Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education: Difference between revisions

| name = Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education

| native_name = Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey

| image = Logo Tecnologico de Monterrey.svg

| image_upright = 10.7

| established = {{start date and age|1943|09|06}}<ref name="50aniv"/>

| type = [[Private university|Private]]

| founder = [[Eugenio Garza Sada]]

| academic_affiliations = [[Southern Association of Colleges and Schools|SACS]], [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities|APRU]], [[Universitas 21]], [[European Consortium of Innovative Universities|ECIU]], [[ANUIES]], [[CUDI]], FIMPES, [[Compostela Group of Universities|CGU]], [[Worldwide Universities Network|WUN]], [[Washington University in St. Louis]] McDonnell International Scholars Academy<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mcdonnell.wustl.edu/|title=Home|website=McDonnell International Scholars Academy}}</ref>

| presidentrector = [[David Garza Salazar]]

| studentsother = 9127,200150 (2019)<ref name="cifras"/>

| othercountry = 27,150 (2019)<ref name="cifras"/> [[Mexico]]

| citycampus = 26 across [[MonterreyMexico]]<ref name="campus"/>

| statecolors = [[NuevoBlue León]]{{color box|#0039AC}}

'''Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey''' ('''ITESM'''; {{lang-en|Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education}}), also known as '''Tecnológico de Monterrey''' or just '''Tec''', is a [[secular]] and [[Mixed-sexprivate educationuniversity|coeducationalprivate]] [[privateresearch university]] based in [[Monterrey]], [[Mexico]], which has grown to include 35 [[campus]]es throughout the country.<ref name="campus">{{cite web|title=Educación|url=https://tec.mx/es/educacion|access-date=February 17, 2022|publisher=Tecnológico de Monterrey|language=es}}</ref> One of only 45 universities in the world to be ranked with 5 [[QS World University Rankings|QS Stars]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tecnológico de Monterrey|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/tecnologico-de-monterrey|access-date=2021-02-28|website=www.topuniversities.com|language=en}}</ref> it is widely recognized as one of the most prestigious universities in [[Latin America]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/employability-rankings/2017|title=Graduate Employability Rankings 2016|date=November 5, 2015|website=Top Universities|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/latin-american-university-rankings/2016|title=QS Latin American University Rankings 2016|date=November 5, 2015|website=Top Universities|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref><ref name="topuniversities.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2014|title=QS World University Rankings® 2014/15|date=September 11, 2014|website=Top Universities|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref><ref name="webometrics.info">{{cite web|url=http://www.webometrics.info/es/americas/latin_america|title=Latinoamérica – Ranking Web de Universidades|website=Webometrics.info|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref><ref name="topuniversities.com1">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/latin-american-university-rankings/2014|title=QS University Rankings: Latin America 2014|date=May 22, 2014|website=Top Universities|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref>

FoundedThe university was founded in 1943 by [[Eugenio Garza Sada]], an [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]]-educated industrialist,. the university has always had close links with the Mexican business elite; asAs of 2019, it is the 15th university in the world with the [[List of universities by number of billionaire alumni|highest number of billionaire alumni]] according to the ''[[Times Higher Education]]'' and the only university in [[Latin America]] to appear in the ranking.<ref>{{cite web|title=Where do Billionaires go to University?|date=April 11, 2019|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news/where-do-billionaires-go-university|access-date=February 27, 2021|via=The Times Higher Education Supplement}}</ref> ITESM is also known as being the first university to be connected to the [[Internet]] in [[Ibero-America]],<ref name="nic-mx-history">{{cite web|url=http://www.cem.itesm.mx/dacs/publicaciones/logos/espejo/2001/diciembre.html|title=El porvenir de NIC México |last=Islas | first = Octavio | author2=Gutiérrez, Fernando |date=December 2001|publisher=Razón y Palabra|language=es|access-date=July 5, 2008}}</ref><ref name="rediris">{{cite web|url=http://www.rediris.es/rediris/boletin/45/enfoque2.html|title=Fundamentos históricos de la Internet en Europa y en España|last=Sanz|first=Miguel A.|date=November 22, 2007|publisher=[[RedIRIS]]|language=es|access-date=July 4, 2008|quote=Así, fruto de esta decisión, la primera conexión plena desde España a la Internet tuvo lugar a mediados del año 1990 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080528061427/http://www.rediris.es/rediris/boletin/45/enfoque2.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = May 28, 2008}}</ref><ref group="nb">The first connection from Spain was completed in mid-1990 (see ''Sanz'') while the Institute was connected in February 1989 (see ''Islas'').</ref> having the top-ranked [[business school]] in the region according to the [[The Economist|''Economist'']],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/whichmba/executive-mba-ranking/2015/egade-tecnologico-de-monterrey|title=EGADE-Tecnologico de Monterrey|access-date=December 22, 2018|newspaper=The Economist}}</ref> and being one of the leaders in [[patent application]]s among Mexican universities.<ref name="patentes">{{cite web|url=http://www.impi.gob.mx/QuienesSomos/Documentos%20Varios/IA2009.pdf|title=2009 Mexican Institute of Industrial Property Annual Report|publisher=[[Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial]]|language=es|access-date=February 11, 2015|quote=Las universidades que presentaron más solicitudes de patente en nuestro país fueron: el Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) con 37, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) con 21 y la Universidad de Guanajuato (UG) con 10.|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212072909/http://www.impi.gob.mx/QuienesSomos/Documentos%20Varios/IA2009.pdf|archive-date=February 12, 2015}}</ref> The [[medical school]] offers the only [[MD-PhD|MD-Phd]] program available in Mexico, in partnership with the [[Houston Methodist Hospital]].|archive-date=February 12, 2015 }}</ref><ref name="escuelademedicina.itesm.mx">{{cite web|url=http://escuelademedicina.tec.mx/programa-md-phd.aspx|title=Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud TecSalud del Tecnológico de Monterrey|website=Escuelademedicina.tec.mx|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref>

Its growth outside the city of Monterrey began in the late-1960s, when both its [[Rector (academia)|rector]] and head of academics lobbied for expansion. A first attempt, funded a few years earlier by several businessmen from [[Mexicali]], [[Baja California]], was staffed and organized by the Institute but faced opposition from the Board of Trustees once the federal government refused any additional subsidy<ref name="gomezjunco2">{{cite book|last=Gómez Junco|first=Horacio|title=Desde adentro|publisher=Fondo Estatal para la Cultura y las Artes de Nuevo León|location=Monterrey, Mexico|year=1997|isbn= 978-970-18-0056-0|oclc=44019433|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBPAAAAMAAJ|access-date=July 4, 2008|language=es|quote=[E]l exrector del Tec, Víctor Bravo Ahuja, entonces subsecretario de Educación Pública, prometió un subsidio para la naciente escuela, siempre y cuando no llevara el nombre del Tecnológico de Monterrey. No era conveniente, decía, pues eran los tiempos en que el gobierno federal todavía mostraba franca animadversión en contra del Grupo Monterrey|page=178}}</ref> and members of the Board cast doubt on its ability to get funds as an out-of-state university. At the end the project was renamed ''[[Centro de Enseñanza Técnica y Superior]] (CETYS)'' and grew into a fully independent institution.<ref name="mendirichaga"/>{{page needed|date=September 2020}}<ref name="gomezjunco">{{cite book|last=Gómez Junco|first=Horacio|title=Desde adentro|publisher=Fondo Estatal para la Cultura y las Artes de Nuevo León|location=Monterrey, Mexico|year=1997|isbn= 978-970-18-0056-0|oclc=44019433|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBPAAAAMAAJ|access-date=July 4, 2008|language=es}}</ref>{{page needed|date=September 2020}}

Aside from the CETYS experiment and the 150 hectares bought in 1951 for the agricultural program's experimental facilities in nearby [[Apodaca, Nuevo León]], no other expansion outside Monterrey was attempted until 1967, when a school of maritime studies was built in the port of [[Guaymas]], [[Sonora]]. Shortly thereafter, premises were built in [[Ciudad Obregón, Sonora|Obregón]] and courses began to be offered in [[Mexico City]]. Those premises and the ones that followed, then called external units, were fully dependent on the Monterrey Campus until 1984, when they were restructured as semi-independent campuses and reorganized in regional rectorates (''see [[#Organization|Organization]]'').{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}

*'''Mexico CityCentro:''' [https://tec.mx/en/ciudad-de-mexico-campus Mexico City], Santa Fe, State of Mexico, PrepaTec Esmeralda, Toluca

*'''South''': Chiapas, Cuernavaca, Hidalgo, PrepaTec Metepec, Puebla and Toluca

*Eight international sites in [[Argentina]] ([[Buenos Aires]]), [[Colombia]] ([[Bogotá]], [[Medellín]]), [[Ecuador]] ([[Guayaquil]] and [[Quito]]), [[Panama]] ([[Panama City]]), [[Peru]] ([[Lima]]) and the [[United States]] ([[Miami]]) offering extension courses, research and international consulting.<ref name="campus"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Internacionalización|url=https://tec.mx/es/internacionalizacion|access-date=February 17, 2022|publisher=Tecnológico de Monterrey}}</ref>

*Fifteen liaison offices in charge of forging international partnerships and negotiating professional internships and academic exchanges with local universities, companies and civil institutions. Current liaison offices are located in [[Belgium]] ([[Brussels]]), [[Canada]] ([[Montreal]] and [[Vancouver]]), [[China]] ([[Beijing]], [[Guangzhou]] and [[Shanghai]]), [[France]] ([[Nice]] and [[Paris]]), [[Italy]] ([[Florence]], [[Macerata]] and [[Verona]]), [[Switzerland]] ([[Fribourg]]), [[Spain]] ([[Barcelona]] and [[Madrid]]) and the [[United States]] ([[Boston]], [[Dallas]] and [[Washington, D.C.]])<ref name="campus"/>

Following the historical trend of Mexico's largest universities,<ref name="wes-highschool">{{cite web|title=Education in Mexico|last=Rowling|first=Kevin|date=June 2006|url=http://www.wes.org/ewenr/06jun/practical.htm|publisher=World Education Services|access-date=October 20, 2008}}</ref> the Institute sponsors several [[high school]]s thatwhich are united under the name "HighPoint International School". This high schools share one or more national curricula: bicultural, multicultural and/or [[International Baccalaureate]], which is administered from [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]].<ref name="ibo">{{cite web|url=https://tec.mx/es/prepatec/programas-academicos|title=PrepaTec Programas Académicos (Spanish)|website=TEC.MX|publisher=International Baccalaureate|access-date=June 30, 2019}}</ref> The bicultural focuses on better understanding of the English language, the multicultural program requires studying a third language and to have an exchange program abroad. Finally, the IB is an academically challenging program where students can obtain the [[IB Diploma Programme|IB Diploma]] when they graduate. Additionally, students can receive college credits both at the TEC and universities abroad.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.ibo.org/blog/2018/05/05/getting-ib-credit-at-university/|title=Getting IB diploma credit at US colleges and universities {{!}} IB Community Blog|language=en-US|access-date=June 30, 2019}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=September 2020}} Multicultural students are able to take IB courses if they wish with the focus on obtaining IB Subject Certificates. {{As of|2017|12}}, over 26,000 students in several campuses were registered as high school students within the system.<ref name="cifras"/>

| ARWU_W = 201-500801–900| ARWU_W_year =20212022 | ARWU_W_ref = <ref>[http://www.shanghairanking.com/institution/monterrey-institute-of-technology-and-higher-education Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]</ref>

| THE_WQS_W = 601-800 =184 | THE_W_yearQS_W_year = 2021 2024 | THE_W_refQS_W_ref = <ref>[{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducationtopuniversities.com/world-university-rankingsuniversities/monterreytecnologico-institutede-technologymonterrey|title=QS THEWorld MonterreyUniversity InstituteRankings of2024|website=Top Technology]Universities}}</ref>

*The Bachelor of Science in Industrial Engineering is offered in partnership with the [[University of Technology of Troyes|Université de Technologie de Troyes]] in [[France]] and with the {{Lang|fr|[[Université Laval]]|italic=no}} in [[Quebec City|Quebec]], [[Canada]].

The School of Medicine was founded to satisfy the country's need for high quality medical training and innovation in [[biomedical research]]. Currently, there are approximately 500 students enrolled in the M.D. program and about 105 postgraduate students. Aside from the medical doctor program, the School of Medicine also offers a joint M.D.-Ph.D. program with Houston Methodist Hospital, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas A&M Health Science Center, and other Bachelors in Biosciences, Nutrition Sciences and Biomedical Engineering. The graduate medical education department offers several medical residency and fellowship programs.<ref name="escuelademedicina.itesm.mx"/> The general director of the TecSalud organization is Guillermo Torre M.D. PhD, a cardiologist who trained under [[Michael E. DeBakey]] MD at [[Baylor College of Medicine]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.houstonmethodist.org/faculty/guillermo-torre/|title=Houston Methodist|website=Houstonmethodist.org|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/retrieve/ResourceMetadata/FJBBQQ|title=A Conversation Remembering Michael E. DeBakey with Dr. Donald A. B. Lindberg and Dr. Guillermo Torre-Amione|first1=Guillermo|last1=Torre-Amione|first2=Methodist|last2=Hospital|date=March 31, 2010|website=Profiles.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref>

Although some of the founding members of its faculty were prominent researchers (first rector [[León Ávalos y Vez]] had formed a National Commission on Science and served as director-general of the School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering of the [[National Polytechnic Institute]]) formal research activities at the institute did not start until 1951, when its Institute of Industrial Research was founded in close collaboration with the [[Southwest Research Institute]] of [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]], [[Texas]] —one of the oldest and largest independent, nonprofit, applied research and development organizations in the [[United States]].<ref name="10-aniv">{{cite book|title=Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey: Décimo Aniversario 1943–1953|publisher=Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey|location=Monterrey|date=January 1954|page=26|oclc=19450249|language=es|quote="Fue creado bajo patrocinio de Enseñanza e Investigación Superior, y está afiliado al Southwest Research Institute, centro de investigaciones norteamericano.}}</ref>