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|image_size = 200
|caption = Emblem of the 2016 Summer Olympics{{Efn|The official logo of the 2016 Summer Olympics was made in 3D design, made by Brazilian design company Tàtil Design; it was inspired by Brazil's rich history of festivals and its colorful people; it also symbolizes energy, passion and unity. The selected colours derived from the city's environment, symbolises the sun and Brazil's happy warm and nature.}}
|host_city =
|motto = ''A New World''<br />({{lang-pt|Um mundo novo}})
|nations = 207 (including [[Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2016 Summer Olympics|IOA]] and [[Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics|EOR]] teams)<ref name="olympic.org/rio-2016" />
|athletes = 11,180 (6,146 men, 5,034 women)<ref name="olympic.org/rio-2016">{{Cite web |url=http://rio2016.com/en/the-games/olympic/sports/rugby |title=Rio 2016 Summer Olympics – Results and Video Highlights |website=Rio2016.com |publisher=[[Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games]] |date=17 April 2018 |access-date=4 August 2017 |archive-date=1 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801090354/http://rio2016.com/en/the-games/olympic/sports/rugby |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|events = 306 in 28 [[Olympic sports|sports]] (
|opening = 5 August 2016
|closing = 21 August 2016
|opened_by = [[Vice President of Brazil|Vice President]] [[Michel Temer]]{{efn|As acting president, discharging the powers and duties of the office of [[President of Brazil|President of the Federative Republic of Brazil]] in place of incumbent President [[Dilma Rousseff]], who was suspended from her duties as President during [[Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff|her impeachment trial]].{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}}}
|cauldron = [[Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima]]
|stadium = [[Maracanã Stadium|Estadio Maracanã]]
|summer_prev = [[2012 Summer Olympics|London 2012]]
|summer_next = [[2020 Summer Olympics|Tokyo 2020]]
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{{2016 Summer Olympics}}
The '''2016 Summer Olympics''' ({{lang-pt|Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016}}),{{efn|The [[Brazilian Portuguese]] pronunciation is {{IPA-pt|ˈʒɔɡuz oˈlĩpikuz dʒi veˈɾɐ̃w dʒi ˈdojz ˈmiw i dʒizeˈsejs|}}, in Brazil's standard pronunciation.}} officially the '''Games of the XXXI Olympiad''' ({{lang-pt|Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada}}) and officially branded as '''Rio 2016''', were an international [[multi-sport event]] held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]], with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August. Rio de Janeiro was announced as the host city at the [[121st IOC Session]] in [[Copenhagen]], Denmark, on 2 October 2009.
11,238 athletes from 207 nations took part in the 2016 Games, including first-time entrants [[Kosovo at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Kosovo]], [[South Sudan at the 2016 Summer Olympics|South Sudan]], and the [[Refugee Olympic Team at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Refugee Olympic Team]].<ref name="Olympic Athletes">{{Cite web |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athletes |title=Olympic Athletes |website=Rio2016.com |publisher=Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games |access-date=21 August 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821031645/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athletes |archive-date=21 August 2016}}</ref><ref name="Rio2016">{{cite web |url=http://rio2016olympicswiki.com/about-rio-2016-summer-olympics/ |title=About Rio 2016 Summer Olympics |work=Rio 2016 Olympics Wiki |access-date=31 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908075307/http://rio2016olympicswiki.com/about-rio-2016-summer-olympics/ |archive-date=8 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> With 306 sets of medals, the Games featured 28 [[Olympic sports]], including [[rugby sevens]] and [[golf]], which were added to the Olympic program in 2009. These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city and at five separate venues in the Brazilian cities of [[São Paulo]], [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], [[Brasília]], and [[Manaus]].
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These were the first [[Olympic Games]] to be held in [[South America]],<ref name="BBC Sport OC" /> as well as the first to be held in a [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries|Portuguese-speaking country]], the first summer edition to be held entirely in the [[Climate of Brazil|host country's winter season]], the first since [[1968 Summer Olympics|1968]] to be held in [[Latin America]] (the second being [[2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] in [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina), and the first since [[2000 Summer Olympics|2000]] to be held in the [[Southern Hemisphere]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.livescience.com/43084-winter-olympics-northern-hemisphere.html |title=Why Winter Olympics Bypass the Southern Hemisphere |first=Laura Poppick 05 |last=February 2014 |website=livescience.com |date=5 February 2014 |access-date=30 March 2020 |archive-date=23 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423101751/https://www.livescience.com/43084-winter-olympics-northern-hemisphere.html |url-status=live}}</ref> These were also the first Summer Olympics to take place under the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC) presidency of [[Thomas Bach]].<ref name="Rio2016"/>
The [[United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics|United States]] topped the [[2016 Summer Olympics medal table|medal table]], winning the most gold medals (46) and the highest number of medals overall (121); the
==Bidding process==
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As well as the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange and Maracanã and in Rio de Janeiro, football matches took place at five venues in the cities of [[São Paulo]], [[Belo Horizonte]], and the more distant [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], [[Brasília]] and [[Manaus]].
<gallery mode="packed" heights="
Image:Maracana_internal_view_april_2013.jpg|[[Maracanã Stadium]]<br />[[Rio de Janeiro]], RJ
Image:Olympic_Stadium_(Engenhão),_Rio_de_Janeiro,_Brazil.jpg|[[Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos|Olympic Stadium]] <br /> [[Rio de Janeiro]], RJ
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{{main|2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony|2016 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations}}
[[File:2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony 1035301-05082016- v9a2048 04.08.16.jpg|thumb|A scene from the [[2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony|opening ceremony]]]]
The opening ceremony took place at [[
The ceremony included the inaugural presentation of the [[Olympic Laurel]], an honor bestowed by the IOC on those that have made "significant achievements in education, culture, development and peace through sport"; the trophy was awarded to Kenyan athlete [[Kipchoge Keino]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Kip Keino to receive Olympic Laurel distinction |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/kip-keino-to-receive-olympic-laurel-distinction |date=4 August 2016 |website=olympic.org |publisher=[[International Olympic Committee|IOC]] |access-date=15 August 2016 |archive-date=25 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825182928/https://www.olympic.org/news/kip-keino-to-receive-olympic-laurel-distinction |url-status=live}}</ref> The Games were officially opened by the [[acting president]] of Brazil, [[Michel Temer]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/rio-2016/2016/08/05/no-introduction-brazil-president-michel-temer/88319094/ |title=No introduction for Brazil's president at start of opening ceremony |first=Rachel |last=Axon |newspaper=USA Today |date=6 August 2016 |access-date=6 August 2016 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224160834/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/rio-2016/2016/08/05/no-introduction-brazil-president-michel-temer/88319094/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
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[[Image:Golfe Rio 2016.jpg|thumb|[[Olympic golf course (Rio de Janeiro)|Olympic Golf Course]]]]
The 2016 Summer Olympic program featured 28 sports encompassing 306 events. The number of events in each of 42 discipline is noted in parentheses.
{|class="wikitable"
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*Aquatics
**{{GamesSport|Diving|Events=8|Format=d}}
**{{GamesSport|
**{{GamesSport|Synchronized swimming|Events=2|Format=d}}
**{{GamesSport|Water polo|Events=2|Format=d}}
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*{{GamesSport|Rowing|Events=14|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Rugby sevens|Events=2|Format=d}}
▲*{{GamesSport|Sailing|Events=10|Format=d}}
{{Col-4-of-4}}
*{{GamesSport|Sailing|Events=10|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Shooting|Events=15|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Table tennis|Events=4|Format=d}}
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The 2016 Summer Olympics were the first Games in which [[Kosovo at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Kosovo]] and [[South Sudan at the 2016 Summer Olympics|South Sudan]] were eligible to participate. Bulgarian and Russian weightlifters were banned from Rio Olympics for numerous anti-doping violations.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bulgarian weightlifters banned from Rio Olympics after CAS rejects appeal against ban for doping violations |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-30/cas-rejects-bulgarias-appeal-against-olympic-weightlifting-ban/7126654 |website=[[ABC News (Australia)|abc.net.au]] |agency=Reuters |date=29 January 2016 |access-date=26 July 2016 |archive-date=6 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106155225/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-30/cas-rejects-bulgarias-appeal-against-olympic-weightlifting-ban/7126654 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.iwf.net/2016/06/22/strong-statement-by-the-iwf-executive-board/ |title=Strong statement by the IWF Executive Board |work=[[International Weightlifting Federation|IWF]] |date=22 June 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-date=10 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910163615/http://www.iwf.net/2016/06/22/strong-statement-by-the-iwf-executive-board/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Kuwait]] was banned in October 2015 for the second time in five years over government interference in the country's Olympic committee. Kuwaiti athletes instead participated as "Independent Olympic Athletes."<ref>{{cite web |title=Olympics-Kuwait ban remains in force as ties with IOC deteriorate |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/olympics-kuwait-ban-remains-force-ties-ioc-deteriorate-153651334--spt.html |website=Yahoo Sports |date=9 December 2015 |access-date=2 January 2016 |archive-date=8 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108195621/http://sports.yahoo.com/news/olympics-kuwait-ban-remains-force-ties-ioc-deteriorate-153651334--spt.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{
[[File:2016 Summer Olympics team numbers.svg|thumb|center|upright=2.8|Country by team size]]
[[File:2016 Summer Olympic games countries.svg|thumb|center|upright=2.8|Participating countries color code<br /><span style="color:#1e90ff;">Blue</span> = Participated for the first time in 2016.<br />
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* {{flagIOC|UKR|2016 Summer|204}}
* {{flagIOC|UAE|2016 Summer|12}}
* {{flagIOC|USA|2016 Summer|
* {{flagIOC|URU|2016 Summer|17}}
* {{flagIOC|UZB|2016 Summer|70}}
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{|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable" style="border:0;"
|-
! [[List of IOC country codes|IOC Letter Code]]
! Country
! Athletes
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=== Cost ===
[[File:Centro_Olímpico_de_Deodoro.jpg|thumb|[[Deodoro Olympic Whitewater Stadium]]]]
The Oxford Olympics Study 2016 estimated the out-turn cost of the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics at US$4.6 billion in 2015-dollars. This figure included sports-related costs, that is, (i) ''operational costs'' incurred by the organizing committee to stage the Games, of which the largest components were technology, transportation, workforce, and administration costs, while other operational costs included security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and (ii) ''direct capital costs'' incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast center, and media and press center, which were required to host the Games.<ref name="cost">{{Cite book |ssrn=2804554 |title=The Oxford Olympics Study 2016: Cost and Cost Overrun at the Games |last1=Flyvbjerg |first1=Bent |last2=Stewart |first2=Allison |last3=Budzier |first3=Alexander |publisher=Saïd Business School Working Papers (Oxford: University of Oxford) |year=2016 |location=Oxford |pages=18–20|doi=10.2139/ssrn.2804554 |arxiv=1607.04484 }}</ref>
Indirect capital costs were not included, such as for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, for hotel upgrades, or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The Rio Olympics' cost of US$4.6 billion compares with costs of US$40–44 billion for [[2008 Summer Olympics|Beijing 2008]] and US$51 billion for [[2014 Winter Olympics|Sochi 2014]], the two most expensive Olympics in history. The average cost of the Summer Games since 1960 is US$5.2 billion.<ref name="cost"/>
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=== Security ===
{{
[[File:Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB) faz treinamento de interceptação aérea para os Jogos Olímpicos de 2016.jpg|thumb|[[Northrop F-5|F-5EM Tiger II]] fighter jet of the [[Brazilian Air Force]] during an air intercept training for Rio 2016]]
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