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{{short description|Boat which is powered by an engine}}
{{hatnote group|
{{redirect|Motorboating}}
{{redirect|Speedboat|the novel|Speedboat (novel)}}
{{distinguish|Motor ship}}
}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2007}}
[[File:Motorboat at Kankaria lake.JPG|thumb|right|A motorboat with an [[outboard motor]]]]
A '''motorboat''', '''speedboat''' or '''powerboat''' is a [[boat]] that is exclusively powered by an [[engine]].
Some motorboats are fitted with [[inboard motor|inboard engine]]s, others have an [[outboard motor]] installed on the rear, containing the [[internal combustion engine]], the [[gear reduction|gearbox]] and the [[propeller]] in one portable unit. An [[sterndrive|inboard-outboard]] contains a hybrid of an inboard and an outboard, where the internal combustion engine is installed inside the boat, and the gearbox and propeller are outside.
There are two configurations of an inboard, [[V-drive]] and direct drive. A direct drive has the powerplant mounted near the middle of the boat with the propeller shaft straight out the back, where a V-drive has the powerplant mounted in the back of the boat facing backwards having the shaft go towards the front of the boat then making a ''V'' towards the rear.
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==Overview==
A motorboat is a small craft with one or more engines for propulsion. Motorboats are commonly used for work, recreation, sport, or [[boat racing|racing]].
Boat engines vary in shape, size, and type. These include [[inboard motor|inboard]], [[outboard motor|outboard]] (integrating, the engine, [[gear reduction|gearbox]], and [[propeller]] in one portable unit mounted in the rear), and [[sterndrive|inboard-outboard]] (or “sterndrive”, which mounts the engine inboard and the rest outboard).
Fuel types include gasoline, diesel, gas turbine, rotary combustion or steam.
High performance speedboats can reach speeds of over 50 knots.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|title=Boat International|last=Lardy|first=Kate|date=2018}}</ref> Their high speed and performance can be attributed to their hull technology and powerful engine. With a more powerful and heavier engine, an appropriate hull shape is needed.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Annati|first=Massimo|date=2007|title=When Speed Matters|journal=Military Technology|volume=2007|pages=123–130}}</ref> High performance boats include yachts, HSIC (high speed interceptor craft) and racing powerboats.▼
▲High performance speedboats can reach speeds of over 50 knots.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|title=Boat International|last=Lardy|first=Kate|date=2018}}</ref> Their high speed and performance can be attributed to their hull technology and
A V-type hull helps a boat cut through the water. A deep V-hull helps keep the boat's bow down at low speeds, improving visibility. V-hulls also improve a boat's speed and maneuvering capabilities. They stabilize a boat in rough conditions.
==History==
{{expand section|more on the motor boat’s history following the section’s sudden stop in 1933|date=March 2024}}
===Invention===
[[File:Stuttgart-cannstatt-daimler-boot-neckar-1886.jpg|thumb|Model of the first motor boat constructed by [[Gottlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] in 1886]]
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The earliest boat to be powered by a petrol engine was tested on the [[Neckar]] River by [[Gottlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] in 1886, when they tested their new "longcase clock" engine. It had been constructed in the former greenhouse (converted into a workshop) in Daimler's back yard.<ref name=DGS>{{Cite web |url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1303725-1-1303019-1-0-0-0-0-1-11694-614318-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1302091862634 |title=Daimler AG homepage on Daimler Gedächtnis Stätte in English |access-date=2011-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821024011/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1303725-1-1303019-1-0-0-0-0-1-11694-614318-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1302091862634 |archive-date=2011-08-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://media.daimler.com/marsMediaSite/en/instance/print.xhtml?oid=9248110&ls=L3NlYXJjaHJlc3VsdC9zZWFyY2hyZXN1bHQueGh0bWw_c2VhcmNoU3RyaW5nPUdvdHRsaWViK0RhaW1sZXIrdW5kK1dpbGhlbG0rTWF5YmFjaCtlcnN0ZStuZWNrYXImc2VhcmNoSWQ9MyZzZWFyY2hUeXBlPWRldGFpbGVkJmJvcmRlcnM9dHJ1ZSZyZXN1bHRJbmZvVHlwZUlkPTE3NSZ2aWV3VHlwZT10aHVtYnMmc29ydERlZmluaXRpb249UFVCTElTSEVEX0FULTImdGh1bWJTY2FsZUluZGV4PTAmcm93Q291bnRzSW5kZXg9NQ!!&rs=1#toTitle ...Kiemzelle gartenhaus...] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207043142/https://media.daimler.com/marsMediaSite/en/instance/print.xhtml?oid=9248110&ls=L3NlYXJjaHJlc3VsdC9zZWFyY2hyZXN1bHQueGh0bWw_c2VhcmNoU3RyaW5nPUdvdHRsaWViK0RhaW1sZXIrdW5kK1dpbGhlbG0rTWF5YmFjaCtlcnN0ZStuZWNrYXImc2VhcmNoSWQ9MyZzZWFyY2hUeXBlPWRldGFpbGVkJmJvcmRlcnM9dHJ1ZSZyZXN1bHRJbmZvVHlwZUlkPTE3NSZ2aWV3VHlwZT10aHVtYnMmc29ydERlZmluaXRpb249UFVCTElTSEVEX0FULTImdGh1bWJTY2FsZUluZGV4PTAmcm93Q291bnRzSW5kZXg9NQ%21%21&rs=1#toTitle |date=2020-12-07 }} ''media.daimler.com'', accessed 17 November 2019</ref> The first public display took place on the Waldsee in Cannstatt, today a suburb of [[Stuttgart]], at the end of that year.<ref name=Reuss>Reuß, H.-J. ''Automobil und Motorschiff haben dieselben Wurzeln''. In: ''Hansa'', issue 2/2011, p. 20–21, Schiffahrts-Verlag Hansa, Hamburg 2011, {{ISSN|0017-7504}}</ref> The engine of this boat had a single [[Cylinder (engine)|cylinder]] of 1 [[horse power]]. Daimler's second [[Launch (boat)|launch]] in 1887 had a second cylinder positioned at an angle of 15 degrees to the first one, and was known as the "V-type".
The first successful motor boat was designed by the [[Priestman Brothers]] in [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], England, under the direction of [[William Dent Priestman]]. The company began trials of their first motorboat in 1888.<ref name="sciencemuseum">{{Cite web|title=Catalogue of the naval and marine engineering collection in the London Science museum|publisher=[[Her Majesty's Stationery Office]]|url=http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/science-museum-great-britain/catalogue-of-the-naval-and-marine-engineering-span-classsearchtermspan-cla-hci/page-15-catalogue-of-the-naval-and-marine-engineering-span-classsearchtermspan-cla-hci.shtml|access-date=2014-07-15|archive-date=2020-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207043142/https://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/science-museum-great-britain/catalogue-of-the-naval-and-marine-engineering-span-classsearchtermspan-cla-hci/page-15-catalogue-of-the-naval-and-marine-engineering-span-classsearchtermspan-cla-hci.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> The engine was powered with [[kerosene]] and used an innovative high-tension (high voltage) ignition system. The company was the first to begin large scale production of the motor boat, and by 1890, Priestman's boats were successfully being used for towing goods along canals.<ref name="aau">{{Cite web|url=http://lms.aau.ac.id/library/ebook/R_137_99_H%20%282%29/files/res/downloads/download_0436.pdf|title=Motorboat|access-date=2014-07-15|archive-date=2014-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718053401/http://lms.aau.ac.id/library/ebook/R_137_99_H%20%282%29/files/res/downloads/download_0436.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Another early pioneer was Mr. J. D. Roots, who in 1891 fitted a launch with an internal combustion engine and operated a [[ferry]] service between [[London Borough of Richmond upon Thames|Richmond]] and [[Wandsworth]] along the [[River Thames]] during the seasons of 1891 and 1892.
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Interest in fast motorboats grew rapidly in the early years of the 20th century. The Marine Motor Association was formed in 1903 as an offshoot of the [[Royal Automobile Club]]. ''[[Motor Boat & Yachting]]'' was the first magazine to address technical developments in the field and was brought out by Temple Press, London from 1904. Large manufacturing companies, including [[Napier & Son]] and [[John I. Thornycroft & Company|Thornycroft]] began producing motorboats.<ref name="aau"/>
===Early racing===
The first motorboating competition was established by [[Alfred Harmsworth|Alfred Charles William Harmsworth]] in 1903. The [[Harmsworth Cup]] was envisioned as a contest between nations, rather than between boats or individuals. The boats were originally to be designed and built entirely by residents of the country represented, using materials and units built wholly within that country.<ref name="lesliefield">[http://www.lesliefield.com/races/1949_harmsworth_trophy_race_of_the_giants.htm 1949 Harmsworth Trophy: Detroit River, Detroit MI, July 23-August 1, 1949] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207043143/http://www.lesliefield.com/races/1949_harmsworth_trophy_race_of_the_giants.htm |date=December 7, 2020 }} ''www.lesliefield.com'', accessed 17 November 2019</ref>
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[[Image:Hacker Kitty Hawk 1911.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hacker-Craft|John Hacker]]'s 1911 ''Kitty Hawk'' was the fastest boat in the world between 1911 and 1915]]
An article in the ''Cork Constitution'' on 13 July reported "A large number of spectators viewed the first mile from the promenade of the Yacht Club, and at Cork several thousand people collected at both sides of the river to see the finishes."<ref name="Field 1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.lesliefield.com/other_history/from_rowboats_to_roostertails.htm |title=Hydroplane History, ''From Rowboats to Roostertails – A Brief History of Unlimited Hydroplane Racing'', [1986] by Fred Farley, APBA Unlimited Historian |access-date=2014-07-15 |archive-date=2015-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227192713/http://www.lesliefield.com/other_history/from_rowboats_to_roostertails.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Field 2">{{Cite web |url=http://www.lesliefield.com/personalities/roy_duby_looks_back_25_years.htm |title=Hydroplane History – ''Duby Looks Back 25 Years'' [1987], One speed record that still stands by Larry Paladino |access-date=2014-07-15 |archive-date=2014-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031715/http://www.lesliefield.com/personalities/roy_duby_looks_back_25_years.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Fastest Girl on Water">{{Cite web |url=http://scarfandgoggles.wordpress.com/tag/dorothy-levitt/ |title=Scarf and Goggles, Dorothy Levitt – The Fastest Girl on Water. Profile of Levitt's Motor Yachting races. |access-date=2014-07-15 |archive-date=2016-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313073052/https://scarfandgoggles.wordpress.com/tag/dorothy-levitt/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Levitt was then commanded to the [[HMY Britannia (Royal Cutter Yacht)|Royal yacht]] of [[King Edward VII]] where he congratulated her on her pluck and skill, and they discussed the performance of the motorboat and its potential for British government despatch work.<ref name="PIP Nov 1906">''[[The Penny Illustrated Paper and Illustrated Times]]'' (London, England), Saturday, November 17, 1906; pg. 309; Issue 2373. The Sensational Adventures of Miss Dorothy Levitt, - Champion Lady Motorist of the World. Available at British Library, British Newspapers, [http://newspapers11.bl.uk/blcs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021222650/http://newspapers11.bl.uk/blcs/
[[France]] won the race in 1904, and the boat ''Napier II'' set a new world [[water speed record]] for a mile at almost 30 [[knot (unit)|knot]]s (56 km/h), winning the race in 1905.
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== Hull type ==
==Gallery==
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