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{{Short description|Publication series by Palmer Cox}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{About|the drawings of Palmer Cox|the household spirits in British folklore|Brownie (folklore)|junior Girl Guides|Brownie (Girl Guides)}}
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'''''The Brownies''''' is a series of publications by Canadian illustrator and author [[Palmer Cox]], based on names and elements from English traditional mythology and Scottish stories told to Cox by his grandmother. Illustrations with verse aimed at children, ''The Brownies'' was published in magazines and books during the late 19th century and early 20th century. The Brownie characters became famous in their day, and were the first North American comic characters to be internationally [[merchandising|merchandised]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Wood |first=Carrie |date=2020 |editor-last=Overstreet |editor-first=Robert |title=[[The Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide]] |edition=50 |publisher=[[Gemstone Publishing]] |page=325 |chapter=The Platinum Age: The American Comic Book 1883-1938|editor-link=Robert Overstreet |isbn=9781603602518}}</ref>
== Characters and story ==
Brownies are little [[fairy]]- or [[goblin]]-like creatures who appear at night and make mischief and do helpful tasks. As published by [[Palmer Cox]], they were based on Scottish folktales.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yoon |first1=Clara |title=The Brownies: A Cartoon and Commercial Craze |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/stories/articles/2018/7/9/brownies-cartoon-commercial-craze |website=PBS: Antique Roadshow |publisher=PBS |accessdate=9 July 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Palmer Cox, Brownies at Home - Twelve Vignettes, c. 1893, NGA 56973.jpg|thumb|Palmer Cox, Brownies at Home - Twelve Vignettes, c. 1893, NGA 56973]]<ref>
{{cite archive |first= Palmer|last= Cox|item = Brownies at Home - Twelve Vignettes|item-url = https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.56973.html|item-id = NGA 56973|date = c. 1893|collection = Department of Prints and Drawings|institution = National Gallery of Art|location = Washington D.C.|accession= 1979.20.25}}</ref>
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==Publication history==
[[Image:DanceOfTheBrowniesCover.jpg|right|thumb|1895 sheet music. Typically of unauthorized merchandising of the era, the appearance of the ''Brownies'' characters is similar to but slightly different from Cox's drawings.]]
The first appearances of Brownie characters in a print publication took place in 1879, but not until the February 1881 issue of ''[[Wide Awake magazine|Wide Awake]]'' magazine were the creatures printed in their final form.<ref name=toonopedia-brownies>[http://www.toonopedia.com/brownies.htm ''The Brownies'' (1881)] at [[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]. [https://archive.today/20240528073210/https://www.webcitation.org/6xQjN0pgn?url=http://www.toonopedia.com/brownies.htm Archived] from the original on February 22, 2018.</ref> The first proper story, ''The Brownies' Ride'', appeared in the February 1883 issue of the children's periodical ''[[St. Nicholas Magazine]]''.<ref name=fmbi>{{Cite web|last=Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon|title=The Brownies|url=http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/brownies/brownies.html}}</ref>
Published in 1899, ''The Brownies Abroad'' is considered the first ''Brownie'' [[comic strip]], though it was mostly a [[text comic]]. It didn't utilise [[speech balloons]] until the publication ''The Brownie Clown of Brownie Town'' of 1908.<ref name=fmbcs>{{Cite web|last=Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon|title=Brownies comic strips|url=http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/brownies/brownies_strip.html}}</ref> From 1903, ''The Brownies'' appeared as a newspaper [[Sunday strip]] for several years.<ref name=toonopedia-brownies/>
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[[Category:Canadian children's books]]
[[Category:Comic strips started in the 1890s]]
[[Category:Fairies
[[Category:Fictional fairies
[[Category:Kodak cameras]]
[[Category:Canadian comic strips]]
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[[Category:Text comics]]
[[Category:Brownies (folklore)|*]]
[[Category:Public domain comics]]
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