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{{Short description|Public university in Montreal
{{pp-protected|small=yes}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=May 2021}}
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| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Université McGill ([[French language|French]])
| image = McGill University CoA.svg
| image_size =
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| president = [[Deep Saini|H. Deep Saini]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-university-appoints-h-deep-saini-new-principal-and-vice-chancellor-343502|title=McGill University appoints H. Deep Saini as new Principal and Vice-Chancellor|date=2022-11-14|language=en-CA|access-date=2022-11-27|archive-date=November 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126212841/https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-university-appoints-h-deep-saini-new-principal-and-vice-chancellor-343502|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=McGill Reporter Staff |title=Leadership nomenclature change: Principal to President |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/leadership-nomenclature-change-principal-to-president/ |website=McGill Reporter |access-date=25 April 2024 |date=12 December 2023}}</ref>
| director =
| dean =
| head_label = [[Visitor]]
| head = [[Mary Simon]] (as [[Governor General of Canada]])
| academic_staff = 3,476 (staff) 1,747 tenure track, 1,667 non-tenure track (faculty)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|title=McGill FY 2022 Budget Book - Table 4: Staff Headcount, as of January 31 each year|website=mcgill.ca|access-date=May 30, 2022|archive-date=July 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021152/https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| administrative_staff = 4,327<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|title=McGill FY 2022 Budget Book - Table 4: Staff Headcount, as of January 31 each year|website=mcgill.ca|access-date=May 30, 2022|archive-date=July 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021152/https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| students = 39,
| undergrad =
| postgrad = 10,
| doctoral =
| other = 2,
| city = [[Montreal, Quebec]]
| country = Canada
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<!--- Please REFER TO THE TALK PAGE before making any edits to the lead, especially if it relates to rankings. The lead was completely reworked as part of a major copyedit. See talk page before you revert or add in significant details. --->
'''McGill University''' (French: Université McGill) is an English-language [[public university|public]] [[research university]] located in [[Montreal, Quebec]], [[Canada]]. Founded in 1821 by [[royal charter]],<ref name="Frost, Stanley Brice 1895">Frost, Stanley Brice. ''McGill University, Vol. I. For the Advancement of Learning, 1801–1895.'' McGill-Queen's University Press, 1980. {{ISBN|978-0-7735-0353-3}}</ref> the university bears the name of [[James McGill]], a [[Scotland|Scottish]] merchant,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was James McGill? |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=McGill |language=en}}</ref> whose [[bequest]] in 1813 established the '''University of McGill College'''. In 1885, the name was officially changed to McGill University.
Currently, McGill
McGill alumni, faculty, and affiliates include 12 [[List of McGill University people#Nobel Prize graduates and faculty members|Nobel laureates]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=McGill University: Tuition and Profile|url=https://www.macleans.ca/schools/mcgill-university/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=www.macleans.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019230736/https://www.macleans.ca/schools/mcgill-university/|url-status=live}}</ref> and 148 [[Rhodes Scholars]],<ref name="McDevitt">{{cite news |last=McDevitt |first=Neale |date=December 19, 2023 |title=Keeping her eye on the Rhodes |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/keeping-her-eye-on-the-rhodes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124153008/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/keeping-her-eye-on-the-rhodes/ |archive-date=January 24, 2024 |access-date=April 5, 2024 |newspaper=McGill Reporter}}</ref>
==History==
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===Teaching and learning===
In the 2007–2008 school year, McGill offered over 340 academic programs in eleven faculties.<ref name="level2018">{{cite web|url=https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf|title=Enrolment Report Fall 2018: Overview by Level|publisher=McGill University|access-date=2018-11-24|archive-date=November 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124220237/https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |title=McGill University Calendars |access-date=April 22, 2009 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020802061459/http://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |archive-date=August 2, 2002}}</ref> The university also offers over 250 doctoral and master's graduate degree programs. Despite strong increases in university enrolment across North America,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |title=The Daily, Tuesday, October 11, 2005. University enrolment |access-date=July 20, 2008 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720095220/http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |archive-date=July 20, 2008}}</ref> McGill has upheld a
[[Tuition|Tuition fees]] vary significantly depending on the faculties that aspiring (graduate and undergraduate) students choose as well as their citizenship. For the undergraduate faculty of the arts, tuition fees vary for in-[[Provinces and territories of Canada|province]], out-of-province, and international students, with full-time Quebec students paying around $4,333.10<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca">{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|title=Student Accounts|publisher=Mcgill.ca|access-date=April 22, 2015|archive-date=April 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423143028/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|url-status=live}}</ref> per year, Canadian students from other provinces paying around $9,509.30<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca" /> per year, and [[Canadian nationality law|international]] students paying $22,102.57–$41,815.92 per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|title=Student Accounts – McGill University|access-date=3 June 2015|archive-date=September 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902112845/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| UniName = McGill University
| CWUR_W = 27
| USNWR_GU =
| USNWR_N = 3
| QS_W = 30
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{{Main list|List of McGill University people}}
McGill counts among its alumni and faculty [[List of McGill University people#Nobel Prize graduates and faculty members|12 Nobel laureates]]<ref name=":0"/> and 145 [[Rhodes Scholars]],<ref name="McDevitt"/> both the most of any university in Canada,<ref name=":0"/> as well as five astronauts,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/|title=McGill Reporter - News you can use about what's happening around the University|website=McGill Reporter|access-date=2020-01-16|archive-date=November 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119131323/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/|url-status=live}}</ref> the current [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]] and two former [[Canadian prime ministers|prime ministers of Canada]],
In education, McGill alumni have played pivotal roles in the founding of several institutions of higher education. These include the first President of the [[University of British Columbia]] (UBC) [[Frank Wesbrook]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |title=Frank F. Wesbrook fonds |publisher=University of British Columbia Archives |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217154258/https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> the former President of UBC and current President of the [[University of Michigan]] [[Santa J. Ono]], the co-founder of the [[Johns Hopkins School of Medicine|Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine]] [[William Osler]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moments that changed McGill|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996|access-date=2020-10-18|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|archive-date=August 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826193001/http://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996|url-status=live}}</ref> and the first President of the [[University of Alberta]] [[Henry Marshall Tory]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Henry Marshall Tory|url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=sites.ualberta.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019082316/https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> More recent academic leaders include pro chancellor of [[Khaja Bandanawaz University]] [[Syed Muhammad Ali Al Hussaini]], President of [[Princeton University]] [[Harold Tafler Shapiro]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harold T. Shapiro|url=https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home|access-date=2020-10-18|website=scholar.princeton.edu|archive-date=November 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130003120/https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home|url-status=live}}</ref> President of [[Stanford University]] [[Marc Tessier-Lavigne|Marc Trevor Tessier-Lavigne]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lapin|first=Lisa|date=February 4, 2015|title=Neuroscience pioneer Marc Tessier-Lavigne named Stanford's next president|url=https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=news.stanford.edu|archive-date=January 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112171345/https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/|url-status=live}}</ref> and Vice-Chancellor of the [[University of Cambridge]] [[Stephen Toope]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notices - Cambridge University Reporter 6436|url=http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2016-17/weekly/6436/section1.shtml#heading2-1|access-date=2020-10-18|website=www.admin.cam.ac.uk|archive-date=December 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208013323/https://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2016-17/weekly/6436/section1.shtml#heading2-1|url-status=live}}</ref>
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In the sciences, McGill graduates and faculty have received a total of 12 Nobel Prizes in disciplines ranging from Physiology, Medicine, Economics, Chemistry and Physics. McGill has also produced five astronauts out of 14 total selected in the [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]'s history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/|title=McGill grad Jennifer Sidey becomes Canada's newest astronaut : McGill Reporter|website=publications.mcgill.ca|access-date=2018-06-23|archive-date=June 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165814/https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/|url-status=live}}</ref> Other prominent science alumni include the inventor of the [[artificial cell]] [[Thomas Chang]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Chang|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology|access-date=2020-10-18|website=About McGill|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829132455/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology|url-status=live}}</ref> inventor of the [[Web search engine|internet search engine]] [[Alan Emtage]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Search engine pioneer inducted into Internet Hall of Fame|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768|access-date=2020-10-18|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|archive-date=May 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517000953/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768|url-status=live}}</ref> inventor of the explosives vapour detector (EVD-1) [[Lorne Elias]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ideas That Made History|url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222|access-date=2022-01-23|website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca|language=en|archive-date=September 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927172017/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Turing Award]] winner [[Yoshua Bengio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acm.org/media-center/2019/march/turing-award-2018|title=Fathers of the Deep Learning Revolution Receive ACM A.M. Turing Award|website=Association for Computing Machinery|date=March 27, 2019|location=New York|access-date=March 27, 2019|archive-date=August 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823144344/https://www.acm.org/media-center/2019/march/turing-award-2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
In law and politics, McGill alumni include three [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Ministers of Canada]] ([[John Abbott]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir John Abbott {{!}} prime minister of Canada|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott|access-date=2020-10-18|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|archive-date=May 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529224752/https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Wilfrid Laurier]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir Wilfrid Laurier {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier|access-date=2020-10-18|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019030337/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Justin Trudeau]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Justin Trudeau {{!}} Biography, Facts, & Father|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau|access-date=2020-10-18|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|quote=Trudeau earned a B.A. in English from McGill University (1994)|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028065925/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau|url-status=live}}</ref>), one [[Governor General of Canada]] ([[Julie Payette]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Governor General of Canada Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette Biography|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography|access-date=18 Oct 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013183106/https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography|url-status=dead}}</ref>)
In sport, McGill students and alumni include 121 [[Olympic Games|Olympians]] who have won 35 Olympic medals.<ref name="Olympians" /> Other notable sporting alumni include the inventor of [[basketball]] [[James Naismith]],<ref name="biography.com">{{cite web |title=James Naismith |url=https://www.biography.com/scholar/james-a-naismith |access-date=January 25, 2020 |archive-date=April 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402191209/https://www.biography.com/people/james-a-naismith-9420059 |url-status=live}}</ref> influential [[baseball statistics|baseball statistician]] [[Allan Roth]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=McCue |first1=Andy |title=Allan Roth |url=https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/allan-roth/ |publisher=[[Society for American Baseball Research]] (SABR BioProject) |access-date=July 17, 2023 |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016201359/https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/allan-roth/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the first medical doctor to win a [[Super Bowl]] [[Laurent Duvernay-Tardif]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Laurent Duvernay-Tardif adds Super Bowl champion to his resumé|date=3 February 2020|url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/dr-laurent-duvernay-tardif-adds-super-bowl-champion-to-his-resume/|access-date=11 March 2020|archive-date=June 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603024433/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/dr-laurent-duvernay-tardif-adds-super-bowl-champion-to-his-resume/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Triple Gold Club]] member [[Mike Babcock]].<ref>{{Cite press release|title=Education alumnus Mike Babcock (BEd (Phys Ed) 1986) to receive Order of Hockey in Canada honour|url=https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629|access-date=2020-10-18|publisher=McGill Faculty of Education|archive-date=April 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404074818/https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629|url-status=live}}</ref>
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