Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 10: Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|Rocket launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base in the United States}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox launch pad \|name = Space Launch Complex 10 \|image = Thor DSV-2U launch with DMSP-5D-F5 satellite.jpg \|caption = A [[Thor DSV-2U]] carrying a [[Defense Meteorological Satellite Program\|DMSP]] weather satellite launches from SLC-10W in 1980. This was the last orbital launch from the complex. \|site = [[Vandenberg ~~AFB~~Space Force Base]] \|short = SLC-10 \|location = {{Coord\|34°\|45'\|55"\|N~~<br>~~\|120°\|37'\|20"\|W}} \| utc_offset = −08:00 ~~\|operator = [[US Air Force]]<br>[[Royal Air Force]]~~ \| time_zone = [[Pacific Standard Time\|PST]] \| utc_offset_DST = −07:00 \| time_zone_DST = [[Pacific Daylight Time\|PDT]] \| ~~architect~~operator = [[United States ~~Air~~Space Force]]▼ \|tlaunches = 38 \|pads = 2 Line 24 ⟶ 30: \| last = 19 March 1962 \|last_details = [[PGM-17 Thor]] \| rockets = [[PGM-17 Thor]] }}{{Infobox NRHP~~\| embed=yes~~ \| embed = yes \| name = Space Launch Complex 10 \| nrhp_type = nhl \| location = [[Vandenberg ~~Air~~Space Force Base]], [[Lompoc, California]] \| coordinates = {{coord\|34\|45\|55\|N\|120\|37\|20\|W\|display=inline,title}} \| locmapin = California#USA ~~\| area =~~ \| area = ▲ \| architect= [[United States Air Force]] \| architect = \| architecture= = \| added = June 23, 1986 ~~\| designated_nrhp_type = June 23, 1986<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web\|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1966&ResourceType=Structure~~ \| designated_nrhp_type = June 23, 1986<ref name="nrhpinv2" /> ~~\|title=Space Launch Complex 10 \|accessdate=2007-11-18\|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing\|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>~~ \| refnum = 86003511<ref name="nrhpinv2" /> ~~\| governing_body = [[United States Air Force]]~~ ~~\| refnum=86003511<ref name="nris">{{NRISref\|2008a}}</ref>~~ }} }} '''Space Launch Complex 10''', or '''Missile Launch Complex 10''',<ref name= nrhpinv2/> is located on [[Vandenberg ~~Air~~Space Force Base]] in [[Lompoc, California]]. It was built in 1958 to test ballistic missiles and developed into a space launching facility in 1963.<ref name="dod">[https://archive.today/20121213022206/https://www.denix.osd.mil/portal/page/portal/denix/environment/CR/NRHPNHL/NHLMap/California DOD NHL details for California]</ref> Prior to 1966 Space Launch Complex 10 West was known as Vandenberg AFB Pad 75-2-6.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/thorh6.html \|title=Thor Burner - Sixth in a Series Reviewing Thor Family History \|author=Ed Kyle \|date=3 July 2009}}</ref> It remains a rare pristine look at the electronics and facilities created in that era that helped the [[United States]] grow its space capabilities. The last launch from this complex was a Thor booster in 1980.<ref name= nrhpinv2/> It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1986.~~<ref name="nhlsum"/>~~<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{~~Cite~~NRHP ~~journal~~Focus\|~~title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Space Launch Complex 10 / Missile Launch Complex 10\|url={{NHLS url\|id=~~86003511}} \|format=pdf\|date=January 3, 1986 \|author=Captain Mark C. Mondl \|publisher=National Park Service}} and {{NHLS url\|id=86003511\|title=''Accompanying 5 photos, exterior and interior, undated.''\|photos=y}} {{small\|(601 KB)}}</ref> It is undergoing an eight-year restoration, and public visits are possible, if arranged in advance.<ref>[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/spa.htm NPS History of Aviation]</ref> ==~~Uses~~History== The launch complex was built in 1958 by the [[Douglas Aircraft Corporation]], and was first designated Complex 75-2. At that time it consisted of three launch pads, which were used to train military operators of [[PGM-17 Thor]] ballistic missiles, and to conduct missile launch tests. The first launches were conducted by the British [[Royal Air Force]] in June and August 1959.<ref name=nrhpinv2/> The facilities at SLC-10 were dismantled and transported to [[Johnston Island]] in support of [[Operation Dominic]], a nuclear weapons testing project conducted there in 1962. The ~~equipment~~launch complex was ~~returned~~rebuilt toin ~~Vandenberg~~1963 to support ~~early~~the ~~launches~~development of ~~the~~ [[~~Defense~~Burner ~~Meteorological~~(rocket ~~Satellite Program~~stage)\|Burner]] rockets, ~~which~~with two launch pads, designated SLC-10E and SLC-10W. Tests were conducted at SLC-10W from 1965 to 1980, using the [[Thor (rocket)\|Thor satellite launch vehicles]], the first stages of which followed the design of the Thor missile.▼ ~~===RAF===~~ SLC-10 was used to train military operators of [[PGM-17 Thor]] ballistic missiles, and to conduct missile launch tests. Seven launch attempts were conducted from SLC-10E by British Armed Forces [[Royal Air Force]] crews, of which six were successful. (There was also one PGM-17 Thor missile launch by an RAF crew from SLC-10W, which took place 1959-08-14.<ref name= nrhpinv2/>) ==~~=Johnston~~Surviving ~~Island=~~elements== Two launch pads and a prefabricated launch blockhouse are the principal surviving elements of the complex. The blockhouse interior still includes all of the electrical equipment used in later launches. SLC-10W also includes pipes and storage facilities for storing and managing the liquid fuel used in the rockets.<ref name=slc10>{{cite web\|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/space-launch-complex-10.htm\|title=Space Launch Complex 10\|publisher=National Park Service\|access-date=2018-02-13}}</ref> ~~The facilities at SLC-10 were dismantled and transported to [[Johnston Island]] in support of [[Operation Dominic]], a nuclear weapons testing project conducted there in 1962.~~ ~~===DMSP===~~ ▲The equipment was returned to Vandenberg to support early launches of the [[Defense Meteorological Satellite Program]], which were conducted at SLC-10W from 1965 to 1980, using the [[Thor (rocket)\|Thor satellite launch vehicles]], the first stages of which followed the design of the Thor missile. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== * {{cite book \|last1=Page II\|first1=Joseph T. \|title=Images of America: Vandenberg Air Force Base \|year=2014 \|publisher=Arcadia Publishing\|oclc=905345173}} * {{cite book \|last1=Page II\|first1=Joseph T. \|title=Space Launch Complex Ten: Vandenberg's Cold War Historic Landmark \|year=2016 \|publisher=History Press\|oclc=952155149}} * [https://archive.org/details/space-launch-complex-ten-brochure United States Air Force. (1998) Space Launch Complex 10: A National Historic Landmark. Brochure.] ==External links== [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/ Aviation: From Sand Dunes to Sonic Booms, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary] [https://archive.today/20121213022206/https://www.denix.osd.mil/portal/page/portal/denix/environment/CR/NRHPNHL/NHLMap/California DOD NHL details for California] [[Historic American Engineering Record]] (HAER) documentation, filed under North End of Aero Road, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA: {{HAER \|survey=CA-296 \|id=ca3077 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10 \|data=115 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-A \|id=ca3078 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Blockhouse \|photos=27 \|cap=5 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-B \|id=ca3079 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Metal Building \|photos=2 \|cap=2 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-C \|id=ca3080 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Office and Administration Building \|photos=7 \|cap=3 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-D \|id=ca3081 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Technical Support Building \|photos=9 \|cap=3 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-E \|id=ca3082 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Hydrogen Peroxide Facility \|photos=1 \|cap=2 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-F \|id=ca3083 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, East Launch Pad \|photos=26 \|cap=4 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-G \|id=ca3084 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Maintenance Support Building \|photos=5 \|cap=2 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-H \|id=ca3085 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, West Launch Pad \|photos=61 \|cap=7 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-I \|id=ca3086 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Construction Storage Building \|photos=3 \|cap=2 \|link=no}} {{HAER \|survey=CA-296-J \|id=ca3087 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, Power Substation \|photos=1 \|cap=2 \|link=no}} *{{HAER \|survey=CA-296-K \|id=ca3088 \|title=Vandenburg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 10, LE-8 \|photos=9 \|cap=3 \|link=no}} {{~~Registered~~National Register of Historic Places}} {{Spaceflight landmarks}} {{Vandenberg Air Force Base launch sites}} [[Category:Launch complexes of the United States ~~Air~~Space Force]] [[Category:Vandenberg ~~Air~~Space Force Base]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Santa Barbara County, California]] [[Category:Historic American Engineering Record in California]] [[Category:National Historic Landmarks in California]] [[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Santa Barbara County, California]] [[Category:Science and technology in California]] [[Category:1958 establishments in California]]