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| caption = [[Pagoda (coin)|Pagoda]] of Harihara I
| succession = [[Vijayanagara Emperor]]
| reign = 18 April 1336<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/icp01/chapter/the-vijayanagara-empire/#|last=Reddy|first=P. Bhaskar|title=The Vijayanagara Empire}}</ref> – 20 November 1356<ref>{{Cite book |url= https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145214?seq=6|last=Lakshmi|first=Kumari Jhansi|date=1958|title=THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE SANGAMA DYNASTY}}</ref>
| predecessor = ''Position established'' <br/>
([[Veera Ballala III]] as [[Hoysala]]
| successor = [[Bukka Raya I]]
| birth_date = 1306 CE
| birth_place = [[Deccan Plateau]]
| death_date = 20 November 1356 CE (aged 50)
| death_place = [[Vijayanagar]], [[Vijayanagara Empire]] <br/> (modern day [[Hampi]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]])
| dynasty =
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| mother = Maravve Nayakiti
| religion = [[Hinduism]] (1306 - 1323; 1334 - 1356)<br/>
[[Sunni Islam]] (1323 - 1334)<ref>{{cite
|jstor=3632419 |last1=Subrahmanyam |first1=Sanjay |journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient |date=27 September 1998 |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=382–416 }}</ref><ref>{{cite
|jstor=2646526 |last1=Wagoner |first1=Phillip B. |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |date=27 September 1996 |volume=55 |issue=4 |pages=851–880 |doi=10.2307/2646526 }}</ref>
}}
{{Vijayanagara empire}}'''Harihara I''', also called '''Hakka''' and '''Vira Harihara I''', was the founder of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]], in present-day [[Karnataka]], India, which he ruled from 1336 to 1356 CE.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=103–106}}</ref> He and his successors formed the [[Sangama Dynasty|Sangama dynasty]], the first of four dynasties to rule the empire. He was the eldest son of [[Bhavana Sangama]],<ref name="sen2"/> the chieftain of a
The early life of Hakka and his brother [[Bukka Raya I|Bukka]] is relatively unknown and most accounts are based on
Ballappa Dandanayaka, a nephew of the [[Hoysala Kingdom|Hoysala]] king [[Veera Ballala III]], had married a daughter of Harihara.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.karnataka.gov.in/gazetteer/GazetteerMandya2009/Chapter-2.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-10-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531200248/http://www.karnataka.gov.in/gazetteer/GazetteerMandya2009/Chapter-2.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2011}}</ref> This shows that Harihara was associated with the Hoysala Court. Immediately after coming to power, he built a fort at [[Barkur]]u, on the west coast of present-day Karnataka. It appears from inscriptions that he was administering the northern parts of present-day [[Karnataka]] from his seat at [[Gooty Fort|Gooty]] (Gutti), [[Anantapur district|Ananthpur district]] in 1339. He initially controlled the northern portions of the [[Hoysala Kingdom]] before taking full control over its entire range after the death of Hoysala [[Veera Ballala III]] in 1343. [[Kannada]] inscriptions of his time call him ''Karnataka Vidya Vilas'' ("master of great knowledge and skills"), ''Bhashege tappuva rayara ganda'' ("punisher of those feudatories who don't keep their promise"), ''and Arirayavibhada'' ("fire to enemy kings"). Among his brothers, Kampana governed the [[Nellore|Nellur]] region, Muddppa administered the [[Mulbagal|Mulabagalu]] region, Marappa oversaw [[Chandragutti]] and Bukka Raya was his second in command.
His initial military exploits established his control over the valley of [[Tungabhadra River]], and gradually he expanded his control to certain regions of [[Konkan]] and [[Malabar Coast]]. By that time, the [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysala]] ruler [[Veera Ballala III]] had died fighting the [[Madurai Sultanate|Sultan of Madurai]], and the vacuum thus created allowed Harihara to emerge as a [[Sovereignty|sovereign]] power with all the Hoysala territories under his rule.▼
▲His initial military exploits established his control over the valley of [[Tungabhadra River]], and gradually he expanded his control to certain regions of [[Konkan]] and [[Malabar Coast]]. By that time, the [[Hoysala
An inscription dated 1346 regarding a grant to the [[Sringeri matha]] describes Harihara I as the ruler of "whole country between the [[Bay of Bengal|eastern]] and the [[Arabian Sea|western seas]]" and describes ''Vidya Nagara'' (that is, the city of learning) as his capital.
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Under the nayankara system, military commanders were appointed 'nayaka' (local governor) and granted income from estates for the purpose of raising troops and maintain control over local chiefs.<ref>{{cite book|author=John S. Bowman|title=Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYoHOqC7Yx4C|year=2000|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-50004-3}}</ref>
In order to increase the resources of the state, he forced the farmers to cut down forests and bring this land under cultivation. The kingdom was divided into sthalas, nadus and simas. A number of officers were appointed to run the administration and collect the revenues.<ref
==References==
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[[Category:14th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Converts to Hinduism from Islam]]
[[Category:Vijayanagara emperors]]
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