Wikipedia

Solingen: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m →‎Notable people: fixed per regional formatting consistency
→‎Rail: Removed out of date information about line S7, removed duplicate entry of S7 into table, added information related to RE47.
(48 intermediate revisions by 31 users not shown)
Line 1:
{{distinguish|text=[[Söllingen]] in Lower Saxony}}
{{Infobox German locationplace
|type = City
|image_photo = Solingen_Innenstadt_001.JPG
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Solingen-Mitte
|image_flag = Flagge Solingen.svg
|image_coa = Solingen wappen.svg
|coordinates = {{coord|51|10|0|N|07|05|0|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan =
|plantext =
|state = North Rhine-Westphalia
|region = Düsseldorf
|district = urban
|elevation = 53-276
|area = 89.45
|area_metro =
|pop_metro =
|postal_code = 42601-42719
|area_code = 0212
|licence = SG
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 05122000
|divisions =
|website = [https://www.solingen.de/ www.solingen.de]
|mayor = Tim Kurzbach<ref>[https://www.wahlergebnisse.nrw/kommunalwahlen/2020/index_obb_lr.shtml#ob_lr Wahlergebnisse in NRW Kommunalwahlen 2020], Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, accessed 19 June 2021.</ref>
|leader_term = 2020–25
|Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister
|party = SPD
|ruling_party1 =
|ruling_party2 =
|ruling_party3 =
|year =
|_noautocat =
}}
 
'''Solingen''' ({{IPA-de|ˈzoːlɪŋən|-|De-Solingen.ogg}}; {{lang-li|Solich}}) is a city in [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Germany. It is located some 25&nbsp;km east of Düsseldorf along the northern edge of the region called [[Bergisches Land]], south of the [[Ruhr]] area, and, with a 2009 population<ref name="Bevölkerungsstand">{{cite web|url=http://www.it.nrw.de/statistik/a/daten/amtlichebevoelkerungszahlen/rp7_juni09.html|title=Bevölkerung im Regierungsbezirk Detmold|publisher=Landesbetrieb Information und Technik NRW|access-date=22 April 2010|language=de|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325160152/http://www.it.nrw.de/statistik/a/daten/amtlichebevoelkerungszahlen/rp7_juni09.html|archive-date=25 March 2010}}</ref> of 161,366, is after [[Wuppertal]] the second -largest city in the Bergisches Land. It is a member of the regional authority of the [[Rhineland]].
 
Solingen is called the "City of Blades", since it has long been renowned for the manufacturing of fine swords, knives, scissors and razors made by famous firms such as [[WKC Stahl- und Metallwarenfabrik|WKC]], [[DOVO Solingen|DOVO]], [[Wüsthof]], [[J. A. Henckels|Zwilling J. A. Henckels]], [[Böker]], Güde, Hubertus, Diefenthal, Puma, Clauberg/Klauberg, Eickhorn, Linder, Carl Schmidt Sohn, Dreiturm, Herder, Martor Safety Knives, Wolfertz and numerous other manufacturers.
 
In medieval times, the [[swordsmith]]s of Solingen designed the town's [[coat of arms]], which continues to the present. In the latter part of the 17th century, a group of swordsmiths from Solingen broke their guild oaths by taking their sword-making secrets with them to [[Shotley Bridge]], [[County Durham]] in England.
Line 89 ⟶ 91:
 
===Modern Age===
====Interwar period====
[[File:SOL001.JPG|thumb|150px|Coins issued in 1919 by the City of Solingen]]
[[File:Stadt Solingen 1922.jpg|thumb|150px|Bond of the City of Solingen, issued 1 July 1922]]
In 1929, Ohligs locatedEarly in the [[Prussia]]n20th [[Rhine Province]]century, {{convert|17|mi|km}} by rail north of [[Cologne]] became part of Solingen. ItsOhligs's chief manufactures were [[cutlery]] and [[household hardware|hardware]], and there were iron-foundries and [[flour mill]]s. Other industries were brewing, dyeing, weaving and brick-making.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Ohligs|volume=20|page=34}}</ref>
In 1929, Ohligs located in the [[Prussia]]n [[Rhine Province]], {{convert|17|mi|km}} by rail north of [[Cologne]] became part of Solingen.
 
In [[World War II]], the Old Town was completely destroyed by a [[Strategic bombing during World War II|bombing raid]] by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] in 1944; 1,800 people died and over 1,500 people were injured.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://solinger-bote.de/nachrichten/2014/11/05/solingen-gedenken-an-solinger-bombenopfer-vor-70-jahren/] {{dead|title=Solingen: Gedenken an Solinger-Bombenopfer vor 70 Jahren &#124; link|access-date=December2014-11-06 |archive-date=2014-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106165734/http://solinger-bote.de/nachrichten/2014/11/05/solingen-gedenken-an-solinger-bombenopfer-vor-70-jahren/ |url-status=dead 2021}}</ref> As such, there are few pre-war sites in the centre.▼
====World War II====
▲In [[World War II]], the Old Town was completely destroyed by a [[Strategic bombing during World War II|bombing raid]] by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] in 1944; 1,800 people died and over 1,500 people were injured.<ref>[http://solinger-bote.de/nachrichten/2014/11/05/solingen-gedenken-an-solinger-bombenopfer-vor-70-jahren/] {{dead link|date=December 2021}}</ref> As such, there are few pre-war sites in the centre.
 
From 1945 to 1949 Solingen was part of the British occupation zone. Reconstruction of the old town began in 1949. The newly built Protestant church in Fronhof was consecrated in 1954, and the destroyed towers of the Catholic church of St. Clemens were rebuilt in a different style. By the end of the 1970s, the city's population had increased due to numerous new housing developments in all parts of the city. The city's infrastructure continued to grow, with the opening of the theatre and concert hall in 1963 and the construction of the Viehbachtalstraße motorway through the city in the late 1970s. In 1975, the city grew again with the incorporation of the previously independent town of Burg an der Wupper. In 1993, Solingen made international headlines for a [[1993 Solingen arson attack|right-wing extremist arson attack]] in which five Turkish girls and women were killed. The attack was followed by demonstrations and riots in the city.
====Skinhead terrorism====
 
In 1993 Solingen, the birthplace of [[Adolf Eichmann]] became once again the scene of racist violence with its [[1993 Solingen arson attack]], when four skinheads, with neo-Nazi ties, set fire to the house of a large Turkish family. Three girls and two women died; fourteen other family members, including several children, were injured, some of them severely.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives|title=Archives|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=12 December 2021}}</ref>
Since the beginning of the new millennium, the ''Klingenstadt'' has undergone a massive transformation as a result of urban development projects such as Regionale 2006 and City 2013. For example, the new Korkenzieherstrasse cycle path was created and the demolition of the Turmhotel and the former Karstadt Passage made it possible to build a new shopping centre on Neumarkt in Solingen-Mitte. After the closure of the old central station in Solingen-Mitte, Ohligs station was officially named the new Solingen central station by [[Deutsche Bahn AG]] on 10 December 2006.
 
==Population==
Line 218 ⟶ 220:
|+Largest groups of foreign residents
|-
! Nationality || Population (31.12.20172022)
|-
|{{flag|Italy}} || 56,960130
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}} || 5,925945
|-
|{{flag|Syria}} || 1,854
|-
|{{flag|Poland}} || 1,660
|-
|{{flag|SyriaUkraine}} || 1,545573
|-
|{{flag|Greece}} || 1,370
|-
|{{flag|Bulgaria}} || 1,227
|-
|{{flag|Morocco}} || 1,093
|-
|{{flag|Romania}} || 971
|-
|{{flag|Serbia}} || 945
|}
 
==Politics==
===Mayor===
The people of Solingen have been able to elect a council and a mayor since 1374, the year the town was granted its charter. The mayor changed annually on 24 June. Solingen has had a mayor since 1896. During the National Socialist era (1933-1945), the mayor was appointed by the [[NSDAP]] and not democratically elected by the people of Solingen.
 
After the Second World War, the military government of the British occupation zone appointed a [[Lord Mayor]]. From 1946, the Solingen City Council elected an honorary Lord Mayor and a full-time Lord Mayor from among its members. Until 1997, the honorary lord mayors had mainly representative functions, while the full-time lord mayors were the chief administrative officers of the city of Solingen. In 1997, the dual leadership of the city administration was abolished. Since then there has been only one full-time Lord Mayor. He is the chairman of the council, the head of the city administration and the first representative of the city. Since 1999, the Lord Mayor has been directly elected by the electorate in a secret ballot.
 
The current Mayor of Solingen is Tim Kurzbach of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] (SPD), elected in 2015 and re-elected in 2020. The most recent mayoral election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows:
 
Line 242 ⟶ 257:
! %
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| align=left| Tim Kurzbach
| align=left| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]]
Line 248 ⟶ 263:
| 55.4
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Christian Democratic Union of Germany}}|
| align=left| Carsten Heinrich Becker
| align=left| [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]]
Line 254 ⟶ 269:
| 27.4
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Free Democratic Party (Germany)}}|
| align=left| Raoul Torben Brattig
| align=left| [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]]
Line 260 ⟶ 275:
| 5.0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Alternative for Germany}}|
| align=left| Andreas Lukisch
| align=left| [[Alternative for Germany]]
Line 266 ⟶ 281:
| 4.3
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|The Left (Germany)}}|
| align=left| Adrian Scheffels
| align=left| [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]]
Line 305 ⟶ 320:
 
===City council===
[[File:2020 Solingen City Council election.svg|thumb|350px|Results of the 2020 city council election]]
The Solingen city council governs the city alongside the Mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows:
 
Line 311 ⟶ 327:
! Votes
! %
! +/-−
! Seats
! +/-−
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Christian Democratic Union of Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] (CDU)
| 17,326
Line 323 ⟶ 339:
| {{decrease}} 1
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] (SPD)
| 16,229
Line 331 ⟶ 347:
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Alliance 90/The Greens}}|
| align=left| [[Alliance 90/The Greens]] (Grüne)
| 10,428
Line 339 ⟶ 355:
| {{increase}} 3
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Free Democratic Party (Germany)}}|
| align=left| [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]] (FDP)
| 3,178
Line 347 ⟶ 363:
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Alternative for Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Alternative for Germany]] (AfD)
| 2,892
Line 355 ⟶ 371:
| {{increase}} 1
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|The Left (Germany)}}|
| align=left| [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]] (Die Linke)
| 2,435
Line 371 ⟶ 387:
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Die PARTEI}}|
| align=left| [[Die PARTEI]] (PARTEI)
| 1,367
Line 393 ⟶ 409:
| 531
| 0.9
| {{decrease}} 0.5
| New
| 0
| {{decrease}} 1
| New
|-
|
Line 401 ⟶ 417:
| 417
| 0.7
| {{decrease}} 0.7
| New
| 0
| {{decrease}} 1
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color cell|Independent politician}}|
| align=left| Independents
| 34
Line 416 ⟶ 432:
! 57,314
! 98.8
!
!
!
|-
! colspan=2| Invalid votes
! 695
! 1.2
!
!
!
|-
! colspan=2| Total
! 58,009
! 100.0
!
! 52
! ±0
Line 438 ⟶ 454:
! 45.9
! {{increase}} 2.2
!
!
|-
| colspan=7| Source: [https://www.wahlergebnisse.nrw/kommunalwahlen/2020/aktuell/a122000kw2000.shtml State Returning Officer]
Line 446 ⟶ 462:
==Transport==
===Rail===
[[Solingen Hauptbahnhof]] is served by [[Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn]] [[S1 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|line S1]] from [[Düsseldorf]] and [[Düsseldorf Airport]] Station. S-Bahn [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|line S7]] links Solingen (including the station nearest the city centre, [[Solingen Mitte station|Solingen Mitte]], and [[Solingen Grünewald station|Solingen-Grünewald]]) to [[Wuppertal Hauptbahnhof|Wuppertal]] via [[Remscheid Hauptbahnhof|Remscheid]], [[Remscheid-Lennep station|Remscheid-Lennep]] and [[Wuppertal-Ronsdorf station|Wuppertal-Ronsdorf]]. This line hasis beencurrently operated by RheinRuhrBahn, a subsidiary of [[AbellioTransdev DeutschlandGermany]] since 15 Dec. 2013. The [[Rhein-Wupper-Bahn]] (RB 48) runs over the [[Gruiten–Köln-Deutz railway|Gruiten–Köln-Deutz line]] to Bonn-Mehlem via [[Opladen station|Opladen]] and [[Köln Hauptbahnhof|Cologne]]. It has been operated by [[National Express Germany|National Express]] as of 13 Dec.December 2015. Starting 11 December 2022, an additional line RE47, running from [[Remscheid-Lennep station|Remscheid]] to [[Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof|Düsseldorf]] via [[Solingen Hauptbahnhof|Solingen]] has been established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fahrplanjahr 2023: Neue Linien RE 47 und RE 34 stärken Regionalverkehr |url=https://www.vrr.de/de/magazin/fahrplanjahr-2023-neue-linien-re-47-und-re-34-staerken-regionalverkehr/ |website=vrr.de |access-date=5 July 2024}}</ref> This line is served by [[Regiobahn GmbH|Regiobahn]].
 
{|class=wikitable
Line 476 ⟶ 492:
|[[Krefeld Hauptbahnhof|Krefeld]] – Cologne – '''Solingen''' – Wuppertal – [[Hagen Hauptbahnhof|Hagen]] – [[Hamm station|Hamm]] – [[Münster Hauptbahnhof|Münster]] – [[Rheine]] (''RegionalExpress'')
|-
||[[File:Abellio logoRegiobahn.svg|50px]] [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]RE47
|[[Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof|Düsseldorf]] - ''S-Bahn'Solingen''' to- Wuppertal[[Remscheid Hauptbahnhof|Remscheid]] via- [[Remscheid-Lennep station|Remscheid Lennep]]
|-
||[[File:National Express Logo.svg|100px]] [[Rhein-Wupper-Bahn|RB48]]
|Wuppertal-Oberbarmen – '''Solingen''' – Cologne – [[Bonn Hauptbahnhof|Bonn-Mehlem]] (''RegionalBahn'')
|-
||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S1 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S1]]
|''S-Bahn'' to [[Dortmund Hauptbahnhof|Dortmund]]
|-
||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]
|''S-Bahn'' to Wuppertal via [[Remscheid Hauptbahnhof|Remscheid]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Solingen Mitte station|Solingen Mitte]]
||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Nearest station to historic centre.<br />Interchange with trolleybus lines 681, 683, 684, 686.
|-
|[[File:Regiobahn.svg|50px]] RE47
|[[Solingen Grünewald station|Solingen Grünewald]]▼
|-
||{{S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]▼
▲| rowspan="2" |[[Solingen Grünewald station|Solingen Grünewald]]
| colspan=2 |Interchange with trolleybus line 682.▼
▲||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]
▲| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Interchange with trolleybus line 682.
|-
|[[File:Regiobahn.svg|50px]] RE47
|-
|[[Solingen Vogelpark station|Solingen Vogelpark]]
||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} S1
| colspan=2 |
|-
|[[Solingen-Schaberg station|Solingen Schaberg]]
||{{ric|Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn-NRW|S}} [[S7 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)|S7]]
| colspan=2 |
|-
|}
 
 
===Trolleybus===
Line 511 ⟶ 532:
 
===Air transport===
The nearest airports are [[Düsseldorf Airport]] and [[Cologne Bonn Airport]]. Both airports can be reached by train from Solingen-Hauptbahnhof (change trains at [[Köln Messe/Deutz station]] for the S-Bahn 13 to Cologne Bonn Airport). Other easily reached airports are [[Frankfurt Airport]] ([[Frankfurt Airport long-distance station|ICE train stop]]), [[Dortmund Airport]] (railway station "[[Holzwickede station|Holzwickede]]" on the RE7 trainline) and the low cost [[Weeze Airport]] (coaches from Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof).
Other easily reached airports are [[Frankfurt Airport]] ([[Frankfurt Airport long-distance station|ICE train stop]]), [[Dortmund Airport]] (railway station "[[Holzwickede station|Holzwickede]]" on the RE7 trainline) and the low cost [[Weeze Airport]] (coaches from Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof).
 
==Religion==
Line 525 ⟶ 545:
 
===Gallery===
<gallery widths="180">
Solingen St. Clemens.jpg|Catholic Church St. Clemens
Walder Kirche 1.jpg|Protestant Church Wald
Line 556 ⟶ 576:
* Museum Plagiarius, the Plagiarius exhibition shows more than 350 product units – ''i.e.'', original products and their brazen plagiarisms – in direct comparison. The registered society conducts an annual competition that awards the anti-prize "Plagiarius" to those manufacturers and distributors that a jury of peers have found guilty of making or selling "the most flagrant" imitations.
* [[Laurel and Hardy]] Museum
* [https://plus61j.net.au/plus61j-voices/a-towns-atonement-for-generations-of-hate/ Zentrum für verfolgte Künste] (Center for Persecuted Arts)
 
===Parks and gardens===
Line 567 ⟶ 588:
==Sports==
===American football===
The {{ill|Solingen Paladins|de}} areis an [[American football]] club from Solingen in North Rhine-Westphalia, which was founded in 2006. In the 2020 season, the Paladins will play their third season in GFL2 Nord, the second-highest division in Germany.
 
===Association football===
Until its bankruptcy in 1990, [[SG Union Solingen]] was the main club, playing at the [[Stadion am Hermann-Löns-Weg]].
 
===Baseball===
Line 573 ⟶ 597:
 
===Chess===
The ''Schachgesellschaft Solingen e.V. 1868'' is best known for its chess team, which plays in the [[Chess Bundesliga|Schachbundesliga ([[Chess Bundesliga)]]), the top tier of the German chess league system, and is the most successful club in German chess history, having won a record 12 national titles (1969, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1980, 1980/81, 1986/87, 1987/88, 1996/97 and 2015/16), three national cups (1986, 2006 und 2009) and 2 European cups (1976 and 1990).
 
===Handball===
In [[Team handball|handball]], Solingen's most successful team is ''[[Bergischer HC]]'', playing in the top-tier [[Handball-Bundesliga]] which they were promoted to for the second time in 2013, reaching 15th place in the [[2013–14 Handball-Bundesliga|2013–14 campaign]] and therefore staying in the top flight for a second consecutive season. ''BHC'' originates from a 2006 cooperation between the ''SG Solingen'' and rivals ''LTV Wuppertal'' from the nearby [[Wuppertal|city of the same name]]. The club advertises itself as a representative of the entire [[Bergisches Land]] region. The team plays its home games at both Solingen's ''Klingenhalle'' (2,600 seats) and Wuppertal's ''Uni-Halle'' (3,200 seats).
originates from a 2006 cooperation between the ''SG Solingen'' and rivals ''LTV Wuppertal'' from the nearby [[Wuppertal|city of the same name]]. The club advertises itself as a representative of the entire [[Bergisches Land]] region. The team plays its home games at both Solingen's ''Klingenhalle'' (2,600 seats) and Wuppertal's ''Uni-Halle'' (3,200 seats).
 
==Reception==
Line 593 ⟶ 616:
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Ness Ziona]], Israel (1986)
*{{flagicon|SEN}} [[Thiès]], Senegal (1990)
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Aue, Saxony|Aue]], Germany (1990)
{{div col end}}
 
Line 611 ⟶ 634:
*[[Artur Möller van den Bruck]] (1876–1925), writer
*[[Albert Müller]] (1891–1954), communist and politician
*[[Paul Voss]] (1894–1976), designer
*[[Paul Franken]] (1894–1944), socialist politician, victim of Stalinism
*[[Karl Allmenröder]] (1896–1917), fighter pilot
Line 624 ⟶ 647:
*[[Christel Rupke]] (1919–1998), swimmer
*[[Walter Scheel]] (1919–2016), politician ([[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]]), the 4th [[President of Germany]] (1974–1979)
*[[Bettina Heinen-Ayech]] (1937–2020), painter anand publicist
*[[Klaus Lehnertz]] (b.born 1938), athlete
*[[Adolf Weil (motorcyclist)|Adolf Weil]] (1938–2011), motocross rider
*[[Christoph Wolff]] (b.born 1940), musicologist
*[[Pina Bausch]] (1940–2009), dancer and choreographer
*[[Ulay]] (1943–2020), artist
*[[Wolfgang Schwerk]] (b.born 1955), [[Ultramarathon]] runner
*[[Timotheus Höttges]] (b.born 1962), CEO of Deutsche Telekom
*[[Richard David Precht]] (b.born 1964), philosopher, writer and publicist
*[[Veronica Ferres]] (b.born 1965), actress
*[[Sebastian Thrun]] (b.born 1967), entrepreneur, educator and computer scientist
*[[Jens Weidmann]] (b.born 1968), President of [[Deutsche Bundesbank]]
*[[Mola Adebisi]] (born 1973), TV-presenter
*[[Marco Matias (musician)|Marco Matias]] (born 1975), German-Portuguese singer
Line 652 ⟶ 675:
*[https://www.die-bergischen-drei.de/stadt-solingen.html Travel guide from ''die-bergischen-drei.de''] {{in lang|de}}
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Wikivoyage- inline}}
*{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Ohligs|short=x}}
 
Line 662 ⟶ 685:
[[Category:Solingen| ]]
[[Category:Cities in North Rhine-Westphalia]]
[[Category:Urban districts of North Rhine-Westphalia]]
[[Category:Members of the Hanseatic League]]
[[Category:Düsseldorf (region)]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solingen"