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| name = Chicago Transit Authority
| type = studio
| artist = [[Chicago (band)|Chicago
| cover = CTA album.jpg
| caption = Back cover of LP
| alt =
| released = {{Start date|1969|04|28}}
| recorded = January 27–30, 1969
| venue =
| studio = [[CBS 30th Street Studio|CBS 30th Street]],
| genre = {{hlist|[[Jazz fusion#Jazz rock|Jazz rock]]|[[progressive rock]]<ref name="Hoffmann2004">{{cite book |author=Frank Hoffmann |title=Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FOSAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA374 |date=12 November 2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-94950-1 |pages=374– }}</ref>|[[blues rock]]}}
| length = 76:32
| label = [[Columbia Records|Columbia
| producer = [[James William Guercio]]
| prev_title =
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}}
'''''Chicago Transit Authority''''' is the debut studio album by the American [[rock music|rock]] band [[Chicago (band)|Chicago]], known at the time of release as Chicago Transit Authority.
==History==
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==Musical style, writing, composition==
Keyboardist [[Robert Lamm]], guitarist [[Terry Kath]] and bassist [[Peter Cetera]] shared lead vocals, while [[James Pankow]], [[Lee Loughnane]] and [[Walter Parazaider]] handled all brass and woodwinds ([[trombone]], [[trumpet]] and [[saxophone]], [[clarinet]] and [[flute]] respectively) and [[Danny Seraphine]] played drums. (Parazaider is pictured in the album package playing flute, but doesn't actually play it on the album.) Band members added percussion during sections of a song when they weren't playing their main instrument. For example, on "I'm a Man", Pankow was on cowbell, Parazaider on tambourine, and Loughnane on claves.<ref name="Seraphine 2011 86"/> Lamm, Kath and Pankow were the band's main composers at this time. According to the band's producer, James William Guercio, [[Jimi Hendrix]] was an avowed fan of Kath's playing.<ref name=Ruhlmannp8>{{cite AV media notes |title=Chicago Group Portrait (Box Set) |year=1991 |url=http://aln3.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Box_Set_-_Page_8.html |page=8 |access-date=January 18, 2019 |first=William James |last=Ruhlmann |format=CD booklet archived online |publisher=Columbia Records |location=New York City |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20171112155002/http://aln3.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Box_Set_-_Page_4.html |archive-date=November 12, 2017 |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref name="Chicago Story" /> According to the album's original liner notes, the solo performance of Kath on "Free Form Guitar" was created without the use of any pedals.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Transit.html|title=Chicago Transit|website=aln2.albumlinernotes|access-date=January 19, 2019|archive-date=January 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119230810/http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Transit.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In a nod to Hendrix's guitar expressionism (Hendrix most notably used wah and fuzz pedals),{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} Kath instead plugged directly into his studio amplifier and improvised the entire track in one take for the purpose of pure tone.<ref name=":1" />
The album is one of two not to have any songwriting contributions from Cetera during his tenure in the band, the other being ''[[Chicago V]]''. He started writing songs with the second album, ''[[Chicago (album)|Chicago]]''.<ref name=Ruhlmannp4>{{cite AV media notes|title= Chicago Group Portrait (Box Set)|year= 1991|url= http://aln3.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Box_Set_-_Page_4.html|page= 4|access-date= January 17, 2019|first= William James|last= Ruhlmann|format= CD booklet archived online|publisher= Columbia Records|location= New York City, NY|url-status= live|archive-url= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20171112155002/http://aln3.albumlinernotes.com/Chicago_Box_Set_-_Page_4.html|archive-date= November 12, 2017|df= mdy-all}}</ref>
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Because of dealings between the recording company and the group's producer, James William Guercio, the group's studio time was limited to only five days of basic tracking and five days of overdubbing by the recording company.<ref name=Ruhlmannp2 /><ref name="Chicago Story" /> According to Guercio, the album was "done 8-track."<ref>{{cite AV media |people=Guercio, James William (interviewee), Sinclair, Michelle Kath (director) |date=2016 |title=The Terry Kath Experience |type=documentary film |time=18:36}}</ref>
According to band member
== Artwork ==
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{{Track listing
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| headline = Side
| title1 = Introduction
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{{Track listing
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| headline = Side
| title1 = [[Questions 67 and 68]]
| writer1 = Lamm
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{{Track listing
| headline = Side
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| title1 = Free Form Guitar
| writer1 = Kath
| extra1 =
| length1 = 6:47
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{{Track listing
| headline = Side
| extra_column = Lead vocals
| title1 = [[The whole world is watching|Prologue, August 29, 1968]]
| writer1 = [[James William Guercio]]
| extra1 =
| length1 = 0:58
| title2 = Someday (August 29, 1968)
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| title3 = Liberation
| writer3 = Pankow
| extra3 = Kath
| length3 = 14:38
| all_writing =
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* [[Danny Seraphine]] – drums, percussion
=== Production ===
* [[James William Guercio]] – producer, original liner notes
* [[Fred Catero]] – engineer
* Nick Fasciano – artwork
* Lee Loughnane – A&R, project supervisor
* David McLees – A&R, project supervisor
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==Charts==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
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{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (1969-1971)
! scope="col"| Position
|-
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| 23
|-
{{album chart|
|-
{{album chart|
|-
{{album chart|
|-
{{album chart|
|-▼
{{album chart|Billboard200|17|artist=Chicago|rowheader=true|access-date=June 20, 2024}}
|}
{{col-2}}
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! scope="col"| Position
|-
! scope="row"| US ''[[Billboard
| 23
|}▼
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (1971)
! scope="col"| Position
|-
! scope="row"| US ''[[Billboard
| 15
|}
{{col-end}}
▲|-
▲|}
==Certifications==
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{{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1969|region=United States|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=1986|artist=Chicago|title=Chicago Transit Authority|access-date=June 21, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=true}}
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
|