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{{Short description|Sedimentary basin of Canada}}
[[Image:Canada geological map-WCSB.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Outline of the Western
The '''Western
==Conventional oil==
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| date= 2005
| url = http://www.neb-one.gc.ca/energy/EnergyReports/index_e.htm#Oil
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</ref> and recent development has tended toward natural gas and oil sands rather than conventional oil. In the WCSB, conventional oil is of two different types: [[light crude oil]] and [[heavy crude oil]], each with different costs, prices, and development strategies. Conventional light oil is a mature industry with most of the recoverable [[oil reserves]] already produced and [[Hubbert peak|production declining]] by three to four percent per year. Conventional heavy oil is also past its production peak with a future of [[oil depletion|long-term decline]]. Alberta, which contains most of the reserves, expects its light-medium crude oil production to decline by 42% from 2006 to 2016, while it expects heavy crude production to decrease by 35% over the same period. However, it also expects bitumen and [[synthetic crude]] oil from oil sands will considerably more than offset the decline in conventional crude oil and account for 87% of Alberta oil production by 2016.<ref>
{{cite web
| title =
| publisher = Alberta Energy Resources Conservation Board
| date= 2007
| url = http://www.ercb.ca/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_0_308_265_0_43/http%3B/ercbContent/publishedcontent/publish/ercb_home/publications_catalogue/publications_available/serial_publications/st98.aspx
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</ref>
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| date= 2006
| url = http://www.neb-one.gc.ca/energy/EnergyReports/index_e.htm#OilSands
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</ref> By 2007 the Alberta natural bitumen deposits were the source of over one third of the crude oil produced in Canada.<ref name=worldenergy />
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|date=2006
|url=http://www.statcan.ca/english/ads/11-010-XPB/pdf/sep06.pdf
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}}
</ref> This is the main factor limiting growth of oil sands production in the WCSB.
==Natural gas==
[[File:Oil-rig-BC-north.JPG|thumb|200px|right|Drilling rig in the gas
Canada is the third largest producer and second largest exporter of gas in the world, with the vast majority of it coming from the WCSB. The WCSB is estimated to have {{convert|143|Tcuft|km3}} of marketable gas remaining (discovered and undiscovered), which represents about two thirds of Canadian gas reserves. Over half of the gas produced is exported to the United States.
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| date= 2010
| url = http://www.ziffenergy.com/download/papers/cdn_gas_crossroads.pdf
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</ref>
The majority of the large gas pools have been discovered and a significant portion of the discovered reserves has been produced. Production from the basin peaked in 2001 at around {{convert|16|Gcuft|m3}} per day and was predicted in 2003, by the [[National Energy Board]] to be likely to decline from that level.<ref>
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| url = http://www.neb-one.gc.ca/energy/EnergyReports/EMAGasSTDeliverabilityWCSB2003_2005_e.pdf
| archive-url = http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160522155730/http://www.neb-one.gc.ca/energy/EnergyReports/EMAGasSTDeliverabilityWCSB2003_2005_e.pdf
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| archive-date = 2016-05-22
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</ref> The overall decline rate increased from 13 percent per year in 1992 to 23 percent in 2002, which means {{convert|3.8|Gcuft/d|m3/d}} of production must be replaced each year just to keep production constant. With the basin being largely explored and operators finding less gas with each new well, this seems improbable. New gas reserves in the WCSB will likely come from unconventional sources such as [[coalbed methane]] (CBM).<ref>
{{cite web
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|author2=Botterill, A.
| title = Comparing Opportunities in a Mature Basin: Examples from the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
| publisher = Search and Discovery
|date= 2006
| url = http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/documents/2006/06011russum/images/russum.pdf
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</ref>
The number of coalbed methane wells in Alberta more than doubled in 2005, to 7764 by the end of that year, producing nearly {{convert|0.5|Gcuft|m3}} of gas per day. More than 95 percent of the CBM wells were completed in the Upper
Author David J. Hughes in his 2004 book entitled ''North
{{cite journal
| author = Hughes, David J.
| title = North
| publisher = Canadian Gas Potential Committee
|date= 2004-06-21
| url = http://www.canadiangaspotential.com/papers.html
| format = [[PDF]]
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</ref>
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|author2=Smith, G. G.
| title = Coals of Canada : distribution and compositional characteristics
| journal = International
| publisher = Elsevier, Amsterdam
|date= 1991
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| pages = 9–20
| url = http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=5541475
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| doi = 10.1016/0166-5162(91)90013-9
| issn = 0166-5162 }}
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|date= 2005
| url = http://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/388.asp
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</ref>
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| publisher = Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists and Alberta Research Council
|date= 1994
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| isbn = 978-0-920230-53-
== External links ==
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{{Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin|Liard_River=yes|Fort_Nelson=yes|Northwest_Plains=yes|Northeast_Plains=yes|Central_Plains=yes|South AB=yes|Saskatchewan=yes}}
{{Petroleum industry}}
{{Authority control}}
{{
[[Category:Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin| ]]
[[Category:Foreland basins]]
[[Category:Structural basins of Canada]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basins of North America]]
[[Category:Fossil fuels in Canada]]
[[Category:Petroleum industry in Alberta]]
[[Category:Coal mining regions in Canada]]
[[Category:Oil fields of Canada]]
[[Category:Oil fields of Alberta]]
[[Category:Oil-bearing shales in Canada]]
[[Category:Geology of Canada]]
[[Category:Stratigraphy of Canada]]
[[Category:Geology of Western Canada]]
[[Category:Geology of Manitoba]]
[[Category:Geology of Saskatchewan]]
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