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'''Peter Bernard Clarke''' (25 October 1940 – June 2011) was a British scholar of religion and founding editor of the ''[[Journal of Contemporary Religion]]''.<ref name=debretts>[http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/browse/c/23306/Peter%20Bernard+CLARKE.aspx Biography] in [[Debrett's]]</ref>▼
{{short description|British scholar of religion}}
{{Infobox academic
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| birth_name = Peter Bernard Clarke
| birth_date = {{birth date|1940|10|25|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[West Byfleet]], England<ref name="Barber 2012, p. 1"/>
| death_date = {{death date and age|2011|06|24|1940|10|25|df=yes}}
| death_place =
| nationality = British
| spouse = Kathy ({{abbr|sep.|separated}})
| awards = <!--notable national-level awards only-->
| website = {{official URL}}
| alma_mater = {{ubl | [[University of Oxford]] | [[SOAS University of London|School of Oriental and African Studies, London]] | [[King's College, London]]}}
| thesis_title = Islamic Millenarianism in South-Western Nigeria<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Clarke |first=Peter B. |year=1990 |title=Islamic Millenarianism in South-Western Nigeria: The Case of the Mahdiyya Movement |url=https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/islamic-millenarianism-in-south-western-nigeria--the-case-of-the-mahdiyya-movement(de36bad8-44c2-43ba-a296-d8aca85d68b8).html |degree=PhD |location=London |publisher=King's College, London |access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref>
| thesis_year = 1990
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| influences = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
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| discipline = [[Sociology]]
| sub_discipline = [[Sociology of religion]]<ref name="Barber 2012, p. 3">{{cite journal |last=Barber |first=John |year=2012 |title=Peter B. Clarke: Tributes |journal=Journal of Contemporary Religion |volume=27 |issue=1 |page=3 |doi=10.1080/13537903.2012.643176 |s2cid=144134826 |issn=1469-9419}}</ref>
| workplaces = [[King's College, London]]
| doctoral_students = [[Martyn Percy]]<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Percy |first=Martyn William |year=1993 |title="Signs, Wonders and Church Growth": The Theme of Power in Contemporary Christian Fundamentalism with Special Reference to the Works of John Wimber |url=https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/signs-wonders-and-church-growth(8e0fd703-b814-49dd-b009-9cf319ca4ecb).html |degree=PhD |location=London |publisher=King's College, London |page=5 |access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref>
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| influenced = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
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}}▼
▲'''Peter Bernard Clarke'''<ref name="Barber 2012, p. 1">{{cite journal |last=Barber |first=John |year=2012 |title=Peter B. Clarke: Tributes |journal=Journal of Contemporary Religion |volume=27 |issue=1 |page=1 |doi=10.1080/13537903.2012.643176 |s2cid=144134826 |issn=1469-9419}}</ref> (25 October 1940 – 24 June 2011) was a British scholar of religion and founding editor of the ''[[Journal of Contemporary Religion]]''.<ref name=debretts>[http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/browse/c/23306/Peter%20Bernard+CLARKE.aspx Biography] in [[Debrett's]]</ref>
==Academic career==
Clarke served as Professor Emeritus of the History and Sociology of Religion at [[King's College
Clarke inaugurated a series of annual conferences on new religious movements at King's, which brought together academics from a variety of backgrounds. These conferences eventually evolved into the "INFORM" (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements) seminars.
Clarke was the founding editor of the ''[[Journal of Contemporary Religion]]'', established by the Centre for New Religions in 1985 (the journal appeared under the title ''Religion Today'' until 1995).<ref>Arweck, Elisabeth. ''Researching new religious movements: responses and redefinitions'', p. ix, Routledge 2006, {{ISBN
Clarke's research fields have spanned Islamic movements as well as new religions derived from African, African Brazilian and Japanese roots.<ref name=debretts /><ref>Weibel, Nadine. ''Weiblicher Blick- Männerglaube/ Religions D'hommes- Regards de Femmes: Beiträge zur Gender-Perspektive in den Religionen'', Waxmann Verlag 2008, p. 193, {{ISBN
===Definitions of religion===
In ''Religion Defined and Explained'', co-written with Peter Byrne, Clarke advocated an elastic definition of religion based on "family resemblance": while religions have "a characteristic set of features", "there will be no single feature or set of features found in each and every example of religion", and "there will be no limits to be set in advance to the kind of characteristic features newly discovered or developing religions might be found to exemplify, nor will there be absolute limits to the additional features such new examples could add to the set". Clarke and Byrne argued that "the various examples of religion will then be related by a network of relationships rather than shared possession of necessary and sufficient conditions for membership of the class." Even so, based on the family resemblance, "one will be able to say of newly found examples whether they are religions or not."<ref>Schellenberg, J. L. ''Prolegomena to a philosophy of religion'', [[Cornell University Press]] 2005, p. 7, {{ISBN
In discussing [[Australian aborigines|Australian aboriginal]] and African "primal religions" in a chapter of ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of World Religions'', Clarke asserted that terms such as "primal" or "traditional" religions are "controversial", as they are often "wrongly taken to refer to static, unchanging and primitive, or unsophisticated religions found in underdeveloped societies"; Clarke made clear that he was not using the terms in this way, but used them in the sense of "religions that have always been an integral part of the culture of a society", unlike religions "with global ambitions such as Christianity and Islam".<ref>Cox, James Leland. ''From primitive to indigenous: the academic study of indigenous religions'', [[Ashgate Publishing]] 2007, pp. 56–57, {{ISBN
==Death==
Clarke died
==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100915015007/http://www.
{{authority control}}
▲| NAME = Clarke, Peter B.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Clarke, Peter B.}}
[[Category:British sociologists]]▼
[[Category:Sociologists of religion]]▼
[[Category:Researchers of cults and new religious movements]]▼
[[Category:1940 births]]
[[Category:2011 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century British social scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century British social scientists]]
[[Category:Academics of King's College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of King's College London]]
[[Category:Alumni of SOAS University of London]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Oxford]]
▲[[Category:British sociologists]]
▲[[Category:Sociologists of religion]]
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