Lviv Polytechnic: Difference between revisions

{{short description|ScientificPublic university in Lviv, Ukraine}}

| name = Lviv Polytechnic National University

| image_name = [[File:Nulp logo ukr.jpg|280px]]svg

|image_size image_upright = 170px.7

| caption = Lviv Polytechnic [[coat of arms]]

| latin_name =

| motto = ''Litteris et artibus'' ([[Latin]])

| mottoeng =

| established = {{start date and age|1816}} <small>(as ''Technical Academy'')</small>

| type = [[public university|Public]]

| endowment =

| rector = Bobalo Yuriy Yaroslavovich

| vice_chancellor =

| students = 35,000

| undergrad =

| postgrad =

| city = [[Lviv]]

| state = [[Lviv Oblast]]

| country = [[Ukraine]]

| colours =

| website = {{URL|http://www.lp.edu.ua}}

| affiliations = European University Association, Association of Ukrainian Universities

[[Image:46-101-0041Львівська Lvivполітехніка Bandery 12 RB1.jpg|thumb|Lviv Polytechnic National University]]

'''Lviv Polytechnic National University''' ({{lang-ua|Націона́льний університе́т «Льві́вська політе́хніка»}}) is thea largest scientific[[public university]] in [[Lviv]], [[Ukraine]]. SinceIt itswas foundationfounded in 1816,.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dyvys.info/2016/07/28/lvivska-politehnika-propustyla-svoye/|title=Львівська політехніка пропустила своє 200-річчя|language=uk|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref> it has been one of the most important centres of science and technological development in [[Central Europe]]. In the [[Second Polish Republic|interbellum period]], the Polytechnic was one of the most important technical colleges in Poland, together with the [[Warsaw Polytechnic]]. In 2020, Lviv Polytechnic was ranked globally among top 1000 universities according to The Times Higher Education.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://life.pravda.com.ua/society/2019/09/12/238199/|title=6 українських вишів у світовому рейтингу університетів. СПИСОК|work=Українська правда _Життя|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref> As for 2019, there were approximately 35,000 students in the university.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zaxid.net/yuriya_bobala_vtretye_pereobrali_rektorom_lvivskoyi_politehniki_n1483704|title=Юрія Бобала втретє обрали ректором "Львівської політехніки"|last=Zaxid.net|website=ZAXID.NET|language=uk|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref>

The history of the Lviv Polytechnic National University begins during the [[Austrian Empire]], and extends through the [[Second Polish Republic]], the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] Occupation, the [[Soviet Union]], and into independent [[Ukraine]].

On 7 March 7, 1816 , the TsisarImperial-Royal Real School was opened in Lemberg (Lviv). A technical school was established with the help of the newly introduced local industrial tax. In the curricula of the RoyallImperial-Royal School, the main focus was assigned to the subjects of the natural-mathematical cycle, drawing, drawing and the study of new [[modern languageslanguage]]s. The royal-school educational process was based on German educational programs that were adapted to local requirements. The newly created Royal School was housed in a beautiful building at number 20 on the then-current PekarskaPiekarska Street (now Virmenska).

In 1825, according to the Royal Decree of the Austrian [[Franz Joseph I of Austria|Emperor Franz I]], the three-level TsissarImperial-Royal Real School was reorganised into the TsissarImperial-Royal School of Technical Sciences and Trade in Lviv.

In 1835, the School of Technical Sciences and Trade turned into the TisarImperial-Royal Real-Trade Academy in Lviv. Here in 1841 the technical faculty was opened.

In 1844, in the house of DarovskogoDarowski, on the present Armenian street, 2, the TsisarsImperial-Royal Technical Academy was opened in Lviv with technical and trade departments (faculties). It was one of the first academic technical schools in Europe and the first in Ukraine. In 1877, at the start of a new academic year, under the leadership of the new rector [[Julian Zachariewicz]], construction began of a new building to the academy (in the present [[Stepan Bandera street]]). Julian Zachariewicz was also an accomplished architect, and designed this building, based on the 1820s Technical University in Vienna, and the chemical laboratory.

On 10 July 1912, [[Marie Curie|Maria Sklodowska-Curie]] delivered a lecture at the Lviv Polytechnic School, .and On on the same day, the Academic Council of Polytechnics honoured Maryshe withreceived the title of Honorary Doctor of Technical Sciences. Her name was immortalisedcommemorated on the honorary board of doctors honoris causa of Lviv Polytechnic.

Since 1921 the institution has been called "LvivPolitechnika PolytechnicLwowska", and since 1939 - Lviv Polytechnic Institute.

In June 1993 , one year before the celebration of its 150th anniversary, the Lviv Polytechnic Institute received the highest - the fourth - the level of accreditation, the status of the university and the name of the ''State University "Lviv Polytechnic"'' . In 2000 the Polytechnic received the status of a national university .

On 8 July 8, 2009 , the [[Cabinet of ministers of Ukraine|Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine]], at its meeting, granted the National University "Lviv Polytechnic" the status of a self-governing research national higher educational institution.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/713-2009-%D0%BF|title=Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 713 dated July 8, 2009|website=zakon1.rada.gov.ua|access-date=2017-09-11}}</ref>

In October 2017, the Tech StartUp School Business Innovation Center officially opened at Lviv Polytechnic National University with the aim toof facilitatefacilitating startups and innovations as well as provideproviding students with business mentoring programs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zaxid.net/lvivska_politehnika_vidkrila_vlasnu_startapshkolu_n1439959|title="Львівська політехніка" відкрила власну стартап-школу|last=Zaxid.net|website=ZAXID.NET|date=26 October 2017 |language=uk|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref>

In 1817, the [[Austrian Empire]] opened a secondary technical school in [[Lemberg]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.math.muni.cz/~sisma/English/enskoly.html|title=Technical Education in Europe}}</ref> divided into a technical school and a commercial school. However, the official change to a technical academy began in 1844, as noted in the following timeline:

* 4 November 4, 1844: The school was upgraded to the Technical Academy Lemberg. Its first director was [[Austria]]n [[Florian Schindler]], former director of the Technical College in [[Brünn]] (Brno). The building was situated at the corner of Virmenska and Teatralna streets in the building of DarovskyDarowski. The school had two departments – technical and commercial. Education lasted three years.

* November 1, November 1848: During the [[Revolutions of 1848]], the town's center was shelled by the Austrian artillery of General [[:de:William Friedrich von Hammerstein|Wilhelm Hammerstein]]. The building of the technical academy was destroyed by fire. Lectures were held in the town municipality building (3rd floor) and continued there till 1850.

* December 4, December 1850: Studies resume in the newly restored building.

* March 12, March 1872: Professor of physics [[Feliks Strzelecki]] was elected as the first rector.

* April 1, April 1874 – October 1877: Academy obtained permission to build new academic premises. Julian Zachariewicz was elected as the construction superintendent. He ordered that the facade of the building be modelled after the building of the Munich Polytechnic.

* October 7, October 1877: The first telephone conversation on the territory of the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] took place, followed by a lecture of Doctor [[Roman Gostkowski]]. The Telephone line connected the assembly hall of the main building with the premises of the Department of Technical Chemistry.

* November 15, November 1877: Inauguration of the new rector – professor of architecture Julian Zachariewicz. On the same day, consecration of newly constructed school's building took place, carried out by three Lvov's archbishops - Roman Catholic, Greek-Catholic and Armenian-Catholic and witnessed by Governor of Galicia, [[Alfred Potocki]].

* September 13, September 1880: Emperor Franz Joseph I visited the polytechnical school. During that visit he ordered [[Jan Matejko]] to depict the technical progress of mankind in 11 pictures. Now these pictures decorate the assembly hall. The Emperor signed a guest book in Polish; the book is now kept in [[Wrocław]].

* February 13, February 1894: The Polytechnic School Statute was adopted.

* 1914: As there were no limits on foreign students, in that year, students from the Russian-occupied part of Poland were some 30% of all. In that year, the school owned 11 laboratories and an astronomical station, and its library had some {{gaps|20|000}} books.

* November 1918: Students and professors of the Polytechnic take part in the [[Polish-Ukrainian war]] over Eastern Galicia. Poland won the war. Among those fighting on Polish side, there are [[Kazimierz Bartel]], [[Stefan Bryła]] and [[Antoni Wereszczynski]], who later became the rector.

* November 8, November 1919: Polish Government unifies the [[Agricultural Academy in Dublany]] and Higher School of Forestry (Lwów) with Politechnical School.

* June 28, June 1920: Adoption of the New Statute and renaming the Polytechnical School into Lwów Polytechnic (Polish: ''Politechnika Lwowska'').

* November 19, November 1922: The Polytechnic is awarded by the Polish Government with Cross of Defenders of Lwów. Earlier in that year, [[Marshal of France]] [[Ferdinand Foch]] comes to Lwów and is awarded the title of ''doctor honoris causa'' of the school.

* February 23, February 1931: Council of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of Polytechnic conferred academic rank of honorary doctor to professor [[Nils Handson]] ([[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]).

* November 11, November 1936: President [[Ignacy Mościcki]] awards the school with Order [[Polonia Restituta]] in appreciation of its achievements.

===[[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] occupation===

* 4 July 4, 1941 (at night): On Vuletsky Hills Ukrainian collaborators from the [[Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists]] (OUN) and [[Germany|German]] occupiers, [[Massacre of Lvov professors|shot Polish professors]] of the Polytechnic Institute – [[Wlodzimierz Krukowski]], [[Antoni Łomnicki]], [[Stanislaw Pilat]], [[Włodzimierz Stożek]], [[Kazimierz Vetulani]], [[Kasper Weigel]], [[Roman Witkiewicz]], [[Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński]] and others.

* July 26, July 1941: Professor [[Kazimierz Bartel]] was murdered in the basements of Gestapo headquarters.

* April 10, April 1991: Inauguration of the first democratically elected rector for the last 50 years – Yu. Rudavsky.

* July 8, July 2009: The Lviv Polytechnic received the status of self-governing (autonomous) national research university.

* 16 educational institutes (as well as the Institute of distance learning and the International Institute of Education, Culture and Relations with the Diaspora );

* Scientific and technical library ;

* 12 dormitories ;

* Publishing house of Lviv Polytechnic National University ;

* People's House "Prosvita (Lviv Polytechnic)" ;

* [[Roman Shukhevych]] (Ukrainian politician and military leader of the [[Ukrainian Insurgent Army]] (UPA))