Harbour porpoise: Difference between revisions

[[Noise pollution|Noise]] from ship traffic and oil platforms is thought to affect the distribution of toothed whales, like the harbour porpoise, that use echolocation for communication and prey detection. Noise from shipping traffic, particularly busy sea lanes, appears to instigate evasive behavior, with predominantly lateral movements during the day and deeper dives during the night.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Frankish|first1=C.K.|last2=von Benda-Beckmann|first2=A.M.|last3=Teilmann|first3=J.|last4=Tougaard|first4=J.|last5=Dietz|first5=R.|last6=Sveegaard|first6=S.|last7=Binnerts|first7=B.|last8=de Jong|first8=C.A.|last9=Nabe-Nielsen|first9=J.|year=2023|title=Ship noise causes tagged harbour porpoises to change direction or dive deeper|journal=Marine Pollution Bulletin|volume=197|pages=115755|doi=10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115755}}</ref> The construction of thousands of offshore wind turbines, planned in different areas of North Sea, is known to cause displacement of porpoises from the construction site,<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Carstensen | first1 = J. | last2 = Henriksen | first2 = O. D. | last3 = Teilmann | first3 = J. | year = 2006 | title = Impacts on harbour porpoises from offshore wind farm construction: Acoustic monitoring of echolocation activity using porpoise detectors (T-PODs) | journal = Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. | volume = 321 | pages = 295–308 | doi=10.3354/meps321295| doi-access = free }}</ref> particularly if steel monopile foundations are installed by percussive piling, where reactions can occur at distances of more than {{convert|20|km|nmi|frac=2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Tougaard | first1 = J. | last2 = Carstensen | first2 = J. | last3 = Teilmann | first3 = J. | last4 = Skov | first4 = H. | last5 = Rasmussen | first5 = P. | year = 2009 | title = Pile driving zone of responsiveness extends beyond 20 km for harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena, (L.)) | journal = J. Acoust. Soc. Am. | volume = 126 | issue = 1| pages = 11–14 | doi=10.1121/1.3132523| pmid = 19603857 | bibcode = 2009ASAJ..126...11T }}</ref> Noise levels from operating wind turbines are low and unlikely to affect porpoises, even at close range.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Madsen | first1 = P. T. | last2 = Wahlberg | first2 = M. | last3 = Tougaard | first3 = J. | last4 = Lucke | first4 = K. | last5 = Tyack | first5 = P. L. | year = 2006 | title = Wind turbine underwater noise and marine mammals: Implications of current knowledge and data needs | journal = Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. | volume = 309 | pages = 279–295 | doi=10.3354/meps309279| bibcode = 2006MEPS..309..279M | doi-access = free | hdl = 10023/3847 | hdl-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Tougaard | first1 = J. | last2 = Henriksen | first2 = O. D. | last3 = Miller | first3 = L. A. | year = 2009 | title = Underwater noise from three offshore wind turbines: estimation of impact zones for harbor porpoises and harbor seals | journal = J. Acoust. Soc. Am. | volume = 125 | issue = 6| pages = 3766–3773 | doi=10.1121/1.3117444| pmid = 19507958 }}</ref>

[[Category:Habitats Directive Speciesspecies]]