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{{for|the village located within this town|Hempstead (village), New York}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hempstead, New York
| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of New York#Town|Town]]
| nickname = TOH
| motto
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| total_width = 300px
| perrow = 1/2/1
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| image4 = Wantaghpark.jpg
}}
| image_caption = [[Atlantic Beach, New York|Atlantic Beach]] view, [[Hempstead (village)|downtown Hempstead]], [[Uniondale, NY|Uniondale]] skyline, [[Wantagh Park]]
| imagesize = 250px
| image_flag = Flag of the Town of Hempstead, New York.svg
| image_seal
| image_map = Nassau County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Hempstead highlighted.svg
| mapsize = 260px
| map_caption = Location of Hempstead in [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]] (right), and location of Nassau County in the State of New York (left)
| image_map1 = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=280|frame-height=200|frame-coord=SWITCH:{{coord|qid=Q1583289}}###{{coord|qid=Q1384}}###{{coord|40|42|17|N|73|37|02|W}}|zoom=SWITCH:8;5;3|type=SWITCH:shape-inverse;point;point|marker=city|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|id2=SWITCH:Q1583289;Q1384;Q30|type2=shape|fill2=#ffffff|fill-opacity2=SWITCH:0;0.1;0.1|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080|stroke-opacity2=SWITCH:0;1;1|switch=Hempstead;New York;the United States}}
<!-- Location -->| coordinates = {{coord|40|42|17|N|73|37|02|W|region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{Flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in New York|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = [[Town council]]
| leader_title = [[Town supervisor]]
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Town council]]
| leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list
|title = Members
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
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|6 = • D6: Dennis Dunne Sr. ([[United States Republican Party|R]])
}}
| established_title = First settled
| established_date = {{start date and age|1644}}
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2016">{{cite web|title=2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2016_Gazetteer/2016_gaz_place_36.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=
| area_magnitude
| area_total_km2 = 496.68
| area_land_km2 = 307.39
| area_water_km2 = 189.29
| area_total_sq_mi = 191.77
| area_land_sq_mi = 118.68
| area_water_sq_mi = 73.08
<!-- Elevation -->| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m
| elevation_ft = <!-- Population -->
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.indystar.com/census/total-population/total-population-change/hempstead-town-nassau-county-new-york/060-3605934000/|title = Hempstead town, Nassau County, New York Demographics and Housing 2020 Decennial Census}}</ref>
| population_total = 793409
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = 6685
| utc_offset = -5
| timezone_DST = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -4
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code = 11550<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zipdatamaps.com/11550|title=Hempstead ZIP Code|publisher=zipdatamaps.com|year=2023|access-date=January 12, 2023}}</ref>
| area_code = [[Area codes 516 and 363|516, 363]]
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 36-059-34000
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info
| website = [https://www.hempsteadny.gov/ hempsteadny.gov]
| footnotes
| pop_est_as_of
| pop_est_footnotes
| population_est
| unit_pref = Imperial
| official_name
| other_name
| seat_type = Town Seat
| seat = [[Hempstead (village), New York|Hempstead]]
| leader_party = [[United States Republican Party|R]]
| timezone1 = [[Eastern Standard Time|EST]]
| area_water_percent = 38.11
| area_code_type = [[Area codes]]
| flag_size = 125px
| population_rank = 2nd in New York
}}
The
It occupies the southwestern part of the county, on the western half of Long Island. Twenty-two incorporated [[Administrative divisions of New York#Village|villages]] (one of which is named [[Hempstead (village), New York|Hempstead]]) are completely or partially within the town.
If Hempstead were to be incorporated as a city, it would be the second-largest in New York, behind [[New York City]]; it is about three times the size of [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], which has long been the state's second-largest city. It would be the 18th-[[List of United States cities by population|largest city in the country]], behind [[San Francisco|San Francisco, California]], and ahead of [[Seattle, Washington]]. Hempstead is thus the most populous municipality in the [[New York metropolitan area]] outside New York City.
[[Hofstra University]]'s
== History ==
The town was first settled around 1644 following the establishment of a treaty between English colonists, John Carman and Robert Fordham, and the [[Lenape Indians]] in 1643. Although the settlers were from the new English colony of New Haven (1638), later incorporated into, [[Connecticut]] in 1662, a patent was issued by the government of [[New Netherland]] after the settlers had purchased land from the local natives. This transaction is depicted in a mural in the Hempstead Village Hall, reproduced from a poster commemorating the 300th anniversary of Hempstead Village.
In local Dutch-language documents of the 1640s and later, the town was invariably called ''[[Heemstede]],''<ref>J.A. Jacobs, ''The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth Century America'', Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pages 87, [https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC&pg=PA268 268], 273-4</ref> and several of Hempstead's original 50 patentees were Dutch, suggesting that Hempstead was named after the Dutch town and/or [[Slot Heemstede|castle]]
In 1664, the settlement under the new [[Province of New York]] adopted the [[The Duke's Laws|Duke's Laws]], austere statutes that became the basis upon which the laws of many colonies were to be founded. For a time, Hempstead became known as "Old Blue", as a result of the "[[Blue law|Blue Laws]]".<ref name="villageofhempstead.org"/>
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Richard Hewlett, who was born in Hempstead, served as a Lieutenant Colonel with the British Army under General [[Oliver De Lancey (American loyalist)|Oliver De Lancey]] in the American Revolution. Afterward, Hewlett departed the United States with other Loyalists and settled in the newly created Province of [[New Brunswick]] in what later became Canada. A settlement there was named Hampstead, in Queen's County next to Long Island in the [[Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Saint John River]].
In 2024, Hempstead sued New York City for implementing congestion pricing in the most congested and polluted parts of Manhattan. Hempstead Town Supervisor Don Clavin argued that the congestion pricing was an unfair burden on suburban commuters into Manhattan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bisram |first=Jennifer |date=May 2, 2024 |title=NYC congestion pricing target of Long Island lawsuit. Here's why the new tolls may be illegal. - CBS New York |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/nyc-congestion-pricing-tolls-long-island-lawsuit/ |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2024 |title=Hempstead files federal lawsuit to stop MTA's congestion pricing program |url=https://www.newsday.com/long-island/transportation/town-of-hempstead-lawsuit-congestion-pricing-o4ni1yz1 |website=Newsday |language=en}}</ref>
== Geography ==
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of 191.3 square miles (495.5 km<sup>2</sup>), of which 120.0 square miles (310.7 km<sup>2</sup>) is land and 71.4 square miles (184.8 km<sup>2</sup>) (37.30%) is water.
The western town line is the border of [[Queens
The most popular beach on the east coast of the United States, Jones Beach State Park, is located in Hempstead. The beach is a popular destination for Long Islanders and residents of New York. The beach itself receives approximately six million visitors per year.
=== Communities ===
The town of Hempstead contains 22 [[Administrative divisions of New York#Village|villages]] and 38 [[Administrative divisions of New York#Hamlet|hamlets]]:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toh.li//files/pdfs/tb_townmap.pdf |title=Town of Hempstead Map|archive-date =
==== Villages ====
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* [[Bellerose Terrace, New York|Bellerose Terrace]]
* [[Bellmore, New York|Bellmore]]
* [[Bethpage, New York|Bethpage]] ''(almost all in [[Oyster Bay
* [[East Atlantic Beach, New York|East Atlantic Beach]]
* [[East Garden City, New York|East Garden City]]
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In addition, there are a few areas that are not part of any incorporated village or census-designated place:
* [[Jones Beach Island]] and nearby uninhabited islands in [[South Oyster Bay]]
* A small area between Lynbrook and Rockville Centre that contains only [[Rockville Cemetery]]
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|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}
The 2019 [[American Community Survey]] determined the population of the town of Hempstead was 759,793.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=2019 U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Hempstead town, Nassau County, New York|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/hempsteadtownnassaucountynewyork/PST040219|access-date=March 18, 2021|website=www.census.gov|language=en}}</ref> The racial and ethnic makeup of the town was 54.0% [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], 17.4% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 6.2% Asian, 3.7% multiracial, and 20.9% Hispanic or Latin American of any race.
Of the population, there were 244,203 households and there was an owner-occupied housing rate of 80.8%. The average household size was 3.10 and the population was made of 22.7% foreign-born residents. In 2019, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the median value of an owner-occupied housing unit was $455,700 and the median gross rent of rented units at $1,678. Residents of the town had a combined median household income of $111,072 and per capita of $44,958. Of the population in 2019, 6.0% lived at or below the poverty line.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=
There were 246,828 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.02 and the average family size was 3.41.
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== Economy ==
[[Lufthansa]] United States had its headquarters in [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]],<ref>"[http://www.swiss.com/countries/US/local_content/contacts/Pages/Contacts.aspx Contact us]". [[Swiss International Air Lines|SWISS USA]]. Retrieved on January 29, 2011. "1640 Hempstead Turnpike East Meadow, NY"</ref><ref>"[http://www.lufthansa.com/mediapool/pdf/07/media_527207.pdf Ticket copy request]." [[Lufthansa]]. Retrieved on January 29, 2011. "1640 Hempstead Turnpike East Meadow, NY 11554."</ref><ref>"[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/MapItDrawServlet?geo_id=16000US3622502&_bucket_id=50&tree_id=420&context=saff&_lang=en&_sse=on East Meadow CDP, New York]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}." [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. Retrieved on January 29, 2011.</ref> beginning in the 1970s, after it moved from [[Park Avenue]] in [[Manhattan]], in order to save money. In 2019, the office had 206 employees; that year the headquarters moved to [[Uniondale, New York|Uniondale]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Madore, James T.|url=https://www.newsday.com/business/lufthansa-headquarters-uniondale-east-meadow-1.28119272|title=Lufthansa moves Americas headquarters, seeks tax breaks|newspaper=[[Newsday]]|date=March 5, 2019
At one time [[Swiss International Air Lines]] operated its United States office at 776 RexCorp Plaza in the EAB Plaza in Uniondale. The airline moved from 41 Pinelawn Road in [[Melville, New York|Melville, Suffolk County]] around 2002.<ref>"[http://www.swiss.com/countries/US/local_content/contacts/Pages/Contacts.aspx Contact Us SWISS USA]." ''[[Swiss International Air Lines]]''. Retrieved on January 20, 2009.</ref><ref>Anastasi, Nick. "[https://libn.com/2002/06/07/swissair-usa-hq-heads-to-market/<!--Old URL: http://www.allbusiness.com/operations/facilities/1079029-1.html--> SwissAir USA HQ heads to market.(Swiss International Airlines moves to Uniondale)]." ''[[Long Island Business News]]''. June 7, 2002. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.</ref>
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[[Snapple]] was previously headquartered in East Meadow,<ref>"[http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/snapple-beverage-corporation-history/ Snapple history]." Snapple Beverage Corporation History. Retrieved on September 24, 2012.</ref> prior to moving their corporate office. The office space is now currently occupied by the Epilepsy Foundation of Long Island.<ref>[http://libn.com/2011/11/15/epilepsy-foundation-to-revamp-former-snapple-hq/ "Epilepsy Foundation to revamp former Snapple HQ"]. ''[[Long Island Business News]]''. Retrieved on September 24, 2012.</ref>
== Government
The town is headed by Donald X. Clavin, Jr. (R) of Garden City. The responsibilities of the office include presiding over meetings of the Town Council and directing the legislative and administrative function of that body. The position also entails creating and implementing the town's budget. One famous former supervisor was [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Alfonse D'Amato]], who later represented New York in the [[United States Senate]] from 1981 to 1999.▼
=== Town government ===
▲
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ '''Town of Hempstead
|-
! Name
! Party
! Term
|-
| Position Established
|
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|}
Prior to 1994, the town also had a Presiding Supervisor, who along with the Supervisor, sat on what was then Nassau County's main governmental body, the Board of Supervisors, along with the Supervisors of the towns of [[North Hempstead, New York|North Hempstead]] and [[Oyster Bay (town), New York|Oyster Bay]] and the independent cities of [[Long Beach, New York|Long Beach]]—formerly a part of Hempstead Town until its incorporation as a separate municipality in 1922—and [[Glen Cove, New York|Glen Cove]], which had been carved out of Oyster Bay Town in 1917. Typically, the Presiding Supervisor, besides chairing the weekly county Board of Supervisors meetings, acted as the senior official in the town government with the Supervisor in a more junior, subordinate role; a number of Supervisors moved up to Presiding Supervisor whenever that office became vacant, including, in succession during the 1970s, [[Ralph G. Caso]] and [[Francis T. Purcell]], both of whom later went on to become the [[county executive]], and then Al D'Amato, before he moved up to the Senate. Having the Presiding Supervisor on the county board along with the Supervisor gave Hempstead—by far the most populous of the county's three towns and two cities—the most clout on that body. However, in 1993–94, a federal judge ruled that the board's makeup violated the one-person, one-vote constitutional principle and also gave no representation to the country's growing minority population.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/09/nyregion/judge-says-he-will-create-nassau-legislature-his-own-if-supervisors-fail-act.html|title=Judge Says He Will Create a Nassau Legislature on His Own if Supervisors Fail to Act|first=John T.|last=McQuiston|newspaper=The New York Times|date=
The Current Tax Collector is Jeanine Driscoll.
==== Hempstead Town Council ====
The Hempstead Town Council comprises six voting members, elected from a councilmanic district. Their primary function is to adopt the annual budget, adopting and amending the town code and the building zone ordinances, adopting all traffic regulations, and hearing applications for changes of zone and special exceptions to [[zoning]] codes.
As of
# Dorothy L. Goosby (
# Thomas E. Muscarella (
# Melissa Miller (
# Laura A. Ryder (R–[[Lynbrook, New York|Lynbrook]])
# Chris Carini (
# Dennis Dunne, Sr. (
==== Other elected town officials ====
Other elected officials in the town include the clerk and the receiver of taxes. The clerk is responsible for issuing birth, marriage, and [[death certificate]]s and is considered the town's record keeper. The clerk is currently Kate Murray (R). The Receiver of Taxes is Jeanine C. Driscoll (R).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://hempsteadny.gov/receiver-of-taxes |title=Jeanine C Driscoll
=== State and federal representation ===
Hempstead is part of New York's
Hempstead is in parts of New York's 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th Senatorial Districts. They are currently represented by Kevin Thomas (D), [[
▲Hempstead is in parts of New York's 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th Senatorial Districts. They are currently represented by Kevin Thomas (D), [[Anna Kaplan]] (D), John Brooks (D), and [[Todd Kaminsky]] (D), respectively.
Nine assembly districts are either within or partly within the town. They are Districts 12, 14–15, and 17–22. The assembly members are [[Joseph Saladino]] (R), [[Brian F. Curran]] (R), [[Michael Montesano]] (R), [[Thomas McKevitt]] (R), [[
=== County legislators ===
=== County legislators<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nassaucountyny.gov/489/County-Legislature|title=County Legislature {{!}} Nassau County, NY - Official Website|website=www.nassaucountyny.gov|access-date=2019-02-25}}</ref>===▼
Hempstead has 12 county legislative districts either
# Kevan Abrahams
# Siela Bynoe
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# Laura Schaefer
# John Ferretti, Jr.
▲
=== Sister city ===
On September 12, 2016, the Town of Hempstead signed a Declaration of Cooperation with the [[Shomron Regional Council]] in the Israeli-controlled [[West Bank]]. This council represents 35 [[Israeli settlement]]s in that region. Signing the pact was its proponent Councilmen [[Bruce Blakeman]] and [[Anthony D'Esposito]] and Supervisor Santino and Shomron leader [[Yossi Dagan]].<ref>Colapietro, Diana [http://www.liherald.com/stories/Town-creates-sister-relationship-with-Israeli-region,83694 "Town creates
==Transportation==
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===Bus service===
The Town of Hempstead is served primarily by [[Nassau Inter-County Express]] bus routes, though some [[MTA Regional Bus Operations|MTA
===Major roads===
{{See also|List of county routes in Nassau County, New York}}
* [[File:Meadowbrook Pkwy Shield.svg|24px]] [[Meadowbrook State Parkway]]
* [[File:Wantagh Pkwy Shield.svg|24px]] [[Wantagh State Parkway]]
* [[File:Southern Pkwy Shield.svg|24px]] [[Southern State Parkway]]
* [[File:NY-909E.svg|24px]] [[Bay Parkway (Jones Beach)|Bay Parkway]]
* [[File:Loop Pkwy Shield.svg|24px]] [[Loop Parkway]]
* [[File:Ocean Pkwy Shield.svg|24px]] [[Ocean Parkway (Long Island)|Ocean Parkway]]
* [[File:NY-25.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 25]]
* [[Glen Cove Road]]
* [[Peninsula Boulevard]]
* [[File:NY-24.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 24]]
* [[File:NY-27.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 27]]
* [[Merrick Boulevard|Merrick Road]]
* [[File:NY-102.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 102]]
* [[File:NY-105.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 105]]
* [[File:NY-106.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 106]]
* [[File:NY-107.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 107]]
* [[File:NY-135.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 135]]
* [[File:NY-878.svg|24px]] [[New York State Route 878]]
== State parks ==
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{{NassauCountyNY}}
{{Former towns of New York City}}
{{New York metropolitan area}}
{{Long Island region}}
{{authority control}}
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[[Category:1644 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:Towns in Nassau County, New York]]
[[Category:Towns in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Towns in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Towns on Long Island]]
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