman
| first = Thomas R.
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McGill's residence system comprises 16 properties providing dormitories, apartments, and hotel-style housing to approximately 3,100 undergraduate students and some graduate students from the downtown and Macdonald campuses.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/residences/ |title=McGill Residences |publisher=Mcgill.ca |date=2010-07-28 |access-date=2011-09-29 |archive-date=March 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308175610/http://www.mcgill.ca/residences/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Student Housing |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill University |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331184019/https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options |url-status=live }}</ref> With the exception of students returning as "[[Resident assistant|floor fellows]]," few McGill students live in [[Dormitory|residence]] (known [[colloquialism|colloquially]] as "rez") after their first year of undergraduate study, even if they are not from the Montreal area. Most second-year students transition to off-campus apartment housing. Many students settle in the [[Milton Park, Montreal|Milton-Park]] neighbourhood, sometimes called the "McGill Ghetto,"<ref>{{Cite web|title=The ghetto that isn't {{!}} The McGill Daily|date=February 10, 2014|url=https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2014/02/the-ghetto-that-isnt/|access-date=2020-05-07|archive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803220737/https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2014/02/the-ghetto-that-isnt/|url-status=live}}</ref> which is the neighbourhood directly to the east of the downtown campus. Students have also moved to areas such as [[Mile End, Montreal|Mile End]], [[Le Plateau-Mont-Royal|The Plateau]], and even as far as [[Verdun, Quebec|Verdun]] because of rising rent prices.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3201/ghetto.html|title='In the Ghetto', September 9, 1999|work=McGill Reporter|access-date=2012-06-04|archive-date=February 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228113340/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3201/ghetto.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
Many first-year students live in the Upper Residence
===Macdonald campus===
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[[File:MacdonaldCollege1906.gif|thumb|Macdonald Campus under construction in 1906]]
A second campus, the [[Macdonald Campus]], in [[Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec|Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue]] houses the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, the School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, the Institute of Parasitology, and the McGill School of Environment. As of fall 2020, despite a decrease in enrolment from the previous year's 1,962 students, the campus has a total of 1,892 actively enrolled students, including those studying part-time and full-time, across all available programs. Of the total, 1,212 students are pursuing an undergraduate degree, 374 are pursuing a Masters-level degree, and 248 are pursuing a Doctoral-level degree, respectively. The gender percentage is 70.7 per cent female and 29.3 per cent male. There is a high international student presence, where over 1 in 5 students studying are from outside Canada. Students attending Macdonald campus often nickname the campus as “Mac” campus. Its location near the St. Lawrence river makes the campus significantly quieter and nature dense than the Downtown Montreal campus. The [[Morgan Arboretum]] and the [[J. S. Marshall Radar Observatory]] are nearby.▼
▲A second campus, the [[Macdonald Campus]], in [[Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec|Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue]] houses the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, the School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, the Institute of Parasitology, and the McGill School of Environment. As of fall 2020, despite a decrease in enrolment from the previous year's 1,962 students, the campus has a total of 1,892 actively enrolled students, including those studying part-time and full-time, across all available programs. Of the total, 1,212 students are pursuing an undergraduate degree, 374 are pursuing a Masters-level degree, and 248 are pursuing a Doctoral-level degree, respectively
The Morgan [[Arboretum]] was created in 1945. It is a {{convert|2.5|km2|sqmi|3|adj=on}} forested reserve with the aim of 'teaching, and public education'. Its mandated goals are to continue research related to maintaining the health of the Arboretum [[plantations]] and [[woodland]]s, to develop new programs related to selecting [[species]] [[Adaptation|adapted]] to developing environmental conditions and to develop silvicultural practices that preserve and enhance [[Biodiversity|biological diversity]] in both natural stands and plantations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.morganarboretum.org/english/introduction.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070923035212/http://www.morganarboretum.org/english/introduction.htm|url-status=dead|title=An Introduction to the Arboretum|archive-date=September 23, 2007}}</ref>▼
▲The Morgan [[Arboretum]] was created in 1945. It is a {{convert|2.5|km2|sqmi|3|adj=on}} forested reserve
===Outaouais campus===
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===McGill Community for Lifelong Learning===
Founded in 1989, the McGill Community for Lifelong Learning (MCLL) is an educational community for senior learners housed in the McGill School of Continuing Studies. The program was founded by Fiona Clark, then-assistant director of continuing studies at McGill, and drew inspiration from horizontal peer-led programs, including the [[Harvard]] Institute for Learning in Retirement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/mcll-celebrates-its-30th-anniversary/|title=MCLL celebrates its 30th anniversary|date=November 5, 2019|website=McGill Reporter|access-date=February 24, 2021|archive-date=January 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122110514/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/mcll-celebrates-its-30th-anniversary/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its
===Other facilities===
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===Exchange and study abroad===
McGill maintains ties with more than 160 partner universities where students can study abroad for either one or two semesters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/mcgillabroad/mcgill-students-going-abroad/global-learning-opportunities|title=McGill students going abroad|publisher=McGill Abroad, McGill University|access-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327184450/https://www.mcgill.ca/mcgillabroad/mcgill-students-going-abroad/global-learning-opportunities|archive-date=March 27, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Each year, McGill hosts around 500 incoming exchange students from over 32 countries. The university offers a multitude of activities and events to integrate
===Finances===
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===Teaching and learning===
In the 2007–2008 school year, McGill offered over 340 academic programs in eleven faculties.<ref name="level2018">{{cite web|url=https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf|title=Enrolment Report Fall 2018: Overview by Level|publisher=McGill University|access-date=2018-11-24|archive-date=November 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124220237/https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |title=McGill University Calendars |access-date=April 22, 2009 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020802061459/http://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |archive-date=August 2, 2002}}</ref> The university also offers over 250 doctoral and master's graduate degree programs. Despite strong increases in university enrolment across North America,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |title=The Daily, Tuesday, October 11, 2005. University enrolment |access-date=July 20, 2008 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720095220/http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |archive-date=July 20, 2008}}</ref> McGill has upheld a
[[Tuition|Tuition fees]] vary significantly depending on the faculties that aspiring (graduate and undergraduate) students choose as well as their citizenship. For the undergraduate faculty of the arts, tuition fees vary for in-[[Provinces and territories of Canada|province]], out-of-province, and international students, with full-time Quebec students paying around $4,333.10<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca">{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|title=Student Accounts|publisher=Mcgill.ca|access-date=April 22, 2015|archive-date=April 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423143028/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|url-status=live}}</ref> per year, Canadian students from other provinces paying around $9,509.30<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca" /> per year, and [[Canadian nationality law|international]] students paying $22,102.57–$41,815.92 per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|title=Student Accounts – McGill University|access-date=3 June 2015|archive-date=September 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902112845/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|url-status=live}}</ref>
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In the 2008–2009 school year, McGill's graduate business program became funded by tuition. It was the last business school in Canada to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.macleans.ca/2009/10/01/mcgill-m-b-a-program-goes-private/|title=McGill M.B.A. program goes private|author=Martin Patriquin|work=Macleans.ca|date=October 2009|access-date=3 June 2015|archive-date=July 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727074830/http://www2.macleans.ca/2009/10/01/mcgill-m-b-a-program-goes-private/|url-status=live}}</ref>
For out-of-province first year undergraduate students, a high school average of 95 per cent is required to receive a guaranteed one-year entrance scholarship.<ref name="Entrance">[https://www.mcgill.ca/applying/undergrad2008-09/scholarships/ "Entrance awards"], McGill University. Retrieved June 13, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416004825/http://www.mcgill.ca/applying/undergrad2008-09/scholarships/ |date=April 16, 2008}}</ref> For renewal of previously earned scholarships, students generally need to be within the top 10 per cent of their faculty.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/recipients/ "Renewals"], McGill University. Accessed May 4, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221093300/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/recipients/ |date=February 21, 2007}}</ref> For in-course scholarships in particular, students must be within the top 5 per cent of their faculty.<ref name="incoursescholarships">{{cite web|title=In-course awards – For students already at McGill |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/in-course/ |publisher=McGill University |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516100208/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/in-course/ |archive-date=May 16, 2008}}</ref><ref name="deanshonourlist">{{cite web|title=Dean's Honour List |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/deanslist/ |publisher=McGill University |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516100157/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/deanslist/ |archive-date=May 16, 2008}}</ref>
The university has joined Project Hero, a scholarship program cofounded by General (Ret'd) [[Rick Hillier]] for the families of fallen [[Canadian Forces]] members.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |title=Project Hero |publisher=Accc.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113181437/http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |archive-date=January 13, 2010}}</ref> McGill is also partnered with the [[STEM fields|STEM]] initiative [[Schulich Leader Scholarships]], awarding an $80,000 scholarship to an incoming engineering student and a $60,000 scholarship to a student pursuing a degree in science/technology/mathematics each year.<ref name="Schulich">[https://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/schulich-leader-scholarships-reward-excellence-service-231431 "Schulich Leader Scholarships reward excellence, service"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630040853/http://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/schulich-leader-scholarships-reward-excellence-service-231431 |date=June 30, 2017 }}, McGill University. Retrieved June 30, 2014.</ref>
===Language policy===
McGill is one of three English-language universities in Quebec;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Immigration Québec - Choosing an educational institution and a program of study|url=https://www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/immigrate-settle/students/applying-admission/choosing-institution/index.html|access-date=2020-11-07|website=www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca|archive-date=July 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726083914/http://www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/immigrate-settle/students/applying-admission/choosing-institution/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> French is not a requirement to attend.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/law/grad-studies/admissions-guide/faq|access-date=May 16, 2021|website=Faculty of Law|archive-date=May 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516152347/https://www.mcgill.ca/law/grad-studies/admissions-guide/faq|url-status=live}}</ref> The Faculty of Law does, however, require all students to be '[[Passive speaker (language)|passively bilingual]]' since English or French may be used at any time.<ref>{{Cite web|title=General eligibility requirements|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/law/bcl-jd/admissions-guide/eligibility|access-date=2020-11-07|website=Faculty of Law|archive-date=November 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111232846/https://www.mcgill.ca/law/bcl-jd/admissions-guide/eligibility|url-status=live}}</ref>
Although the language of instruction is English, since its founding McGill has allowed students to write their thesis in French, and since 1964 students in all faculties have been able to submit any graded work in either English or French, provided the objective of the class is not to learn a particular language.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-0-10-1249-6929-10/index_souvenirs/vie_societe/mcgill_francais |title='McGill français!' – Souvenirs – Les Archives de Radio-Canada |publisher=Archives.cbc.ca |access-date=2011-02-20 |archive-date=October 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020193222/http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-0-10-1249-6929-10/index_souvenirs/vie_societe/mcgill_francais |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 1969, the [[Quebec nationalism|nationalist]] ''McGill français'' movement demanded McGill become francophone, pro-nationalist, and pro-worker.<ref>[http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html "McGill français and Quebec society"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202163306/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html |date=February 2, 2022 }}, "McGill Reporter", April 8, 1999. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> The movement was led by Stanley Gray, a [[political science]] [[professor]] (and possibly unaware of government plans after the
===Rankings and reputation===
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| UniName = McGill University
| CWUR_W = 27
| USNWR_GU =
| USNWR_N = 3
| QS_W = 30
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The [[McGill University Library]] comprises 12 branch libraries containing 11.5 million items in its collection.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Collections |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171955/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |url-status=live }}</ref> Its branches include the Department of Rare Books & Special Collections, which holds about 350,000 items, including books, manuscripts, maps, prints, and a general rare book collection.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Rare Books and Special Collections|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/rarebooks/about|work=McGill Library website|access-date=February 13, 2014|archive-date=February 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222220211/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/rarebooks/about|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Islamic Studies Library]] contains over 125,000 volumes and a growing number of electronic resources covering the whole of Islamic civilization, including approximately 3,000 rare books and manuscripts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2022 |title=Islamic studies collection policy |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections/collection-policies/islamic |access-date=April 2, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=December 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205142231/http://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections/collection-policies/islamic |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Osler Library of the History of Medicine]] is the largest medical history library in Canada and one of the most comprehensive in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=About the Osler Library of the History of Medicine |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/osler/about |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171920/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/osler/about |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Elizabeth Wirth Music Building - 01.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Wirth Music Building, also a library, sits adjacent to the old Strathcona Music Building.]]
The McGill University Archives – now administered as part of the McGill Library –
The [[Redpath Museum]] houses collections of interest to [[ethnology]], [[biology]], [[paleontology]], [[mineralogy]] and [[geology]]. Built in 1882, the Redpath is the oldest building in Canada built specifically to be a museum.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/redpath/about/ "About the Museum"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906204245/http://www.mcgill.ca/redpath/about |date=September 6, 2017 }}, "McGill University". Accessed May 11, 2008.</ref>
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In 2018, after a slew of protests—both online and on-campus—an online vote revealed that 78.8 per cent of the McGill student population were in favour of changing the varsity teams' "Redmen" name, with 21 per cent against.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Curtis |first1=Christopher |title=McGill students vote overwhelmingly to change 'Redmen' name in non-binding referendum |url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mcgill-redmen-tensions-mount-as-students-vote-on-controversial-name |access-date=March 27, 2019 |newspaper=[[Montreal Gazette]] |date=November 13, 2018 |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327210217/https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mcgill-redmen-tensions-mount-as-students-vote-on-controversial-name |url-status=live }}</ref> The university's nickname emerged in the 1920s. In the 1950s, both men's and women's teams came to be nicknamed the "Indians" and "Squaws", and some teams later adopted a logo of an indigenous man wearing a headdress in the 1980s and '90s. In December 2018, McGill University released a working group report that revealed deep divisions between students and alumni who defend the nearly century-old name and those who feel it is derogatory to indigenous students. In January 2019, it was announced that the principal Suzanne Fortier would decide whether or not to change the name by the end of the 2019 academic term.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deer |first1=Jessica |title=McGill to make decision on Redmen name by end of academic term |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/mcgill-redmen-name-decision-fortier-1.4999613 |access-date=March 27, 2019 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |date=January 30, 2019 |archive-date=March 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324230353/https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/mcgill-redmen-name-decision-fortier-1.4999613 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2019, an announcement confirmed that the Redmen name for its men's varsity sports teams had been dropped. No new name was planned; the groups would be known as the McGill teams. However, in 2020 McGill University revealed that the varsity men's sports teams would be known as the "[[McGill Redbirds and Martlets|Redbirds]]". The name carries historical links to several McGill sports clubs, teams, and events.<ref>{{cite news |title=The McGill Redbirds: new name for a new era to wear, and cheer for with pride |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-redbirds-new-name-new-era-wear-and-cheer-pride-326286 |access-date=21 November 2020 |agency=McGill University |publisher=Newsroom Institutional Communications |date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117155303/https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-redbirds-new-name-new-era-wear-and-cheer-pride-326286 |url-status=live }}</ref> The former name would remain in the McGill Sports Hall of Fame and on items such as existing plaques, trophies and championship photos.<ref>{{cite news |title=McGill University drops Redmen name from sports teams, cites pain caused to Indigenous students |url=https://www.thestar.com/sports/2019/04/12/mcgill-university-to-drop-redmen-name-from-sports-teams.html |access-date=April 13, 2019 |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=April 12, 2019 |archive-date=April 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413091647/https://www.thestar.com/sports/2019/04/12/mcgill-university-to-drop-redmen-name-from-sports-teams.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
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{{Main list|List of McGill University people}}
McGill counts among its alumni and faculty [[List of McGill University people#Nobel Prize graduates and faculty members|12 Nobel laureates]]<ref name=":0"/> and 145 [[Rhodes Scholars]],<ref name="McDevitt"/> both the most of any university in Canada,<ref name=":0"/> as well as five astronauts,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/|title=McGill Reporter - News you can use about what's happening around the University|website=McGill Reporter|access-date=2020-01-16|archive-date=November 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119131323/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/|url-status=live}}</ref> the current [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]] and two former [[Canadian prime ministers|prime ministers of Canada]],
In education, McGill alumni have played pivotal roles in the founding of several institutions of higher education. These include the first President of the [[University of British Columbia]] (UBC) [[Frank Wesbrook]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |title=Frank F. Wesbrook fonds |publisher=University of British Columbia Archives |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217154258/https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> the former President of UBC and current President of the [[University of Michigan]] [[Santa J. Ono]], the co-founder of the [[Johns Hopkins School of Medicine|Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine]] [[William Osler]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moments that changed McGill|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996|access-date=2020-10-18|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|archive-date=August 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826193001/http://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996|url-status=live}}</ref> and the first President of the [[University of Alberta]] [[Henry Marshall Tory]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Henry Marshall Tory|url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=sites.ualberta.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019082316/https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> More recent academic leaders include pro chancellor of [[Khaja Bandanawaz University]] [[Syed Muhammad Ali Al Hussaini]], President of [[Princeton University]] [[Harold Tafler Shapiro]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harold T. Shapiro|url=https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home|access-date=2020-10-18|website=scholar.princeton.edu|archive-date=November 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130003120/https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home|url-status=live}}</ref> President of [[Stanford University]] [[Marc Tessier-Lavigne|Marc Trevor Tessier-Lavigne]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lapin|first=Lisa|date=February 4, 2015|title=Neuroscience pioneer Marc Tessier-Lavigne named Stanford's next president|url=https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=news.stanford.edu|archive-date=January 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112171345/https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/|url-status=live}}</ref> and Vice-Chancellor of the [[University of Cambridge]] [[Stephen Toope]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notices - Cambridge University Reporter 6436|url=http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2016-17/weekly/6436/section1.shtml#heading2-1|access-date=2020-10-18|website=www.admin.cam.ac.uk|archive-date=December 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208013323/https://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2016-17/weekly/6436/section1.shtml#heading2-1|url-status=live}}</ref>
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In the sciences, McGill graduates and faculty have received a total of 12 Nobel Prizes in disciplines ranging from Physiology, Medicine, Economics, Chemistry and Physics. McGill has also produced five astronauts out of 14 total selected in the [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]'s history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/|title=McGill grad Jennifer Sidey becomes Canada's newest astronaut : McGill Reporter|website=publications.mcgill.ca|access-date=2018-06-23|archive-date=June 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165814/https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/|url-status=live}}</ref> Other prominent science alumni include the inventor of the [[artificial cell]] [[Thomas Chang]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Chang|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology|access-date=2020-10-18|website=About McGill|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829132455/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology|url-status=live}}</ref> inventor of the [[Web search engine|internet search engine]] [[Alan Emtage]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Search engine pioneer inducted into Internet Hall of Fame|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768|access-date=2020-10-18|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|archive-date=May 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517000953/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768|url-status=live}}</ref> inventor of the explosives vapour detector (EVD-1) [[Lorne Elias]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ideas That Made History|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222|access-date=2022-01-23|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|language=en|archive-date=September 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927172017/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Turing Award]] winner [[Yoshua Bengio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acm.org/media-center/2019/march/turing-award-2018|title=Fathers of the Deep Learning Revolution Receive ACM A.M. Turing Award|website=Association for Computing Machinery|date=March 27, 2019|location=New York|access-date=March 27, 2019|archive-date=August 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823144344/https://www.acm.org/media-center/2019/march/turing-award-2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
In law and politics, McGill alumni include three [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Ministers of Canada]] ([[John Abbott]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir John Abbott {{!}} prime minister of Canada|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott|access-date=2020-10-18|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|archive-date=May 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529224752/https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Wilfrid Laurier]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir Wilfrid Laurier {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier|access-date=2020-10-18|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019030337/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Justin Trudeau]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Justin Trudeau {{!}} Biography, Facts, & Father|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau|access-date=2020-10-18|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|quote=Trudeau earned a B.A. in English from McGill University (1994)|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028065925/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau|url-status=live}}</ref>), one [[Governor General of Canada]] ([[Julie Payette]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Governor General of Canada Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette Biography|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography|access-date=18 Oct 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013183106/https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography|url-status=dead}}</ref>)
In sport, McGill students and alumni include 121 [[Olympic Games|Olympians]] who have won 35 Olympic medals.<ref name="Olympians" /> Other notable sporting alumni include the inventor of [[basketball]] [[James Naismith]],<ref name="biography.com">{{cite web |title=James Naismith |url=https://www.biography.com/scholar/james-a-naismith |access-date=January 25, 2020 |archive-date=April 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402191209/https://www.biography.com/people/james-a-naismith-9420059 |url-status=live}}</ref> influential [[baseball statistics|baseball statistician]] [[Allan Roth]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=McCue |first1=Andy |title=Allan Roth |url=https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/allan-roth/ |publisher=[[Society for American Baseball Research]] (SABR BioProject) |access-date=July 17, 2023 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016201359/https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/allan-roth/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the first medical doctor to win a [[Super Bowl]] [[Laurent Duvernay-Tardif]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Laurent Duvernay-Tardif adds Super Bowl champion to his resumé|date=3 February 2020|url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/dr-laurent-duvernay-tardif-adds-super-bowl-champion-to-his-resume/|access-date=11 March 2020|archive-date=June 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603024433/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/dr-laurent-duvernay-tardif-adds-super-bowl-champion-to-his-resume/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Triple Gold Club]] member [[Mike Babcock]].<ref>{{Cite press release|title=Education alumnus Mike Babcock (BEd (Phys Ed) 1986) to receive Order of Hockey in Canada honour|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629|access-date=2020-10-18|publisher=McGill Faculty of Education|archive-date=April 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404074818/https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629|url-status=live}}</ref>
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