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{{Short description|Arleigh Burke-class destroyer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
| infobox caption =
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = USS-WINSTON-CHURCHILL-DDG-81.png
| Ship caption = USS ''Winston S. Churchill'' (DDG-81), in 2008
}}
{{Infobox ship career
| Hide header =
| Ship country = United States
| Ship flag = {{USN flag}}
| Ship name = ''Winston S. Churchill''
| Ship namesake = [[Winston Churchill|Winston S. Churchill]]
| Ship ordered = 6 January 1995
| Ship builder = [[Bath Iron Works]]
| Ship laid down = 7 May 1998
| Ship launched = 17 April 1999
| Ship acquired =
| Ship commissioned = 10 March 2001
| Ship decommissioned =
| Ship in service =
| Ship out of service =
| Ship identification = *{{MMSI Number|338821000}}
*[[Maritime call sign|Callsign]]: NWSC
*{{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Whiskey}}{{ICS|Sierra}}{{ICS|Charlie}}
*[[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull number]]: DDG-81
| Ship struck =
| Ship reinstated =
| Ship homeport = [[Naval Station Mayport|Mayport]]
| Ship motto = ''In war: Resolution; In peace: Good Will''
| Ship fate =
| Ship status = {{Ship in active service}}
| Ship notes =
| Ship badge = [[File:USS Winston Churchill DDG-81 Crest.png|150px|alt=DDG-81 USS Winston Churchill Coat of Arms]]
| Ship honours =
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption =
| Ship class = {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer}}
| Ship displacement = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer displacement IIA}}
| Ship length = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer length IIA}}
| Ship beam = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer beam}}
| Ship draught =
| Ship draft = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer draft}}
| Ship power = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer power}}
| Ship propulsion = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer propulsion}}
| Ship speed = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer speed}}
| Ship range =
| Ship complement = 32 officers, 348 enlisted
| Ship sensors =
| Ship EW = AN/SLQ-32(V)3
| Ship armament = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer Flight IIA armament (2 x Phalanx)}}
| Ship
| Ship armor = ▼
| Ship aircraft = {{Arleigh Burke-class destroyer Flight IIA/III aircraft}}
| Ship notes = ▼
▲|Ship armor=
▲|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''USS ''Winston S. Churchill'' (DDG-81)''' is an {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer|0}} [[guided missile destroyer|destroyer]] of the [[United States Navy]]. She is named after Sir [[Winston Churchill]], former [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]. This ship is the 31st destroyer of her class
== Naming ==
[[File:Churchill portrait NYP 45063.jpg|upright|thumb|Sir Winston Churchill]]
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Other U.S. warships named after Britons were {{USS|Alfred|1774|2}}, an armed merchantman named after [[Alfred the Great|King Alfred the Great]]; {{USS|Raleigh|1776|2}}, a continental frigate, named after [[Walter Raleigh|Sir Walter Raleigh]] (though three [[USS Raleigh|later USS ''Raleigh''s]]—and two [[CSS Raleigh|Confederate warships]]—would be named after the [[Raleigh, North Carolina|North Carolina city]], which did not exist at the time); and {{USS|Effingham|1777|2}}, named after [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham|The 3rd Earl of Effingham]] who resigned his commission rather than fight the colonists during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. The former frigate {{USS|Harold E. Holt|FF-1074|2}} was also named after a person from a country in the Commonwealth of Nations, [[Harold Holt]], the Australian Prime Minister, who disappeared, (presumed drowned), while still in office just a year before ''Harold E. Holt'' was laid down. ''Winston S. Churchill'' is the first ship to be named after a British citizen or British Prime Minister of the modern era.
''Winston S. Churchill'' is the only U.S. Navy vessel to have a [[Royal Navy]] [[exchange officer]] permanently assigned to the ship's company (usually a Navigation Officer).<ref name="Kennedy 2001">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/USS_Churchill.htm|title=USS Churchill Shows Off High-Tech Gear|access-date=15 April 2007|last=Kennedy |first=Harold|date=April 2001|work=National Defense|publisher=[[National Defense Industrial Association|NDIA]]|quote=She also is the only U.S. Navy ship to have a British [[Royal Navy]] officer permanently assigned as a member of the ship’s company. Lieutenant Angus Essenhigh, RN, of Portsmouth, England, is serving as ship’s navigator during his two-year tour of duty.▼
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200801/http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/USS_Churchill.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 27 September 2007}}</ref> The U.S. Navy had a permanent U.S. Navy Officer on the Royal Navy ship, {{HMS|Marlborough|F233|6}}, until her decommissioning on 8 July 2005. ''Winston S. Churchill'' is also the only U.S. Naval vessel to fly a foreign [[Ensign (flag)|ensign]]. Being named after a Briton, the Royal Navy's [[White Ensign]] is honorarily flown on special occasions from the ship's mast, on the port side, whereas the U.S. flag is flown from the starboard side. However, during normal operations, only the U.S. flag is flown on the center of the main mast.<ref>{{cite news | last =Stilwell | first =Blake | title = The Only US Navy Warship Authorized to Fly a Foreign Flag at Sea| newspaper =[[Military.com]] | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =2023 | url = https://www.military.com/history/only-us-navy-warship-authorized-fly-foreign-flag-sea.html| accessdate =November 13, 2023}}</ref>▼
==Design==
The ship is the first of the Flight IIA variants fitted with the 62-caliber [[5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun|Mark 45 Mod 4 naval gun]] system. The guns' longer barrels allow more complete combustion of the propellant, reducing barrel flare and improving projectile velocity and firepower against ship and shore targets; additionally, the Mk 45 mod 4 uses a modified gun-house, designed to reduce its radar signature. ''Winston S. Churchill'' is armed with [[Tomahawk (missile family)|Tomahawk]], [[Standard Missile|Standard]] and [[RUR-5 ASROC|ASROC]] (VLA) missiles.<ref name="National Defense Magazine">{{cite web |work=National Defense Magazine |last=Kennedy |first=Harold |title=USS Churchill Shows Off High-Tech Gear |url=http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/archive/2001/April/Pages/USS_Churchill4271.aspx |date=April 2001 |access-date=12 January 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420075613/http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/archive/2001/April/Pages/USS_Churchill4271.aspx |archive-date=20 April 2016 }}</ref>
The vessel additionally contains two hangars, not present in earlier destroyers; these can house [[Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System]] (LAMPS) [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk|Sikorsky SH-60B or MH-60R Seahawk]] helicopters. These LAMPS can be fitted with air-to-surface missiles for surface ship attacks, and torpedoes for submarine attacks.
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== Service history ==
The contract to build ''Winston S. Churchill'' was awarded to the [[Bath Iron Works]] Corporation on 6 January 1995, and the [[keel]] was laid down on 7 May 1998. ''Winston S. Churchill'' was [[Ship naming and launching|launched]] on 17 April 1999, delivered 13 October 2000, and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] 10 March 2001. The launch and christening of the ship was co-sponsored by [[Mary Soames, Baroness Soames|Lady Soames]], the daughter of [[Winston Churchill]], and Mrs. Janet Cohen, wife of the [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]]. Her first commanding officer was [[Commander (United States)|Commander]] (and future [[Rear admiral (United States)|Vice Admiral]]) [[Michael T. Franken]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/bios/navybio.asp?bioID=474 |title=Vice Admiral Michael T. Franken, Deputy Commander for Military Operations U.S. Africa Command |publisher=United States Navy |access-date=2 October 2015 |archive-date=3 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003125908/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/bios/navybio.asp?bioID=474 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:Flickr - Official U.S. Navy Imagery - A Royal navy Lt. check and record readings at the navigation table..jpg|200px|thumbnail|left|A Royal Navy officer assists on the bridge]]▼
▲''Winston S. Churchill'' is the only U.S. Navy vessel to have a [[Royal Navy]] [[exchange officer]] permanently assigned to the ship's company (usually a Navigation Officer).<ref name="Kennedy 2001">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/USS_Churchill.htm|title=USS Churchill Shows Off High-Tech Gear|access-date=15 April 2007|last=Kennedy |first=Harold|date=April 2001|work=National Defense|publisher=[[National Defense Industrial Association|NDIA]]|quote=She also is the only U.S. Navy ship to have a British [[Royal Navy]] officer permanently assigned as a member of the ship’s company. Lieutenant Angus Essenhigh, RN, of Portsmouth, England, is serving as ship’s navigator during his two-year tour of duty.
▲|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200801/http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/USS_Churchill.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 27 September 2007}}</ref> The U.S. Navy had a permanent U.S. Navy Officer on the Royal Navy ship, {{HMS|Marlborough|F233|6}}, until her decommissioning on 8 July 2005. ''Winston S. Churchill'' is also the only U.S. Naval vessel to fly a foreign [[ensign]]. Being named after a Briton, the Royal Navy's [[White Ensign]] is honorarily flown on special occasions from the ship's mast, on the port side, whereas the U.S. flag is flown from the starboard side. However, during normal operations, only the U.S. flag is flown on the center of the main mast.
[[File:LutjensHonors.jpg|thumb|Crew of [[German destroyer Lütjens|German destroyer ''Lütjens'']] pay homage as they bid farewell to the crew ''Winston S. Churchill'']]
On 14 September 2001, (three days after the [[11 September 2001 attacks]]), the [[German Navy]] destroyer {{ship|German destroyer|Lütjens|D185|2}} passed close abeam ''Winston S. Churchill'' and rendered honors by [[manning the rails]], flying the [[Flag of the United States|Stars and Stripes]] at half-mast, and the display of a banner reading "We Stand By You". An e-mail sent by an [[Ensign (rank)|ensign]] on board ''Winston S. Churchill'' described the occasion.<ref>{{cite web | publisher=United States Navy| year=2001| title= This is an e-mail from an Ensign stationed aboard the ship during the UK deployment| url=http://www.churchill.navy.mil/lutjens.htm | access-date=15 March 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051229195801/http://www.churchill.navy.mil/lutjens.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 29 December 2005}}</ref>
In January 2003, ''Winston S. Churchill'' deployed with the {{USS|Theodore Roosevelt|CVN-71|6}} battle group in support of the Iraq War's [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]], firing several [[Tomahawk (missile family)|Tomahawk missiles]]. ''Winston S. Churchill'' returned to [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk]] at the end of May 2003.
On 22 August 2005, ''Winston S. Churchill'' was involved in a minor collision with the destroyer {{USS|McFaul|DDG-74|6}} off the coast of [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], Florida. Both ships suffered minor damage, and no injuries were reported. Both ships returned to their homeport at [[Naval Station Norfolk]] under their own power.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.damagecontrolmuseums.org/Ship_Cas_history/MCFAUL/MCFAUL_n.html |title= USS McFaul (DDG 74) and USS Winston S. Churchill (DDG 81) Collision |website= Damage Control Museum |access-date= 5 March 2016 |archive-date= 13 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160313101919/http://www.damagecontrolmuseums.org/Ship_Cas_history/MCFAUL/MCFAUL_n.html |url-status= dead }}</ref>
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On 26 September 2010, ''Winston S. Churchill'' came across a disabled [[skiff]] in the [[Gulf of Aden]]. After attempts to repair the skiff's engines failed ''Winston S. Churchill'' took the vessel under tow towards [[Somalia]]. On 27 September the skiff sank when the 85 passengers rushed to one side of the skiff during a food delivery causing the vessel to [[capsize]].<ref>[http://nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=120161&z=5 Mười ba thuyền nhân Phi Châu chết đuối]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{in lang|vi}}</ref> ''Winston S. Churchill'' was able to rescue 61 of the passengers and continued towards Somalia on 28 September.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11425451 |publisher=BBC News | title=Tragic end to US rescue bid off Somali coast | date=28 September 2010}}</ref>
Her homeport was formerly [[Naval Station Norfolk]] became [[Naval Station Mayport]], [[Florida]] on 19 July 2021. She is currently a part of [[Carrier Strike Group 12]].<ref>{{
On 11–12 February 2021, ''Winston S. Churchill'' seized thousands of weapons from two stateless dhows off the coast of [[Somalia|Somali]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winston S. Churchill Seizes Illicit Weapons from Two Dhows off Somalia |url=https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/NEWS-ARTICLES/News-Article-View/Article/2504027/winston-s-churchill-seizes-illicit-weapons-from-two-dhows-off-somalia/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centcom.mil%2FMEDIA%2FNEWS-ARTICLES%2FNews-Article-View%2FArticle%2F2504027%2Fwinston-s-churchill-seizes-illicit-weapons-from-two-dhows-off-somalia%2F |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=U.S. Central Command |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Awards==
* [[Arizona Memorial]] Trophy – (2019–2020) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.navy.mil/Press-Office/News-Stories/Article/2652889/uss-winston-s-churchill-the-navys-most-combat-ready-ship/ | title=USS Winston S. Churchill: The Navy's Most Combat Ready Ship }}</ref>
==Coat of arms==
=== Shield ===
=== Crest ===
=== Motto ===
=== Seal ===
==Gallery==
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File:Flickr - Official U.S. Navy Imagery - A VBSS team departs USS Winston S. Churchill..jpg
File:010822-N-6967M-503 DDG 81 At Sea.jpg
▲
File:USS Winston S. Churchill action 150322-N-BD333-002.jpg|Sailors [[manning the rails]] as ''Winston S. Churchill'' pulls into port
</gallery>
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