Kou Qianzhi: Difference between revisions

'''Kou Qianzhi''' ({{zh|p=Kòu Qiānzhī|c=寇謙之|w=K'ou Ch'ien-chih}}) (365–448) was a [[Taoist]] reformer who reenvisioned many of the ceremonies and rites of the [[Way of the Celestial Master]] form of Taoism and reformulated its theology into a new movement known as [[The Northern Celestial Masters]]. His influence was such that he had [[Taoism]] established as the official state religion of the [[Northern Wei|Northern Wei dynasty]] (386–534386–535); this act, however, embroiled Taoism in long and often bloody factional political struggles. There wasis a sayingtradition that Kou Qianzhi once secludedsought inseclusion on [[Mount HuashanHua]] the better to forpractice his taoismTaoist meditationmeditations.

Kou apparently began his career as a Taoist physician and hygienist. But in 415 he had a vision: a spirit appeared before him and told him that since the death of [[Zhang Daoling]], the great founder of the Way of the Celestial Master ("Tradition of the Celestial Master of the Mighty Commonwealth of Orthodox Oneness") sect of Taoism, the sect had been corrupted by false doctrines. Kou was awarded Zhang Daoling's old title of ''tianshi'' (“celestial"celestial master”master") and was charged in the vision with eliminating excesses in Taoist rituals. Accordingly, Kou began to attempt to curb the orgiastic practices and mercenary spirit that had become associated with Taoist rites and to place greater emphasis on hygienic ritual and good works.

Kou gained many adherents and, by making Taoism into a more orthodox doctrine, attracted the attention of [[Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei]]. In 423 Kou had the title of ''tianshi'' conferred upon himself by Imperial decree, thereby establishing the “Taoist"Taoist papacy”papacy": the title was passed to the church's leader from generation to generation in an unbroken line.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} By conspiring with certain court officials, Kou's patron [[Cui Hao]] was able to have [[Buddhism]], Taoism's chief competitor, proscribed from the realm and all its practitioners subjected to a bloody persecution. Taoism then became the [[state religion|official religion]] of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

[[Category:Northern Weiand Southern dynasties Taoists]]