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{{Infobox rail service
| name = ''Lincoln Service''
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| image = Lincoln Service Outbound from Chicago.jpg
| image_width = 300px
| caption = A ''Lincoln Service'' train passing through [[35th/Archer station]] in McKinley Park, Chicago, July 2023.
| type = [[Higher-speed rail]]
| status = Operating
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| owners = [[CN Railway|CN]], [[Union Pacific Railroad|UP]], [[Norfolk Southern Railway|NS]], [[Canadian Pacific Kansas City|CPKC]], [[Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis|TRRA]]
| routenumber =
| map = {{
|{{maplink-road|from=Lincoln Service.map}}
| map_state = collapsed▼
|Show interactive map
|{{Amtrak Lincoln Service}}
|Show route diagram map
}}
}}
The '''''Lincoln Service''''' is a {{convert|284|mile|adj=on}} [[higher-speed rail]] service operated by [[Amtrak]] that runs between [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]] and [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]. The train is a part of the ''[[Illinois Service]]'' and is partially funded by the [[Illinois Department of Transportation]]. The train uses the same route as the long-distance ''[[Texas Eagle]]'', which continues to {{amtk|San Antonio}} and {{amtk|Los Angeles}}. A connection with the {{amtk|Kansas City}}-bound ''[[Missouri River Runner]]'' is available in St. Louis.
{{As of|2023|June}}, the average trip time between Chicago and St. Louis was 4 hours 59 minutes.
During [[fiscal year]]
==History==
Prior to the ''Lincoln Service'', Amtrak had operated the daily ''[[State House (train)|State House]]'' train between Chicago and St. Louis since 1973. Originally intended to connect Chicago and [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]], Amtrak extended the ''State House'' south to St. Louis at its own expense because [[Springfield station (Illinois)|Springfield station]] was not designed to turn equipment. The train used a route previously owned by the [[Alton Railroad]], which had merged with the [[Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad]] (GM&O) in 1947. The GM&O merged with the [[Illinois Central Railroad]] in 1972, a year after Amtrak took over passenger train service.
On October 30, 2006, Amtrak rebranded the ''State House'' as the ''Lincoln Service'' upon the addition of two new round trips, made possible by upgrades to the line. This resulted in a total of five daily round trips on the Chicago-St. Louis corridor, including the ''[[Texas Eagle]]'' and ''[[Ann Rutledge (train)|Ann Rutledge]]'', which terminated beyond St. Louis.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Copy/News_Release_Popup&;c=am2Copy&cid=1093554067341|title=Governor Blagojevich Announces Amtrak Lincoln Service to Start Running October 30th|publisher=Amtrak|date=October 14, 2006|access-date=December 8, 2021|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311135742/http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak%2Fam2Copy%2FNews_Release_Popup&%3Bc=am2Copy&cid=1093554067341}}</ref> Beginning in April 2007, the ''Ann Rutledge'' operated only between Kansas City and St. Louis, where it connected once daily to the Lincoln Service.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} The ''Ann Rutledge'' was folded into the ''[[Missouri River Runner]]'' in 2009, though one ''Lincoln Service'' round trip continued to connect with the ''Missouri River Runner.'' On May 23, 2022, Amtrak began [[through service|through-routing]] one round trip of the ''Missouri River Runner'' and ''Lincoln Service'', creating a second one-seat service between Kansas City and Chicago (additional to the ''[[Southwest Chief]]'', which takes a more direct route.)<ref name="rp-timetable">{{cite web |title=AMTRAK'S LINCOLN SERVICE & MISSOURI RIVER RUNNER |url=https://www.railpassengers.org/site/assets/files/20928/illinois-missouri-services.pdf |website=www.railpassengers.org/ |access-date=August 31
===Track upgrades===
In July 2010, the state of Illinois and the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] reached an agreement under which track speeds between [[Dwight, Illinois|Dwight]] and [[Alton, Illinois|Alton]], Illinois were to be raised to as high as {{convert|110|mph|km/h|0}}.<ref>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2010|title=Union Pacific, Illinois strike agreement on fast trains|url=http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=7120&r=rss|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914170050/http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=7120&r=rss|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 14, 2012|access-date=December 8, 2021|publisher=Trains Magazine
On March 22, 2011, an announcement was made in Chicago that an additional $685 million would be used to upgrade trackage and grade crossings between Dwight and Lincoln. Construction on the improvement project began on April 5, 2011.<ref name="Bloomington Pantagraph">{{cite web|url=http://www.pantagraph.com/news/state-and-regional/illinois/article_0f8ed1c6-54d9-11e0-9df0-001cc4c002e0.html |title=Second phase of high-speed rail expected to begin April 5 |access-date=March 24, 2011 |date=March 22, 2011 |publisher=Bloomington Pantagraph |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224101335/http://www.pantagraph.com/news/state-and-regional/illinois/article_0f8ed1c6-54d9-11e0-9df0-001cc4c002e0.html |archive-date=December 24, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Upgrades included rebuilding the [[passing siding]]s so that the [[track spacing]] between the main track is increased from {{cvt|14|ft}} to {{cvt|20|ft}}.<ref name="Trains201702">{{cite magazine |issn=0041-0934 |magazine=[[Trains magazine]] |title=Choppy path to more speed: Work on Chicago-St. Louis 'Lincoln Service' route shows successes, challenges |id={{Gale|A474547827}} |first=Bob |last=Johnston |publication-date=February 2017 |volume=77 |number=2 |page=24}}</ref>
Although much of track upgrade work was completed between 2010 and 2012, there are additional constructions including second trackage, bridge replacement and rehabilitation, drainage improvements, and [[Four-quadrant gate|grade crossings]] and signal improvements before the full {{convert|110|mph|adj=on|0}} service can be fully operated on this route. After all required improvements on the first {{convert|15|mi|adj=on|0}} segment between Dwight and [[Pontiac, Illinois]] were completed, Amtrak started the [[higher-speed rail]] service with top speeds of {{convert|110|mph|0}} on that segment in November 2012, with the entire section between Alton and Joliet expected to have {{convert|110|mph|adj=on|0}} operation by 2017.<ref name="110mph">{{cite news|date=November 23, 2012|title=110 mph train service starts on part of Chicago-St. Louis route|newspaper=Crain's Chicago Business|agency=Associated Press|url=http://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20121123/NEWS10/121129929/110-mph-train-service-starts-on-part-of-chicago-st-louis-route|url-access=subscription|access-date=December 8, 2021}}</ref><ref name="construction">{{cite web|title=Construction Location|url=http://www.idothsr.org/2010_const/location.aspx|access-date=December 8, 2021|website=Illinois High Speed Rail|publisher=Illinois Department of Transportation}}</ref>
Starting on July 7, 2021, ''Lincoln Service'' and ''Texas Eagle'' trains were allowed a top speed of {{convert|90|mph}} after Federal Railroad Administration dual certification of the [[Incremental Train Control System]] and Interoperable Electronic Train Management System between south of [[Joliet Union Station]] and Alton, Illinois.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maximum speeds increase to 90 mph on Amtrak's Chicago-St. Louis corridor|url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/maximum-speeds-increase-to-90-mph-on-amtraks-chicago-st-louis-corridor/|access-date=
The slowest portion of the corridor is the segment between Chicago and Joliet, but improving this would require an additional $1.5 billion investment.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hilkevitch|first=Jon|date=February 24, 2014|title=Improving portion of high-speed rail corridor could cost $1.5 billion|work=Chicago Tribune|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-02-24/news/chi-high-speed-rail-chicago-joliet-st-louis-20140224_1_rail-corridor-amtrak-service-amtrak-trains|url-status=dead|access-date=December 8, 2021|archive-date=February 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215010003/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-02-24/news/chi-high-speed-rail-chicago-joliet-st-louis-20140224_1_rail-corridor-amtrak-service-amtrak-trains}}</ref> Two projects proposed from the [[Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency Program]] (CREATE) would remove two [[diamond crossing]]s and construct an [[overpass]] to increase train speed and eliminate delays. One project is in the preliminary design phase while the proposed flyover at [[Brighton Park crossing]] is unfunded.<ref>{{cite web|date=November 2015|title=P5 Brighton Park Flyover|url=http://www.createprogram.org/factsheets/P5.pdf|url-status=dead|access-date=December 8, 2021|publisher=CREATE|archive-date=January 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118003019/http://www.createprogram.org/factsheets/P5.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=September 2016|title=P6 CP Canal Flyover|url=http://www.createprogram.org/factsheets/P6.pdf|url-status=dead|access-date=December 8, 2021|archive-date=January 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118003533/http://www.createprogram.org/factsheets/P6.pdf}}</ref> {{As of|2022}}, an alternative solution rerouting trains via the [[Rock Island District]], which bypasses these diamond crossings and has relatively few freight trains, is being considered. This option would reduce delays and allow higher speeds between Joliet and Chicago.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hsrail.org/chicago-hub-improvement-project|title=A New Approach to Chicago|access-date=
==Operation==
Line 86 ⟶ 91:
!Connections
|-
|rowspan=10|[[Illinois|IL]]||[[Chicago]]||[[Chicago Union Station|Chicago<br/>Union Station]]||{{rint|us|amtrak}} [[Amtrak]] (long-distance): ''[[California Zephyr]]'', ''[[Capitol Limited]]'', {{lnl|Amtrak|Cardinal}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|City of New Orleans}}, ''[[Empire Builder]]'', ''[[Lake Shore Limited]]'', ''[[Southwest Chief]]'', ''[[Texas Eagle]]''<br>{{rint|us|Amtrak}} Amtrak (intercity): {{lnl|Amtrak|Blue Water}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Borealis}}, ''[[Hiawatha Service|Hiawatha]]'', {{lnl|Amtrak|Illini and Saluki}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Illinois Zephyr and Carl Sandburg}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Pere Marquette}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Wolverine}}<br/>{{rint|chicago|metra}} [[Metra]]: {{rcb|Metra|bnsf|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Metra|mdn|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Metra|mdw|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Metra|nc|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Metra|hc|inline=square}}, {{rcb|Metra|sw|inline=square}}<br>{{rint|chicago|l}} [[Chicago "L"]]: {{rcb|CTA|Blue|inline=route}} <small>(at {{cta|Clinton|Blue}})</small>, {{rcb|CTA|Brown|inline=route}} {{rcb|CTA|Orange|inline=route}} {{rcb|CTA|Pink|inline=route}} {{rcb|CTA|Purple|inline=route}} <small>(at {{cta|Quincy}})</small><br>{{rint|bus|1}} [[List of Chicago Transit Authority bus routes|CTA Bus]]: 1, 7, J14, 19, 28, 56, 60, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 151, 156, 157, 192<br>{{rint|bus|1}} [[Pace (transit)|Pace Bus]]: 755 Plainfield–IMD–West Loop Express<br/>{{rint|us|amtrakbus}} [[Amtrak Thruway
|-*()
|[[Summit, Illinois|Summit]]||{{stl|Amtrak|Summit}}||{{rint|chicago|metra}} Metra: {{rcb|Metra|hc|inline=square}}<br>{{rint|bus|1}} Pace Bus: 330
Line 106 ⟶ 111:
|[[Alton, Illinois|Alton]]||{{stl|Amtrak|Alton}}||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: {{lnl|Amtrak|Texas Eagle}}<br>{{rint|bus|1}} [[Madison County Transit]]: Route 11
|-
||[[Missouri|MO]]||[[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]]||[[Gateway Transportation Center|Gateway<br/>Transportation<br/>Center]]||{{rint|us|amtrak}} Amtrak: {{lnl|Amtrak|Missouri River Runner}}, {{lnl|Amtrak|Texas Eagle}}<br>{{rint|stlouis}} [[MetroLink (St. Louis)|MetroLink]]: {{rcb|MetroLink (St. Louis)|Red|inline=route}} {{rcb|MetroLink (St. Louis)|Blue|inline=route}} <small>(at {{stl|MetroLink (St. Louis)|Civic Center}})</small><br>{{rint|bus|1}} [[MetroBus (St. Louis)|MetroBus]]: 4, 8, 10, 11, 32, 74, 80, 94, 99, 36X, 40X, 58X, 410X, 174X<br>{{rint|bus|1}} [[Madison County Transit]]: 1X, 3X, 12X, 14X, 16X, 18X <br> {{rint|us|greyhound}} [[Greyhound Lines]], {{rint|bus}} [[Burlington Trailways]], {{rint|us|megabus}} [[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]], {{rint|us|amtrakbus}} [[Amtrak Thruway
|}
Line 166 ⟶ 171:
|476,180
|{{Increase}} 82.3%
|-
!2023<ref name=":0" />
|523,304
|{{Increase}} 9.90%
|}
|