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{{Short description|Battle in 133 BC}}
{{No footnotes|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox military conflict
|image=
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|result=Aborted by Xiongnu retreat
|combatant1=[[Xiongnu]]
|combatant2=[[Han
|commander1=[[Junchen
|commander2=
|strength1=100,000 cavalry
|strength2=270,000 Han infantry at [[Shuozhou|Mayi]], 30,000 Han infantry at [[Zhangjiakou|Dai Prefecture]]
|casualties1=None
|casualties2=None, other than the capture of a low-profile outpost sentry
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{{Campaignbox Sino-Xiongnu War}}
The '''Battle of Mayi''' ({{zh|t=馬邑之戰}}), also known as the '''Scheme of Mayi''' (馬邑之謀) or the '''Encirclement at Mayi''' (馬邑之圍), was an abortive [[ambush]] operation by the [[Han
==Background==
[[File:铁兜鍪 狮子山.jpg|thumb|[[Han dynasty]] helmet]]
Before the Battle of Mayi, there had been two main encounters between the Han Chinese and the Xiongnu. During the [[Warring States period]], General [[Li Mu]] of the [[State of Zhao]] defeated the Xiongnu by luring them deep inside Zhao territory and ambushing them. With similar tactics, General [[Meng Tian]] of the [[Qin
After
After seven decades, the Han
==Ambush==
In 133 BC, at the suggestion of Wang Hui, the minister of vassal affairs, Emperor Wu had his army set a trap for the [[Xiongnu]] [[Shanyu]] at the city of [[Mayi (town)|Mayi]]. A powerful local trader/[[smuggler]], Nie Wengyi
The plan failed, ironically, because the Han
==Aftermath==
Back at the imperial court, Wang Hui's political enemies blamed him for the plan's failure and his reluctance to pursue the retreating Xiongnu army
Though border military clashes had already continued for decades between the two sides, this "battle" ended the ''de jure'' "peace" between the Han and Xiongnu. The ambush operation revealed the Han
The result of the battle made Emperor Wu realize the difficulty for
The failure of the Mayi operation also prompted Emperor Wu to reconsider his choice of commanders. Disappointed at the ineffectiveness of existing generals, Emperor Wu began to look for younger generations of military hopefuls capable of offensive anti-cavalry warfare. That led to the rise of famous new-generation tacticians like [[Wei Qing]] and [[Huo Qubing]], and old
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Ban Gu et al., ''Hanshu''. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1962. {{ISBN|7-101-00305-2}}
*Sima Guang, comp. ''Zizhi Tongjian''. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1956. {{ISBN|7-101-00183-1}}
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[[Category:133 BC]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Han dynasty|Mayi 133 BC]]
[[Category:Battles
[[Category:2nd century BC in China]]
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