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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}
{{mcn|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bijapur
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| native_name_lang =
| official_name =
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| image_skyline = Bijapur Montage.jpg
| image_alt =
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}}
'''Bijapur'''
The city was established in the 10th–11th centuries by the [[Kalyani Chalukyas]] and was known as ''Vijayapura'' (city of victory). The city was passed to [[Seuna (Yadava) dynasty|Yadava]]s after Chalukya's demise. In 1347, the area was conquered by the [[Bahmani Sultanate]]. After the split of the Bahmani Sultanate, the [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Bijapur Sultanate]] ruled from the city. Relics of the Sultanates' rule can be found in the city, including the [[Bijapur Fort]], [[Bara Kaman]], [[Jama Mosque, Bijapur|Jama Masjid]], and [[Gol Gumbaz]].
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Bijapur, one of the popular heritage cities in Karnataka, is also one of the top ten populated cities in Karnataka. Bijapur city was declared as one of the corporations in the state of Karnataka in 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tumkur, Shimoga and Bijapur cities to be upgraded as Municipal Corporations |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/tumkur-shimoga-and-bijapur-cities-to-be-upgraded-as-municipal-corporations/article5085415.ece |access-date=1 April 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=2 September 2013 |language=en-IN}}</ref> Bijapur urban population as per [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] was 326,000, perhaps the 9th biggest city in Karnataka. Vijayapura Mahanagara Palike (VMP) is the newest Municipal Corporation formed under the KMC act, along with [[Shimoga]] and [[Tumkur]] Municipal Corporations.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/Karnataka-could-see-more-city-corporations-based-on-2011-census-says-minister/articleshow/23217671.cms | title=Karnataka could see more city corporations based on 2011 census, says minister | first=Jaideep | last=Shenoy | date=28 September 2013 | newspaper=The Times of India | access-date=21 October 2018 }}</ref> Administratively, Bijapur district comes under [[Belgaum]] division along with [[Bagalkote]], [[Belgaum]], [[Dharwad]], [[Gadag]], [[Haveri]] and [[Uttara Kannada]] (Karwar) districts.
Civic administration of the city is managed by the Bijapur City Corporation and office of Deputy Commissioner in Bijapur. The office of Deputy Commissioner has the responsibility for rural areas in Bijapur, while the corporation administers the city of Bijapur. Effective administration of the heritage city of Bijapur is the main purpose of the [[Vijayapura City Corporation]].
== History ==
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The Bijapur district is historically, traditionally and legendarily, one of the richest districts in the state. Evidence found here reveals that it was an inhabited place since the Stone Age. The history of this district is divided into four periods, from the Chalukya acquisition of Badami till the Muslim invasion.
=== Bahmani and Bijapur Sultanates ===
{{main|Bijapur Sultanate|
[[File:Ibrahim Rauza, Bijapur, Karnataka.jpg|thumb|[[Ibrahim Rauza]], completed in 1626 is the burial place of [[Ibrahim Adil Shah II]] and his family]]
Bijapur first came under the influence of [[Alauddin Khalji]], the [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultan of Delhi]], towards the end of the 13th century, and then under the [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmani]]
The Mughal emperor [[Aurangazeb]] conquered Bijapur from the Adil Shahis in 1686 and had two years prior turned Bijapur into a [[subah]]. Bijapur was under Mughal rule up to 1723. In 1724 the [[Nizam]] of [[Hyderabad State]] established his independence in the Deccan and included Bijapur within his dominion. However, his acquisition on this portion was of brief duration, in 1760 it went into the hands of the [[Maratha Confederacy]].
[[File:Overland trade routes through the Deccan.jpg|thumb|Trade routes through [[the Deccan]], connecting Bijapur to [[Goa]] and [[Dabhol]] (1666 French map)]]
=== British Colonial period ===
After the 1818 defeat of the Peshwa by the British in the [[Third Anglo-Maratha War]], Bijapur passed into the hands of the [[British East India Company]], and was assigned to the Maratha [[princely state]] [[Satara State|Satara]].
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== Transport ==
===Road===
Bijapur is geographically & strategically well connected through major cities by four lane NH 13(Solapur–Mangalore) (now NH50), NH-218 (Hubli–Humnabad) and other state highways.
Bijapur is a big road transport hub and its state run bus transport division has 6 depots/units and comes under [[Kalyana Karnataka Road Transport Corporation]] (KKRTC) headquartered at [[Gulbarga]].
The division plys many premium multi-axle coaches, sleeper coach, sitting push back coach with AC and Non AC with makers like [[Volvo]], [[Mercedes-Benz]], [[Isuzu]] [[Tata Motors]], [[Ashok Leyland]], [[Mitsubishi]] etc. services to [[Bangalore]], [[Mumbai]], [[Pune]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Mangalore]], [[Mysore]], [[Hubli]], [[Belgaum]] and other major cities.{{cn|date=July 2024}}
===Railways===
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Engineering colleges are affiliated to [[Visvesvaraya Technological University]] viz, [[B.L.D.E.A's V.P. Dr. P.G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology]] and [[SECAB College of Engineering and Technology]]
Al Ameen Medical college is affiliated to [[Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences]].<ref>
Many of colleges except professional are affiliated to Rani Chennamma University Belgaum viz, B.L.D.E.A'S A.S.PATIL COLLEGE OF COMMERCE(Autonomous)MBA Programme, Bijapur. Rani Chennamma University has a Post-Graduation Centre at Bijapur also.
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