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|en_name=Rostov Oblast
|ru_name=Ростовская область
|image_map=Map
|coordinates = {{coord|47|52|N|41|11|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}}
|image_coa=Coat of arms of Rostov Oblast.svg
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|anthem=[[Vskolykhnulsya, Vzvolnovalsya Pravoslavnyy Tikhiy Don|Anthem of Rostov Oblast]] (''The Orthodox Quiet Don'')
|anthem_ref=<ref name="Anthem">Law #30-ZS</ref>{{clear}}<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:Гимн Войска Донского 'Всколыхнулся, взволновался православный Тихий Дон' (Современная версия).ogg]]}}</div>
|political_status=Oblast
|political_status_link=Oblasts of Russia
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|adm_ctr_ref=<ref name="AdmCtr">Charter of Rostov Oblast, Article 14</ref>
|pop_2021census=4,200,729
{{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
| 85.85% [[Russians]]|2.05% [[Armenians]]|0.96% [[Turkish people|Turks]]|0.62% [[Ukrainians]]|0.35% [[Romani people]]|0.34% [[Chechens]]|3.46% other|6.37% not stated}}
|pop_2021census_rank=6th
|
|
|pop_2021census_ref=<ref name="2021Census" />
|pop_latest=4254600
|pop_latest_date=January 2013
|pop_latest_ref=<ref name="2013Est">Rostov Oblast Territorial Branch of the [[Russian Federal State Statistics Service|Federal State Statistics Service]]. [http://rostov.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/rostov/resources/b55929004f725505a387af9b972d8349/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2013+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.pdf Численность населения Ростовской области на 1 января 2013 года] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812213512/http://rostov.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/rostov/resources/b55929004f725505a387af9b972d8349/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2013+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.pdf |date=August 12, 2014 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|area_km2=
|area_km2_rank=32nd
|established_date=September 13, 1937
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}}
'''Rostov Oblast''' ({{lang-rus|Росто́вская о́бласть|r=Rostovskaya oblast'|p=rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ}}) is a [[federal subjects of Russia|federal subject]] of [[Russia]] (an [[oblast]]), located in the [[Southern Federal District]]. The [[oblast]] has an area of {{convert|
==Geography==
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{{Main|Administrative divisions of Rostov Oblast}}
==History==
[[File:Excavations of Tanais (3).jpg|thumb|left|[[Tanais]], former ancient Greek city and medieval Italian trading city]]
Historically, at various times, the territory was ruled either entirely or partly by [[Scythia]], [[ancient Greeks]], [[Old Great Bulgaria]], [[Khazars]], [[Kipchaks]], Italians ([[Republic of Pisa|Pisa]],<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Taganrog|volume=26|pages=355–356}}</ref> [[Republic of Venice|Venice]], [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]])<ref name=EB1911>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Azov|volume=3}}</ref> the [[Mongol Empire]], the [[Crimean Khanate]], the [[Ottoman Empire]],<ref name=EB1911/> [[Russian Empire|Russia]] and [[Soviet Ukraine]]. The ancient Greek city of [[Tanais]] is located in the province.
The Rostov Oblast was formed in 1937 out of the [[Azov-Black Sea Krai]]. During [[World War II]], it was occupied by [[Nazi Germany]] in 1941–1943.
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations|7=1959|8=3311747|9=1970|10=3831262|11=1979|12=4080647|13=1989|14=4308654|15=2002|16=4404013|17=2010|18=4277976|19=2021|20=4200729|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}Population: {{ru-census|p2021=4,200,729|p2010=4,277,976|p2002=4,404,013|p1989=4,308,654}}
[[File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -Rostov Oblast.png|thumb|
{{clear|left}}
'''Vital statistics for 2022:'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022 |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302093910/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022_t1_2.xlsx |archive-date=2 March 2023 |accessdate=21 February 2023 |website=ROSSTAT}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022 |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302093910/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022_t1_3.xlsx |archive-date=2 March 2023 |accessdate=21 February 2023 |website=ROSSTAT}}</ref>
*Births:
*Deaths: 60,775 (14.7 per 1,000)
'''Total fertility rate (2022):'''<ref name="gks.ru-tfr">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/SMD_7.1.xlsx|format=XLSX|script-title=ru:Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости|trans-title=Total fertility rate|language=ru|work=[[Russian Federal State Statistics Service]]|access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810203543/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/SMD_7.1.xlsx|url-status=dead}}</ref> <br />
1.25 children per woman
'''Life expectancy (2021):'''<ref name="rosstat">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 |title=Демографический ежегодник России |publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service of Russia]] (Rosstat) |access-date=2022-06-01 |language=ru |trans-title=The Demographic Yearbook of Russia}}</ref> <br />
Total — 69.79 years (male — 65.80, female — 73.67)
=== Ethnic groups ===
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According to a 2012 survey<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/> 49.5% of the population of Rostov Oblast adheres to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]], 6% are [[nondenominational Christianity|unaffiliated]] generic [[Christians]], 1% are either Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to church or are members of other (non-Russian) Orthodox bodies, 1% are [[Muslim]]s, and 1% are adherents of the [[Slavic native faith]] (Rodnovery) movement. In addition, 26% of the population declares to be "[[spiritual but not religious]]", 12% is [[atheism|atheist]], and 3.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/>[[File:RND-Pokrovskaya cerkva.jpg|thumb|upright|left |[[Church of the Intercession, Rostov-on-Don]]]]
The [[Novocherkassk Cathedral|Ascension Cathedral]] is the largest [[Russian Orthodox]] church in [[Novocherkassk]], Rostov Oblast, [[Russia]]. It used to be one of the largest churches of the [[Russian Empire]] and the main church of the [[Don Host
The five-domed building, which stands 75 meters tall, is a notable example of Russian [[Neo-Byzantine architecture]]. It was erected between 1891 and 1904 on the site of an earlier church. The first church on the site was built to [[Luigi Rusca]]'s designs. It collapsed in 1846. A replacement church collapsed 17 years later.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rostoveparhia.ru/istorija/kafedralnye-sobory/voznesenskii-kafedralnyi-sobor-g-novocherkassk-|title=История - Официальный сайт Ростовской и Новочеркасской епархии|website=rostoveparhia.ru}}</ref>
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==Culture==
{{See also|Music in Rostov Oblast|Don Cossacks}}
===Attractions===
[[File:Rostov-on-Don, State Musical Theater (Opera House), Russia.jpg|right|thumb| Rostov State Musical Theater]]
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===Theatres===
[[File:
* Rostov academic drama theatre, named after Maxim Gorky.
* [[Rostov State Musical Theater]]. The theater opened in September 1999, and is the successor to the 1919 Rostov Musical Comedy Theater, one of the best operetta theaters in the Soviet Union.
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<gallery widths="150" heights="100">
File:Rostov Obl Adm.JPG|alt=|[[House of Soviets (Rostov-on-Don)|Rostov Oblast Government building]]
File:Teatr Gorkogo.jpg|alt=|Rostov Academic Drama Theatre named after Maxim Gorky
File:Раздорские склоны.jpg|alt=|Steppe of the Rostov Oblast in the [[Ust-Donetsky District]] belongs to the [[Pontic–Caspian steppe|Pontic-Caspian steppe]]
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File:Merzhanovo, Sea of Azov, Taganrog Bay, Russia.jpg|The coast of the Sea of Azov in Taganrog Bay
File:Taganport.jpg|alt=|The Port of Taganrog
File:Свято — троицкая церковь.JPG|[[Holy Trinity Church, Bolshaya Martynovka]]
File:RR5514-0043R.png|alt=|Reverse side of 2007 commemorative coin
</gallery>
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==External links==
{{Commons category|Rostov Oblast}}
{{Sister project links|auto=y}}
*[http://www.donland.ru/ Official website of Rostov Oblast] {{in lang|ru}}
*[http://eng.russ-yug.ru/section/rostov-on-don/ Russian South]. News and events of Rostov Oblast
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