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| origin = [[Nashville, Tennessee]], U.S.
| genre = {{flatlist|
*[[Pop music|Pop]]
*[[traditional pop]]
*[[country music|country]]
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*[[vocal jazz]]}}
| occupation = {{csv|Singer|actor|composer}}
| discography = [[Pat Boone discography]]
| years_active = 1954–present
| label = {{flatlist|
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}}
 
'''Patrick Charles Eugene Boone'''<ref>{{cite book |title=Current Biography Yearbook |year=1959 |publisher=The H.W. Wilson Company |location=New York City}}</ref> (born June 1, 1934) is an American singer, actor, television personality and composer. HeDuring was[[Pat aBoone successfuldiscography|his poprecording singercareer]], he sold nearly 50 million records, had 38 Top 40 hits, and he also appeared in various [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] duringfilms.<ref>{{Cite theweb 1950s|date=2024-03-28 and|title=Pat earlyBoone 1960s.{{!}} HeBiography, soldSongs, more& thanFacts 45{{!}} millionBritannica records,|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pat-Boone had|access-date=2024-04-18 38|website=www.britannica.com Top|language=en}}</ref><ref 40name=":0">{{Cite hitsweb |title=Boone, andPat, appearedBorn in1934 more{{!}} thanDiscover 12Our HollywoodArchives films|url=https://archives.shef.ac.uk/agents/people/352 |access-date=2024-04-18 |website=archives.shef.ac.uk}}</ref>
 
According to ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', Boone was the second-biggest-chartingonly artistsinger ofthat thecould latecompete 1950s,in behindpopularity onlywith [[Elvis Presley]], andduring wasthe ranked1950s.<ref>{{Cite atweb|url=https://www.jango.com/music/Pat+Boone/_full_bio|title=Pat NoBoone Bio|website=Jango.com}}</ref> 9''Billboard'' inhas itsranked listingPat as one of the Topbiggest 100charting Topartists 40in the Artistsperiod 1955–1995.<ref>{{cite book|title=Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, The|year=1996|page=806|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|author=Joel Whitburn|author-link=Joel Whitburn}}</ref> Until the 2010s, Boone held the ''Billboard'' record for spending 220 consecutive weeks on the [[Billboard charts]] with one or more songs each week.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-06 |title=Pat Boone {{!}} Biography, Songs, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pat-Boone |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
 
AtDuring the 1950s and the 1960s Boone was one of the most popular entertainers in the [[United States]],<ref name=":0" /> becoming a [[teen idol]] as a valid alternative to the [[hedonism]] of rock and roll, thanks to his activities as singer, writer, actor and religious motivational speaker.<ref name=":1" /> In 1957, the age of 23, Boone began hosting a half-hour [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] variety television series, ''The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom'', which aired for 115 episodes (1957–1960). Many musical performers including [[Edie Adams]], [[Andy Williams]], [[Pearl Bailey]], and [[Johnny Mathis]] made appearances on the show.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pat Boone |date=May 29, 2024 |title=Pat Boone |url=https://www.goldlabelartists.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/PAT-BOONE-BIO.pdf}}</ref> His [[cover version]]s of [[rhythm and blues]] hits had a noticeable effect on the development of the broad popularity of [[rock and roll]]. [[Elvis Presley]] was the opening act for a 1955 Pat Boone show in [[Brooklyn, Ohio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elvis.com.au/presley/pat_boone_elvis_presley.shtml|title=Pat Boone Remembers Elvis Presley : Elvis Articles: Official Elvis Presley Fan Club : Elvis Australia : Pat Boone |website=Elvis.com.au|access-date=September 19, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928072111/http://www.elvis.com.au/presley/pat_boone_elvis_presley.shtml|archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news |last=Albrecht |first=Brian |title=Headliner Pat Boone recalls 1955 Brooklyn High School rock concert with Elvis.... who? |url=https://www.cleveland.com/news/g66l-2019/02/6c984b606a5172/headliner-pat-boone-recalls-1955-brooklyn-high-school-rock-concert-with-elvis-who.html |access-date=April 8, 2021 |work=The Plain Dealer |date=February 10, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Moore |first1=Scotty |title=Brooklyn School Auditorium |date=2002 |url=http://www.scottymoore.net/brooklynoh.html |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
 
As an author, Boone had a number-one bestseller in the 1950s (''[['Twixt Twelve and Twenty (book)|<nowiki/>'Twixt Twelve and Twenty]]'', Prentice-Hall). In the 1960s he focused on [[gospel music]]. Later he became a member of the [[Gospel Music Hall of Fame]]. He continues to perform and speak as a motivational speaker, a television personality, and a [[Political conservative|conservative]] political commentator.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore |first1=Scotty |date=2002 |title=Brooklyn School Auditorium |url=http://www.scottymoore.net/brooklynoh.html |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
 
== Early life ==
Boone was born on June 1, 1934, in [[Jacksonville, Florida]], the son of Margaret Virginia (née Pritchard) and Archie Altman Boone. He grew up in [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]], where his family moved when he was two years old. Pat Boone graduated in 1952 from [[Lipscomb Academy|David Lipscomb High School]] in Nashville. His younger brother Cecil (1935–2023), professionally known as [[Nick Todd]], was born a year later to the day,<ref name="obiNBoone">{{cite web |url=https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/nashville-tn/nick-boone-11118203|title=Obituary Nick Boone June 1, 1935 – January 20, 2023|date=|accessdateaccess-date=June 10, 2023|websitepublisher=dignitymemorial.comDignity Memorial }}</ref> and was also a pop singer in the 1950s and later a church music leader.<ref name="ParishPitts2003">{{cite book|last1=Parish|first1=James Robert|last2=Pitts|first2=Michael R.|title=Hollywood Songsters: Allyson to Funicello|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GlybVaD6cakC&pg=PA99|access-date=July 23, 2010|date=July 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-94332-1|page=99}}</ref>
 
[[File:Pat Boone's handprints, footprints, and signature in cement.JPG|right|thumb|250px|Boone's handprints and shoe prints in front of [[The Great Movie Ride]] at [[Disney World]]'s [[Disney's Hollywood Studios]]]]
 
In a 2007 interview on ''[[The 700 Club]]'', Boone claimed to be the great-great-great-great-grandson of the American pioneer [[Daniel Boone]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Woodland |first1=Shannon |last2=Ross |first2=Scott |name-list-style=amp |title=BETWEENBetween THEthe LINERLiner NOTESNotes: Pat Boone and the New American Revolution |url=http://www.cbn.com/cbnmusic/interviews/700club_patboone022007.aspx |publisher=[[Christian Broadcasting Network]] |access-date=May 7, 2007}}</ref>
 
In November 1953, when he was 19 years old, Boone married Chicago-born<ref>Ancestry Library Edition{{verify source|date=December 2022}}</ref> [[Tennessee]]an Shirley Lee Foley (April 24, 1934 – January 11, 2019<ref name="shirleyboonedeath">{{cite news|last=Goldstein|first=Joelle|title=Pat Boone's Wife of 65 Years, Shirley, Dies: 'I've Parted with My Better Half for a Little While'|url=https://people.com/music/pat-boone-wife-shirley-dies-at-84|access-date=January 12, 2019|work=People|date=January 11, 2019}}</ref>), also 19 years old, daughter of country music great [[Red Foley]] and his wife, singer [[Judy Martin (singer)|Judy Martin]]. They had four daughters: [[Cherry Boone|Cheryl "Cherry" Lynn]], Linda "Lindy" Lee, [[Debby Boone|Deborah "Debby" Ann]], and Laura "Laury" Gene. Starting in the late 1950s, Boone and his family were residents of [[Teaneck, New Jersey]].<ref>Staff. [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/2068855972.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+16%2C+1958&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+(1928-1960)&desc=Kings+for+A+Day&pqatl=google "Kings for A Day"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107213618/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/2068855972.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+16%2C+1958&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+(1928-1960)&desc=Kings+for+A+Day&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012}} ''[[Boston Globe]]'', June 16, 1958. Retrieved March 30, 2011. "Singer Pat Boone and family leave Leonia, NJ home for church. Front, Cherry, 3 1/2; Debbie, 1 1/2, and Linda, 2 1/2."</ref> Shirley Boone was a lesser-known recording artist and television personality than her husband. She also founded a hunger-relief Christian ministry, Mercy Corps. She died in 2019, aged 84, at the couple's Beverly Hills home from complications from [[vasculitis]], which she had contracted less than a year earlier.<ref name="shirleyboonedeath"/>
 
Pat primarily attended David Lipscomb College, and later [[Lipscomb University]] in Nashville. He graduated in 1958 from [[Columbia University School of General Studies]] ''[[Latin honors|magna cum laude]]''<ref>Gerstenzang, Peter. "Pat 'n Leather", ''Columbia'', Winter 2007–2008.</ref> having previously attended North Texas State University, now known as the [[University of North Texas]], in [[Denton, Texas]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dentonrc.com/local-news/education/higher-education-headlines/20110906-fond-memories-prompt-boone-to-appear-at-unt.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123102744/http://www.dentonrc.com/local-news/education/higher-education-headlines/20110906-fond-memories-prompt-boone-to-appear-at-unt.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 23, 2015|title=Fond memories prompt Boone to appear at UNT – Higher Education|work=Denton Record-Chronicle|date=September 6, 2011}}</ref>
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== Career ==
=== Music ===
Boone began his career by performing in Nashville's [[Centennial Park (Nashville)|Centennial Park]].<ref name="kingsportevansmusiccityKingsport Evans Music City">{{cite news|last1=Evans|first1=Jim|title='Music City' Tour Set Up|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/75318152/?terms=%22centennial%2Bpark%22|access-date=April 22, 2017|work=The Kingsport Times|date=July 16, 1964|page=11|location=Kingsport, Tennessee|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|url-access=registration |quote=The folks are shown where Pat Boone attended school and told how Pat got his start with the Sunday concerts in Centennial Park}}</ref> He began recording in April 1953 for Republic Records (not to be confused with [[Republic Records|the current label with that name]]), and by 1955, for [[Dot Records]]. His 1955 version of [[Fats Domino]]'s "[[Ain't That a Shame]]" was a hit. This set the stage for the early part of Boone's career, which focused on covering [[rhythm and blues|R&B]] songs by Black artists for a white American market.<ref name="Schoemer">[http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/1/2006_1_28.shtml Karen Schoemer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100902150344/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/1/2006_1_28.shtml|date=September 2, 2010 }} "More Mr. Nice Guy", ''American Heritage'', Feb/March 2006.</ref> Randy Wood, the owner of Dot, had issued an R&B single by the Griffin Brothers in 1951 called "Tra La La-a"—a different song from the later [[LaVern Baker]] one—and he was keen to put out another version after the original had failed. This became the [[A-side and B-side|B-side]] of the first Boone single "Two Hearts Two Kisses", originally by the Charms – whose "Hearts Of Stone" had been covered by the label's [[Fontane Sisters]].
 
A number-one single in 1956 by Boone was a second cover and a revival of a then seven-year-old song "[[I Almost Lost My Mind]]", by [[Ivory Joe Hunter]], which was originally covered by another Black star, [[Nat King Cole]]. According to an opinion poll of high-school students in 1957, the singer was nearly the "two-to-one favorite over Elvis Presley among boys and preferred almost three-to-one by girls&nbsp;..."<ref>See the statistics in Ennis, Philip H., ''The Seventh Stream: The Emergence of Rocknroll in American Popular Music'' (Wesleyan University Press, 1992), pp. 251–52</ref> During the late 1950s, he made regular appearances on ABC-TV's ''[[Ozark Jubilee]]'', hosted by his father-in-law. He cultivated a safe, wholesome, advertiser-friendly image that won him a long-term product endorsement contract from [[General Motors]] during the late 1950s, lasting through the 1960s. He succeeded [[The Dinah Shore Chevy Show|Dinah Shore]] singing the praises of the GM product: "See the USA in your Chevrolet&nbsp;... drive your Chevrolet through the USA, America's the greatest land of all!" GM had also sponsored ''The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom''.
 
Many of Boone's hit singles were covers of hits from Black Rock and Roll artists. These included: "Ain't That a Shame" by Fats Domino; "[[Tutti Frutti (song)|Tutti Frutti]]" and "[[Long Tall Sally]]" by [[Little Richard]];<ref name=pc6"Show 6">{{cite web|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19752/m1|title=Show 6 – Hail, Hail, Rock 'n' Roll: The rock revolution gets underway|website=Digital.library.unt.edu |date=March 16, 1969|access-date=September 20, 2010}}</ref> "[[At My Front Door|At My Front Door (Crazy Little Mama)]]" by [[The El Dorados]]; and the [[blues ballad]]s "[[I Almost Lost My Mind]]" by [[Ivory Joe Hunter]], "I'll be Home" by [[the Flamingos]] and "[[Don't Forbid Me]]" by [[Charles Singleton (songwriter)|Charles Singleton]]. Boone has been highlighted as an example of [[Whitewashing in film|whitewashing]] by taking songs by black artists and sanitizing them to make them more palatable for a white audience, denying exposure to these black artists.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/the-whitewashing-of-black-music-five-singles-made-popular-by-white-artists/|title=The whitewashing of Black music: Five singles made popular by white artist|date=August 11, 2021 |work=Far Out magazine|accessdateaccess-date=18 March 2023}}</ref>
 
Boone also wrote the lyrics for the instrumental theme song for the movie ''[[Exodus (1960 film)|Exodus]]'', which he titled "This Land Is Mine". ([[Ernest Gold (composer)|Ernest Gold]] had composed the music.)
 
As a conservative Christian, Boone declined certain songs and movie roles that he felt might compromise his beliefs—including a role with sex symbol [[Marilyn Monroe]]. In one of his first films, ''April Love'', the director, [[Henry Levin (film director)|Henry Levin]], wanted him to give co-star [[Shirley Jones]] a kiss (which was not in the script). Since this would be his first onscreen kiss, Boone said that he wanted to talk to his wife first, to make sure it was all right with her.<ref>{{cite web|last=King|first=Susan|title=A Pat Boone kiss-and-tell|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/aug/11/entertainment/la-et-classic-hollywood-20100811|work=Los Angeles Times|date=August 11, 2010 |access-date=June 15, 2012}}</ref> He had his own film production company, Cooga Mooga Productions.<ref name="coogaCooga">{{cite news|title=Boone to Expand, Buys Two Stories: West Claims Hugh Marlowe; Big Brother's '1984' to Stage |author=Scheuer, Philip K.|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 11, 1960|page=23}}</ref>
 
He appeared as a regular performer on ''[[Arthur Godfrey and His Friends]]'' from 1955 through 1957, and later hosted his own ''The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom'', on Thursday evenings. In 1959, Boone's likeness was licensed to [[DC Comics]], first appearing in ''[[Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane]]'' No. 9 (May 1959) before starring in his own series from the publisher, which lasted for five issues from September 1959 to May 1960.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://comicvine.gamespot.com/pat-boone-1/4000-56483/|title=Pat Boone No. 1 (Issue)|website=Comic Vine|access-date=March 20, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cowsill |first1=Alan |last2=Irvine |first2=Alex |last3=Manning |first3=Matthew K. |last4=McAvennie |first4=Michael |last5=Wallace |first5=Daniel |title=DC Comics Year By Year: A Visual Chronicle |date=2019 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-1-4654-8578-6 |page=89}}</ref> In the early 1960s, he began writing a series of self-help books for adolescents, including ''[['Twixt Twelve and Twenty (book)|'Twixt Twelve and Twenty]]''. The [[British Invasion]] ended Boone's career as a hitmaker, though he continued recording throughout the 1960s. In 1966, he participated in the [[Sanremo Music Festival]] in Italy, performing the songs ''Mai mai mai Valentina'' alongside [[Giorgio Gaber]] and ''Se tu non -fossi qui'' with [[Peppino Gagliardi]]. During his trip to Italy, he visited the headquarterheadquarters of [[Ferrari]] in [[Maranello]], near [[Modena]], with the intention of buying a [[Ferrari America|Superamerica Sports Car]], but [[Enzo Ferrari]] dissuaded him from purchasing that model by saying that there would not have been enough room for Boone's four daughters, and sold him a four-door [[Ferrari 330|Ferrari 2+2]] instead. In a 2021 interview, Boone admitted having later sold the "Ferrari he didn't like" to [[Tom Smothers]] of the comedic duo [[Smothers Brothers]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pingitore |first=Silvia |date=December 21, 2021 |title=From Elvis Presley to Speedy Gonzales, from Ronald Reagan to cancel culture: the world's longest interview with 1950s superstar Pat Boone |url=https://the-shortlisted.co.uk/pat-boone-speedy-gonzales-interview/ |access-date=December 23, 2021 |website=the-shortlisted.co.ukThe Shortlisted |language=en-GB}}</ref>
 
In the 1970s, he switched to [[Gospel music|gospel]] and [[Country music|country]], and continued performing in other media as well. In the 1960s and 1970s the Boone family toured as gospel singers and made gospel albums, such as ''The Pat Boone Family'' and ''The Family Who Prays''.<ref name="Larkin" />
 
[[File:Pat & Debby Boone.jpg|thumb|Pat and Debby Boone singing to a fan in [[Washington, D.C.]], 1997]]
 
In the early 1970s, Boone founded the record label [[Lamb & Lion Records]]. It featured artists such as Pat, the Pat Boone Family, [[Debby Boone]], [[Dan Peek]], [[DeGarmo and Key]], and Dogwood.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mymusicway.com/labels/lamblion.html |title=Lamb & Lion Records|website=Mymusicway.com|access-date=September 20, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221183017/http://www.mymusicway.com/labels/lamblion.html|archive-date=December 21, 2007}}</ref> In 1974, Boone was signed to the [[Motown]] country subsidiary Melodyland.<ref>"[https://books.google.com/books?id=swcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3 Motown Unveils a Country Wing: Pat Boone Signs]", ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''. October 26, 1974. p. 3. Retrieved March 17, 2021.</ref>
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Even more popular was ''[[April Love (film)|April Love]]'' (1957), a remake of ''[[Home in Indiana]]''. Boone regards it as one of his favourites, "the kind of movie I wish I could have made 20 more of: a musical, appealing characters, some drama, a good storyline, a happy ending, it's the kind of film which makes you feel good. I never wanted to make a depressing or immoral film."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pNQylJinyQsC&q=%22pat+boone%22+%22yellow+canary%22+interview&pg=PA13|page=6|title="Movies Were Always Magical": Interviews with 19 Actors, Directors, and Producers from the Hollywood of the 1930s through the 1950s|first=Leo|last=Verswijver|publisher=McFarland|date=2003|isbn=9780786411290}}</ref>
 
Less popular was a musical comedy ''[[Mardi Gras (1958 film)|Mardi Gras]]'' (1958), which was the last movie of [[Edmund Goulding]]. However, ''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (1959 film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]'' (1959), a science fiction adventure tale, was a huge hit. Boone had been reluctant to do it, and needed to be persuaded by being offered the chance to sing several songs and given a percentage of the profits, but was glad he did.<ref name="vaggVagg">{{Cite magazine|url=https://diaboliquemagazine.com/the-surprisingly-interesting-cinema-of-pat-boone/|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|date=September 10, 2019|magazine=Diabolique Magazine|title=The Surprisingly Interesting Cinema of Pat Boone}}</ref>
 
He produced and starred in a documentary, ''[[Salute to the Teenagers]]'' (1960), but did not make a film for a while, studying acting with [[Sanford Meisner]]. He returned with a military comedy, ''[[All Hands on Deck (1961 film)|All Hands on Deck]]'' (1961), a mild hit.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rumors Have Marlon Married to Movita |author=Dorothy Kilgallen |work=The Washington Post and Times-Herald |date= March 12, 1961 |page=G3}}</ref>
 
He was one of several names in another remake, ''[[State Fair (1962 film)|State Fair]]'' (1962), a box office disappointment. Musicals were becoming less fashionable in Hollywood, so Boone decided to take on a dramatic role in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer-distributed movie ''[[The Main Attraction (film)|The Main Attraction]]'' (1962) for [[Seven Arts Productions]], his first movie outside Fox. It was an unhappy experience for Boone as he disliked the implication his character had sex with [[Nancy Kwan]]'s and he got into several public fights with the producers.<ref name="laLA Times">{{cite news|title=Boone Fights Use of Movie That Lacks OK|author=Ryon, Art|work=Los Angeles Times|date=December 15, 1962|page=B5}}</ref> He had a deal with Fox to make three films at $200,000 a film with his production company. This was meant to start with a thriller, ''[[The Yellow Canary]]'' (1963), in which Boone would play an unsympathetic character. New management came in at the studio, which was unenthusiastic about the picture but because Boone had a pay or play deal, they decided to make it anyway, only with a much shorter budget. Boone even paid some money out of his own pocket to help complete it.<ref name="robertRobert">Mark Thomas McGee, ''Talk's Cheap, Action's Expensive: The Films of Robert L. Lippert'', Bear Manor Media, 2014, pp. 271–72</ref>
 
Boone's next movie for Fox was another low-budget effort, ''[[The Horror of It All]]'' (1963), shot in England. He made a comedy in Ireland, ''[[Never Put It in Writing]]'' (1964), for Allied Artists. Boone's third film for Fox was an "A" production, ''[[Goodbye Charlie]]'' (1964), but Boone was in support of [[Debbie Reynolds]] and [[Tony Curtis]]. He was one of the many names in ''[[The Greatest Story Ever Told]]'' (1965). He appeared in ''[[The Perils of Pauline (1967 film)|The Perils of Pauline]]'' (1967), a pilot for a TV series that did not eventuate, which was screened in some theatres. Boone's last film of note was ''[[The Cross and the Switchblade (film)|The Cross and the Switchblade]]'' (1970).
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=== Later work ===
[[File:Pat Boone by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|right|Boone at [[Conservative Political Action Conference|CPAC]] in February 2011]]
In 1994, Pat Boone played the title role in ''The Will Rogers Follies'' in [[Branson, Missouri|Branson]], [[Missouri]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://variety.com/1994/voices/columns/showbiz-makes-unlikely-stand-in-branson-mo-1117862463/ | title=Showbiz makes unlikely stand in Branson, Mo | date=April 13, 1994 }}</ref>
 
In 1997, Boone released ''[[In a Metal Mood: No More Mr. Nice Guy]]'', a collection of [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]] [[cover version|covers]].<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=[[Virgin Books]]|date=1997|edition=Concise|isbn=1-85227-745-9|page=165/6|title-link=Encyclopedia of Popular Music}}</ref> To promote the album, he appeared at the [[American Music Award]]s in black leather. He was then dismissed from ''Gospel America'', a TV show on the [[Trinity Broadcasting Network]]. After making a special appearance on TBN with the president of the network, [[Paul Crouch]], and his pastor, Jack Hayford, many fans accepted his explanation of the leather outfit being a "parody of himself". Trinity Broadcasting then reinstated him, and ''Gospel America'' was brought back.<ref name="Pat" />
 
In 2003, the Nashville [[Gospel Music Association]] recognized his gospel recording work by inducting him into its [[Gospel Music Hall of Fame]]. In September 2006, Boone released ''We Are Family: R&B Classics'', featuring cover versions of 11 R&B hits, including the title track, plus "Papa's Got A Brand New Bag", "Soul Man", "Get Down Tonight", "A Woman Needs Love", and six other classics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/we-are-family-r-b-classics-mw0000459865|title=We Are Family: R&B Classics – Pat Boone |website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=October 17, 2019}}</ref>
 
In 2010, plans were announced for the Pat Boone Family Theater at [[Broadway at the Beach]] in [[Myrtle Beach, South Carolina]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thesunnews.com/2010/12/31/1895168/boone-boom-set-for-spring.html|title=Pat Boone Family Theater replaces NASCAR café in Myrtle Beach|last=Spring|first=Jake|work=[[The Sun News]]|date=December 31, 2010|access-date=December 31, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130204032723/http://www.thesunnews.com/2010/12/31/1895168/boone-boom-set-for-spring.html|archive-date=February 4, 2013}}</ref> The attraction was never built.<ref name=":2">{{cite news|title=Hollywood Wax Museum on track for summer debut in Myrtle Beach|last=Bryant|first=Dawn|work=[[The Sun News]]|date=January 13, 2014}}</ref>
 
In 2011, Boone acted as a spokesperson for Security One Lending, a reverse mortgage company.<ref name=":3">{{Cite AV media |last=kpb92651|title=Security One Lending – Innovative Direct Response|date=October 5, 2011|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvUCtEL7kAA| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211031/mvUCtEL7kAA| archive-date=October 31, 2021 | url-status=live|access-date=February 6, 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Since at least 2007<ref>{{Cite AV media |last=swissamerica|title=Swiss America-Free Gold Info w/ Pat Boone|date=September 11, 2007|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASpX9gNkfHs| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211031/ASpX9gNkfHs| archive-date=October 31, 2021 | url-status=live|access-date=February 6, 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Boone has acted as a spokesperson for Swiss America Trading Corporation, a broker of gold and silver coins that warns of "America's Economic Collapse".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.swissamerica.com/press.php|title=Investment Market & News Reports {{!}} Swiss America Trading|access-date=February 6, 2017}}</ref>
 
In 2023 Boone, at 89, is one of the guest vocalists on ''[[Born to Be Wild (Ann-Margret album)|Born to Be Wild]]'', an album by [[Ann-Margret]]. Together they perform the song "[[Teach Me Tonight]]" on the album.<ref>[https://shorefire.com/releases/entry/ann-margret-returns-with-all-star-collaborators-onborn-to-be-wild-her-first-album-in-over-a-decade-due-out-april-14-on-cleopatra-record] {{dead link|date=June 2024}}</ref>
 
== Personal life ==
In November 1953, when he was 19 years old, Boone married Chicago-born<ref>Ancestry Library Edition{{verify source|date=December 2022}}</ref> [[Tennessee]]an Shirley Lee Foley (April 24, 1934 – January 11, 2019<ref name="shirleyboonedeathShirley Boone death">{{cite news|last=Goldstein|first=Joelle|title=Pat Boone's Wife of 65 Years, Shirley, Dies: 'I've Parted with My Better Half for a Little While'|url=https://people.com/music/pat-boone-wife-shirley-dies-at-84|access-date=January 12, 2019|work=People|date=January 11, 2019}}</ref>), also 19 years old, daughter of country music great [[Red Foley]] and his wife, singer [[Judy Martin (singer)|Judy Martin]]. They had four daughters: [[Cherry Boone|Cheryl "Cherry" Lynn]], Linda "Lindy" Lee, [[Debby Boone|Deborah "Debby" Ann]], and Laura "Laury" Gene. Starting in the late 1950s, Boone and his family were residents of [[Teaneck, New Jersey]].<ref>Staff. [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/2068855972.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+16%2C+1958&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+(1928-1960)&desc=Kings+for+A+Day&pqatl=google "Kings for A Day"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107213618/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/2068855972.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+16%2C+1958&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+(1928-1960)&desc=Kings+for+A+Day&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012}} ''[[The Boston Globe]]'', June 16, 1958. Retrieved March 30, 2011. "Singer Pat Boone and family leave Leonia, NJ home for church. Front, Cherry, 3 1/2; Debbie, 1 1/2, and Linda, 2 1/2."</ref> Shirley Boone was a lesser-known recording artist and television personality than her husband. She also founded a hunger-relief Christian ministry, that evolved into [[Mercy Corps]].<ref name="Shirley Boone death" /> She died in 2019, aged 84, at the couple's Beverly Hills home from complications from [[vasculitis]], which she had contracted less than a year earlier.<ref name="shirleyboonedeathShirley Boone death" />
 
=== Religion ===
Boone grew up in the [[Churches of Christ|Church of Christ]].<ref name="religion">{{cite web|title=The religion of Pat Boone, singer|url=http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Pat_Boone.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050731090423/http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Pat_Boone.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 31, 2005|website=Adherents.com|access-date=June 6, 2010}}</ref> In the 1960s, Boone's marriage to Shirley Foley nearly came to an end because of his use of alcohol and his preference for attending parties. However, after coming into contact with the [[Charismatic Movement]], Shirley began to focus more on her religion and eventually influenced Pat and their daughters to have a similar religious focus.<ref>{{cite book|last=Neitz|first=Mary Jo|title=Charisma and Community: A Study of Religious Commitment Within the Charismatic Renewal|year=1987|publisher=Transaction Publishers|location=New Brunswick NJ|isbn=978-0-88738-130-0|page=76|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KrUr2ydLiwAC}}</ref> At the time they attended the [[Inglewood, California|Inglewood Church of Christ in [[Inglewood, California]].
 
In the spring of 1964, Boone spoke at a "Project Prayer" rally attended by 2,500 at the [[Shrine Auditorium]] in Los Angeles. The gathering, which was hosted by [[Anthony Eisley]], a star of ABC's ''[[Hawaiian Eye]]'' series, sought to flood the [[United States Congress]] with letters in support of mandatory [[school prayer]], following two decisions in 1962 and 1963 of the [[United States Supreme Court]] that struck down mandatory prayer as conflicting with the [[Establishment Clause]] of the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution]].<ref name="Pearson">{{cite news |author=Drew Pearson |authorlink1=Drew Pearson (journalist) |title=The Washington Merry-Go-Round |date=May 14, 1964 |hdl=1961/2041-50658 |hdl-access=free |via=American University Digital Research Archive}}</ref> Joining Boone and Eisley at the Project Prayer rally were [[Walter Brennan]], [[Lloyd Nolan]], [[Rhonda Fleming]], [[Gloria Swanson]], and [[Dale Evans]]. Boone declared, "what the communists want is to subvert and undermine our young people... I believe in the power of aroused Americans, I believe in the wisdom of our Constitution.... the power of God."<ref name="Pearson" /> It was noted that [[Roy Rogers]], [[John Wayne]], [[Ronald Reagan]], [[Mary Pickford]], [[Jane Russell]], [[Ginger Rogers]], and [[Pat Buttram]] had endorsed the goals of the rally and would also have attended had their schedules not been in conflict.<ref name="Pearson" />
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In the early 1970s, the Boones hosted [[Bible study (Christianity)|Bible]] studies for celebrities such as [[Doris Day]], [[Glenn Ford]], [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]], and [[Priscilla Presley]] at their [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]] home. The family then began attending [[The Church on the Way]] in [[Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California|Van Nuys]], a [[International Church of the Foursquare Gospel|Foursquare Gospel]] megachurch pastored by [[Jack Hayford]].<ref name="Pat">{{cite magazine|last=Gilbreath|first=Edward|title=Why Pat Boone Went 'Bad'|url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/1999/october4/9tb056.html|magazine=Christianity Today|access-date=October 4, 2009}}</ref>
 
On an April 22, 2016, broadcast of [[Fox News Radio]]'s ''[[The Alan Colmes Show]]'', Boone discussed an episode of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' that included a sketch entitled ''God Is a Boob Man''; the sketch parodied the film ''[[God's Not Dead 2]]'', in which Boone had a role.<ref name="Fox News Colmes 2016-04-22">[http://radio.foxnews.com/2016/04/22/pat-boone-the-fcc-should-punish-blasphemy Pat Boone: The FCC Should Punish Blasphemy], on ''[[The Alan Colmes Show]]''; published April 22, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2016</ref> He described the sketch as "[[blasphemy]]", stating that the [[Federal Communications Commission]] should forbid any such content, and that it should revoke the broadcast licenses of any "network, or whoever is responsible for the shows".<ref name="Fox News Colmes 2016-04-22" />
 
=== Politics ===
At a 1961 gathering at [[Pepperdine College]], Pat Boone said, "I would rather see my four girls shot and die as little girls who have faith in God than leave them to die some years later as godless, faithless, soulless communists."<ref>{{cite web |title=Kristin Kobes Du Mez > Quotes |website=[[Goodreads]] |url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/20374247.Kristin_Kobes_Du_Mez?page=5 |postscript=,}} quoting from {{cite book |author=Kristin Kobes Du Mez |authorlink=Kristin Kobes Du Mez |title=Jesus and John Wayne: How White Evangelicals Corrupted a Faith and Fractured a Nation |year=2020 |publisher=WW Norton |isbn=9781631495731}}</ref> <!-- <ref>{{cite web |author=David Dark |date=September 24, 2021 |title=Wolves in Shepherd's Clothing |website=Chapter 16 |url=https://chapter16.org/wolves-in-shepherds-clothing/}}</ref> -->
 
Boone supported [[Barry Goldwater]] in the [[1964 United States presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QfHXAAAAQBAJ&q=pat%20boone | title=When Hollywood Was Right: How Movie Stars, Studio Moguls, and Big Business Remade American Politics| isbn=9781107650282| last1=Critchlow| first1=Donald T.| date=October 21, 2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref>
 
In the 2007 Kentucky gubernatorial election, Boone campaigned unsuccessfully for incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Ernie Fletcher]] with a recorded automated telephone message stating that the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidate [[Steve Beshear]] would support "every homosexual cause." As part of the campaign, Boone asked, "Now do you want a governor who'd like Kentucky to be another San Francisco?"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tpmelectioncentral.com/2007/11/kentucky_gop_pushing_antigay_message_in_final_days_of_gov_race.php|title=Kentucky GOP Pushing Anti-Gay Message in Final Days Of Gov Race|work=TPM Election Central|first=Eric|last=Kleefeld|date=November 4, 2007|access-date=November 5, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105172656/http://tpmelectioncentral.com/2007/11/kentucky_gop_pushing_antigay_message_in_final_days_of_gov_race.php|archive-date=November 5, 2007}}</ref> On August 29, 2009, Boone wrote an article comparing American political liberalism to cancer, likening it to "black filthy cells".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uproxx.com/music/pat-boone-obamas-birth-certificate-will-be-proven-as-fake-by-september/|title=Pat Boone: 'Obama's Birth Certificate Will Be Proven As Fake By September'|date=June 26, 2014|website=Uproxx.com|access-date=January 22, 2019}}</ref>
 
In December 2009, Boone endorsed conservative Republican John Wayne Tucker's campaign in [[Missouri's 3rd congressional district]] against incumbent [[Russ Carnahan]] (D) in the 2010 midterm elections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://johnwaynetucker.com/congress/campaign_endorsements.html|title=Pat Boone Endorses John Wayne Tucker for Congress|date=December 15, 2009|website=JohnWayneTucker.com|access-date=January 26, 2011}}</ref> In 2010, Boone endorsed Republican Clayton Trotter in the race for [[Texas's 20th congressional district]] with an ad campaign referencing his song "[[Speedy Gonzales (song)|Speedy Gonzales]]", about [[Speedy Gonzales|the Looney Tunes character]], which critics have characterized as offensive stereotypes.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local_news/article/Trotter-s-campaign-ad-had-to-be-an-inside-job-735873.php|title=Trotter's campaign ad had to be an inside job|author=Greg Jefferson|date=October 28, 2010|journal=San Antonio Express -News|access-date=June 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rightwingwatch.org/post/clayton-trotter-the-anglo-with-the-hispanic-heart/|title=Clayton Trotter: "The Anglo With The Hispanic Heart"|date=October 28, 2010|author=Kyle Mantyla|website=RightWingWatch|access-date=June 25, 2021}}</ref> Boone received a lifetime achievement award at the 38th annual [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] held in February 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://60plus.org/boone-honored-by-cpac-lifetime-achievement-award|publisher=[[60 Plus Association]] |title=Boone Honored By CPAC Lifetime Achievement Award|website=60plus.org|date=February 9, 2011|access-date=May 4, 2012}}</ref>
 
In June 2016, Boone, along with [[Mike Huckabee]] and executive producer Troy Duhon, all of whom were involved in the film ''[[God's Not Dead 2]]'', sent a letter to [[California]] Governor [[Jerry Brown]] in opposition to Senate Bill 1146,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1146|title=Bill Text – SB-1146 Discrimination: postsecondary education.|website=Leginfo.legislature.ca.gov|access-date=January 22, 2019}}</ref> which "prohibits a person from being subjected to discrimination" at California colleges. Other than schools that train pastors and theology teachers, schools "might no longer be allowed to hire Christian-only staff, teach religious ideas in regular classes, require attendance at chapel services, or keep bathrooms and dormitories restricted to either males or females."<ref>{{cite web|last=Bond|first=Paul|date=June 30, 2016|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/gods-not-dead-2-filmmakers-907838|title=''God's Not Dead 2'' Filmmakers Wade into California Politics|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=August 24, 2016}}</ref>
 
=== Basketball ===
Boone is a basketball fan and had ownership interests in two teams. He owned a team in the Hollywood Studio League called the Cooga Moogas. The Cooga Moogas included [[Bill Cosby]], [[Rafer Johnson]], [[Gardner McKay]], [[Don Murray (actor)|Don Murray]], and [[Denny Miller|Denny "Tarzan" Miller]].<ref name="RTABARemember the ABA">{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/Oakland-Oaks.html|title=Oakland Oaks|work=Remember the ABA|access-date=November 10, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223307/http://www.remembertheaba.com/Oakland-Oaks.html|archive-date=September 27, 2007}}</ref>
 
When the [[American Basketball Association]] began, Boone became the majority owner of the league's team in [[Oakland, California]], on February 2, 1967.<ref name="RTABARemember the ABA" /> The team was first named the Oakland Americans, but was renamed the [[Oakland Oaks (ABA)|Oakland Oaks]], the name under which it played from 1967 to 1969.<ref name="RTABARemember the ABA" /> The Oaks won the [[1969 ABA Playoffs|1969 ABA championship]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/PlayoffPages/1969Playoffs.html|title=1968–69 ABA Regular Season Standings|work=Remember the ABA|access-date=November 10, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017202704/http://remembertheaba.com/PlayoffPages/1969Playoffs.html|archive-date=October 17, 2007}}</ref>
 
Despite the Oaks' success on the court, the team had severe financial problems. By August 1969, the [[Bank of America]] was threatening to foreclose on a $1.2 &nbsp;million loan to the Oaks,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/VirginiaMaterial/OaksCapsSquiresYearly.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614055042/http://remembertheaba.com/VirginiaMaterial/OaksCapsSquiresYearly.html|archive-date=June 14, 2007|title=Oakland Oaks/Washington Caps/Virginia Squires Year-to-Year Franchise Notes|work=Remember the ABA |access-date=November 10, 2007}}</ref> and the team was sold to a group of businessmen in Washington, D.C., and became the [[Washington Caps]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.remembertheaba.com/VirginiaMaterial/SquiresRosters2.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626220240/http://www.remembertheaba.com/VirginiaMaterial/SquiresRosters2.html|archive-date=June 26, 2007|title=Oakland Oaks/Washington Caps/Virginia Squires Year-to-Year Rosters|work=Remember the ABA|access-date=November 10, 2007}}</ref>
 
Boone later played for the Virginia Creepers, an 80–84 age group [[Senior Olympics]] team that narrowly lost to the gold medal-winning team; Boone aged out (by turning 85) on June 1, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nsga-results.fusesport.com/ladder.asp?id=154999&seasonid=285|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614055042/https://nsga-results.fusesport.com/ladder.asp?id=154999&seasonid=285|archive-date=June 14, 2007|title=NSGA Basketball Results|work=NSGA|access-date=November 10, 2007}}</ref>
 
== Artistry and influence ==
==Discography==
During his career, he performed many [[musical genres]] such as [[Pop music|pop]], [[country music]], [[rock and roll]], [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]], [[Gospel music|gospel]] and [[Soul music|soul]].<ref name=":3" /> His vocal style was similar to many [[crooner]]s of his time like [[Frank Sinatra]] and [[Perry Como]], despite that, he wasn't a [[baritone]] like them, instead he had a [[tenor]] voice. He was also popular for his wide vocal range.<ref name="Larkin" />
Pat Boone is one of the most prolific artists of all time with nearly 2,600 recorded songs.<ref name=":2" />
 
== Discography ==
{{Main|Pat Boone discography}}
'''Studio albums'''
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* ''[["Pat" (album)|"Pat"]]''
* ''[[Hymns We Love]]''
* ''[[Pat's Great Hits]]''
* ''[[Pat Boone Sings Irving Berlin]]''
* ''[[Star Dust (Pat Boone album)|Star Dust]]''
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*''New Song'' (1988) Impact Books, {{ISBN|0-86608-003-1}}
*''Miracle of Prayer'' (1989) Zondervan, {{ISBN|0-310-22131-5}}
*''The Human Touch: The Story of the National Easter Seal'' (1990) Certification Review, {{ISBN|0-914373-22-6}}
*''Jesus Is Alive'' (1990) Thomas Nelson Inc, {{ISBN|1-55894-219-X}}
*''Double Agent'' (2002) Publish America, Incorporated, {{ISBN|1-59129-469-X}}
*''Goodnight, Whatever You Are!: My Journey with Zacherley, the Cool Ghoul'' (2006) Tradeselect Limited, {{ISBN|1-933384-03-4}}
*''Pat Boone's America: A Pop Culture Treasury of the Past Fifty Years'' (2006) B&H Publishing Group, {{ISBN|0-8054-4376-2}}
*''Culture-Wise Family: Upholding Christian Values in A Mass-Media World'' (2007) Gospel Light Publications, {{ISBN|0-8307-4355-3}}
*''The Marriage Game'' (2007) New Leaf Press, Inc., {{ISBN|0-89221-114-8}}
*''Questions About God: And the Answers That Could Change Your Life'' (2008) Lighthouse Publishing, {{ISBN|1-935079-13-1}}
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[[Category:Members of the Foursquare Church]]
[[Category:Motown artists]]
[[Category:Stateside Records artists]]
[[Category:Music of Denton, Texas]]
[[Category:Musicians from Jacksonville, Florida]]
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[[Category:Singer-songwriters from Tennessee]]
[[Category:Singer-songwriters from Florida]]
[[Category:American anti-communists]]
[[Category:Actors from Teaneck, New Jersey]]