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{{distinguish|Natchitoches, Louisiana}}
{{redirect|Nacogdoches|other uses}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nacogdoches, Texas
| settlement_type = [[City (Texas)|City]]
| nickname = "The Oldest Town in Texas"
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| government_type = [[Council-manager government|Council-Manager]]
| leader_title = [[City Council]]
| leader_name = [[Mayor]]
| leader_title1 = [[City manager]]
| leader_name1 =
| established_title1 = Incorporated (as a town)
| established_title2 = Incorporated (as a city)
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| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 1363573<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1363573}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://
| footnotes =
}}
'''Nacogdoches''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|æ|k|ə|ˈ|d|oʊ|tʃ|ᵻ|s}} {{respell|NAK|ə|DOH|chis}})
==History==
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===Early years===
The name, Nacogdoches, originates from the [[Caddo language|Caddo]]-speaking [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribe Nakúʔkidáawtsiʔ,<ref>Edmonds, Randlett. Nusht'uhtitiʔ Hasinay: Caddo Phrasebook. Richardson, TX: Various Indian Peoples Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-884655-00-9.</ref> and the area remained a Caddo Indian settlement until the early 19th century. In 1716, Spain established a [[Christian mission|mission]] there, [[Spanish missions in Texas#Misión Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe|Misión Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe]]
[[File:Old Stone Fort, Nacogdoches, Texas.jpg|thumb|[[Old Stone Fort Museum (Texas)|Old Stone Fort Museum]], Nacogdoches, Texas]]
Colonel [[Antonio Gil Y'Barbo]], a
===1800s===
The city has been under more flags than the state of Texas, claiming nine flags. In addition to the [[six flags over Texas|Six Flags]] of Texas, it also flew under the flags of the [[Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition|Magee-Gutierrez Republic]], the [[Long Republic]], and the [[Fredonian Rebellion]]. People from the United States began moving to settle in Nacogdoches in 1820, and Texas's first English-language newspaper was published there.<ref>''The Cambridge Gazetteer of the United States and Canada''. p. 430</ref>
However, the first newspaper published (in the 1700s) was in Spanish. An edition of the newspaper (in Spanish) is preserved and shown at the local museum.
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[[File:NacDepot1.JPG|right|thumb|The recently renovated historic Nacogdoches train depot]]
[[Thomas Jefferson Rusk]] was one of the most prominent early Nacogdoches Anglo settlers. A veteran of the Texas Revolution, hero of [[battle of San Jacinto|San Jacinto]], he signed the [[Texas Declaration of Independence]] and was secretary of war during the [[Republic of Texas]]. He was president of the Texas Statehood Commission and served as one of the first two Texas U.S. Senators along with Sam Houston. He worked to establish Nacogdoches University, which operated from 1845 to 1895.<ref name="NacUni">{{cite web |
[[Sam Houston]] lived in Nacogdoches for four years prior to the Texas Revolution (1836) and opened a law office downtown. He courted Anna Raguet, daughter of one of the leading citizens, but Anna rejected him after finding that he was not divorced from his first wife [[Eliza Allen (Tennessee)|Eliza Allen]] of Tennessee.
William Goins (Goyens, Goings, Going), the son of a white mother and [[Multiracial|black]] father, operated a local inn, trucking service, and blacksmith works and maintained a plantation outside Nacogdoches on Goins Hill. He was married to a white woman and owned slaves.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Blake |first=R. B.
[[File:Nacogdoches August 2017 31 (Sterne-Hoya House Museum and Library).jpg|right|thumb|[[Sterne–Hoya House Museum and Library|Sterne–Hoya House]] of [[Adolphus Sterne]], the first mayor of Nacogdoches, now a museum and library]]
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*Typically, the warmest month is August.
*The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|112|°F|1
*The typical coolest month is January.
*The lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|-3|°F|1
*The most precipitation usually occurs in May.
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|Mar record high F = 90
|Apr record high F = 94
|May record high F =
|Jun record high F = 108
|Jul record high F =
|Aug record high F =
|Sep record high F = 112
|Oct record high F = 98
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|Dec record high F = 90
|year record high F = 112
|Jan avg record high F = 76.3
|Feb avg record high F = 79.1
|Mar avg record high F = 84.2
|Apr avg record high F = 87.7
|May avg record high F = 92.3
|Jun avg record high F = 96.6
|Jul avg record high F = 100.5
|Aug avg record high F = 101.6
|Sep avg record high F = 97.4
|Oct avg record high F = 92.1
|Nov avg record high F = 83.6
|Dec avg record high F = 77.7
|year avg record high F = 102.7
|Jan high F = 57.7
|Feb high F = 62.3
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|Dec low F = 37.5
|year low F = 55.1
|Jan avg record low F = 21.6
|Feb avg record low F = 25.3
|Mar avg record low F = 28.7
|Apr avg record low F = 37.2
|May avg record low F = 48.3
|Jun avg record low F = 62.5
|Jul avg record low F = 67.8
|Aug avg record low F = 66.1
|Sep avg record low F = 53.8
|Oct avg record low F = 38.6
|Nov avg record low F = 28.1
|Dec avg record low F = 23.6
|year avg record low F = 19.6
|Jan record low F = 5
|Feb record low F = -3
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|Dec precipitation days = 10.6
|year precipitation days = 105.5
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.0
|Feb snow days = 0.0
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.0
|year snow days = 0.0
|source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref name= nws>
{{cite web
| url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=shv
| title = NowData
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = August 21, 2021}}</ref><ref name=NCEI>
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| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00416177&format=pdf
| title = Station: Nacogdoches, TX
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = August 21, 2021}}</ref>
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[[File:Commercial Bank of Texas in Nacogdoches IMG_3982.JPG|thumb|Commercial Bank of Texas on North Street in downtown Nacogdoches]]
The economy of Nacogdoches is heavily dependent on Stephen F. Austin State University. Like many college towns in the United States, Nacogdoches businesses heavily depend on university students as customers and regularly employ them.<ref>{{cite web |author=Washington |first=Francesca |date=August 23, 2013 |title=Nacogdoches businesses excited SFA students are back |url=http://www.ktre.com/story/23242804/nacogdoches-business-excited-sfa-students-are-back
According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref name="cafr">{{cite web
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Nacogdoches is represented in the [[Texas Senate]] by Republican [[Robert Nichols (Texas politician)|Robert Nichols]], District 3, and in the [[Texas House of Representatives]] by Republican [[Travis Clardy]], District 11.
The [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] operates the Nacogdoches District Parole Office in Nacogdoches.<ref>
===Federal government===
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* [[Thomas Walkup]], basketball player
* [[Grayson Rodriguez]], baseball player
* [[Brandon Jones (safety)]], football player
* [[Jaxon Smith-Njigba]], football player for the [[Seattle Seahawks]]
===Entertainers===
*[[Tony Frank (actor)|Tony Frank]], actor
*[[Kasey Lansdale]], actress and musician
*[[Bob Luman]], musician
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*[[Ron Raines]], actor
*[[Alana Stewart]], actress, talk show host
== In popular culture ==
In [[Cormac McCarthy]] novel [[Blood Meridian]], Nacogdoches is the location in which the main character of "The Kid" first meets main antagonist [[Judge Holden]].
Nacogdoches is referenced in [[Red Dead Online]] through the Nacogdoches saddle, available to players in the game.
==See also==
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