Content deleted Content added
No edit summary Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
→See also: Removed Per MOS:SEEALSO, rm entries that are already linked in the article body |
||
(11 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
Line 52:
| leader_title1 = [[District Magistrate|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name1 = Anupam Kashyap, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile {{!}} Shimla District, Government of Himachal Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://hpshimla.nic.in/profile/ |website=hpshimla.nic.in |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref>
| leader_title3 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title4 = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name4 = Surender Chauhan<ref>{{cite web |title=MC Mayor Office Contact Directory |url=https://shimlamc.hp.gov.in/Contact/Index/13 |website=Municipal Corporation Shimla, Himachal Pradesh |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref>
Line 119:
{{cquote|Shimla is only four days march from Loodianah ([[Ludhiana]]), is easy to access, and proves a very agreeable refuge from the burning plains of Hindoostaun ([[Hindustan]]).}}
[[File:Jakku Temple Simla.jpg|thumb|left|Jakhu Temple in 1910; the temple predates the British settlement in the area]]
Combermere's successor [[James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie|Earl Dalhousie]] visited Shimla in the same year. After this, the town was under Nawab (King) Kumar Ghosal of Bally, West Bengal, and saw regular visits from the Governors-General and Commanders-in-Chief of British India. Several young British officers started visiting the area to socialise with the higher-ups; they were followed by ladies looking for marriage alliances for their relatives. Shimla thus became a hill station famous for balls, parties, and other festivities. Subsequently, residential schools for pupils from upper-class families were established nearby. By the late 1830s, the city also became a centre for theatre and art exhibitions. As the population increased, several bungalows were built and a big bazaar was established in the town. The Indian businessmen, mainly from [[Sood (surname)|Sood]] and [[Parsi]] communities, arrived in the area to cater to the needs of the growing European population. On 9 September 1844, the foundation of the [[Christ Church (Shimla)|Christ Church]] was laid. Subsequently, several roads were widened and the construction of the [[National Highway 22 (India)|Hindustan-Tibet road]] with a 560-feet tunnel was taken up in 1851–52. This tunnel, now known as the Dhalli Tunnel, was started by Major Briggs in 1850 and completed in the winter of 1851–52.<ref name="tunnel">{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080206/himplus1.htm#2 |title=Shimla A five-tunnel town|publisher=tribuneindia.com|access-date=16 August 2015}}</ref> The [[1857 uprising]] caused a panic among the European residents of the town, but Shimla remained largely unaffected by the rebellion.<ref name="Vipin1996"/>
In 1863, the [[Viceroy of India]], [[John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence|John Lawrence]], decided to shift the summer capital of the British Raj to Shimla.<ref name="Vipin1996" /> He took the trouble of moving the administration twice a year between [[Calcutta]] and this separate centre over 1,000 miles away, even though it was difficult to reach.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[Charles Allen (writer)|Charles Allen]], ''[[Kipling Sahib]]'', London, Little Brown, 2007</ref> [[Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton|Robert Bulwer-Lytton]] ([[Viceroy of India]] 1876–1880) made efforts to plan the town from 1876, when he first stayed in a rented house, but began plans for a [[Rashtrapati Niwas|Viceregal Lodge]], later built on Observatory Hill. A fire cleared much of the area where the native Indian population lived (the "Upper Bazaar" nowadays known as the [[The Ridge, Shimla|Ridge]]<ref name="harassed">{{cite book | author=Hari Sud | title=Entrepreneurs of British Shimla | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N8aRBQAAQBAJ | access-date=15 August 2015 | year=2013 | publisher=Lulu | isbn=978-1-304-11357-3 | pages=73–74}}</ref>), and the planning of the eastern end to become the centre of the European town forced them to live in the [[Middle Bazaar, Shimla|Middle]] and [[Lower Bazaar, Shimla|Lower Bazaars]] on the lower terraces descending the steep slopes from the Ridge. The Upper Bazaar was cleared for a town hall, with many facilities such as a library and theatre, as well as offices for police and military volunteers as well as municipal administration.
Line 376:
[[File:Rani Jhansi statue.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Statue of [[Rani Lakshmibai|Rani Laxmi Bai]].]]
The administrative responsibilities of the city of Shimla and merged areas of Dhalli, [[Totu, Shimla|Totu]], and New Shimla reside with the Shimla Municipal Corporation (SMC). All three areas were taken under SMC in 2006–07. Established in 1851, the [[Shimla Municipal Corporation]] is an elected body comprising 41 councillors, three of whom are nominated by the government of [[Himachal Pradesh]]. The nominations are based on prominence in the fields of social service, academics, and other activities.
The administrative head of the corporation is the Commissioner who is appointed by the state government.
Line 388:
==Demographics==
===Population===
According to 2011 census, Shimla city spread over an area of 35.34 km<sup>2</sup> had a population of 169,578 with 93,152 males and 76,426 females.<ref name="SMLA"/><ref name="SML"/> Shimla urban agglomeration had a population of 171,817 as per provisional data of 2011 census, out of which males were 94,797 and females were 77,020.<ref name="SM"/> The effective literacy rate of city was 93.63
The city area has increased considerably along with time. It has stretched from Hiranagar to Dhalli from one side & Tara Devi to Malyana in the other. As per the 2001 India Census,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> the city has a population of 142,161 spread over an area of 19.55 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="mcshimla"/> A floating population of 75,000 is attributed to service industries such as tourism.<ref name="mcshimla"/> The largest demographic, 55%, is 16–45 years of age. A further 28% of the population is younger than 15 years. The low [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] – 930 girls for every 1,000 boys in 2001<ref>Missing: Mapping the Adverse Child Sex Ratio in India, [[UNFPA]] 2003</ref> – is cause for concern, and much lower than the [[Himachal Pradesh#Demographics|974 versus 1,000]] for Himachal Pradesh state as a whole.
Line 519:
State-owned [[All India Radio]] and [[Reliance Broadcast Network|Reliance Broadcast]] owned [[BIG FM 92.7|95.0 BIG FM]] have local radio stations in Shimla, which transmit various programmes of mass interest. Apart from a wide range of other national and international TV channels of different languages, the national TV broadcaster [[Doordarshan]] also broadcast channels like DD Shimla, DD National and DD Sports in the city. There are several private FM radio channels like 95.0 BIG FM and Radio Mirchi.
''[[Amar Ujala]]'',<ref name="NSP">{{cite news|title=Hindi Newspapers|url=http://www.amarujala.com/shimla|newspaper=[[Amar Ujala]]|access-date=15 June 2016}}</ref> ''[[Punjab Kesari]]'', and ''[[Dainik Bhaskar]]'' are the widely circulated Hindi dailies while ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]'', ''[[The Times of India]]'', ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' and ''[[Indian Express]]'' are popular English newspapers in the city
==Notable people==
Line 590:
[[Town twinning|Sister relationships]] with towns and regions worldwide include:
*{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Carbondale, Illinois|Carbondale]], [[Illinois]], United States<ref>[http://www.ci.carbondale.il.us/node/125 City of Carbondale] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825071208/http://ci.carbondale.il.us/node/125 |date=25 August 2012 }} – Sister Cities</ref><ref>[http://www.sister-cities.org/directory/index.cfm Sister-Cities.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629184627/http://www.sister-cities.org/ |date=29 June 2007 }} – International Directory</ref>
==References==
|